Hauptbahnhof underground station (Frankfurt am Main)
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Central Station is a station of the subway in Frankfurt . Together with the railway systems of the main train station above it, the S-Bahn station below and the urban surface traffic from trams and buses, it forms the largest traffic junction in the city. The station is located at the transition from the B line to the D line between the stations Willy-Brandt-Platz and Festhalle / Messe and is served by the U4 and U5 lines. It opened on May 28, 1978.
location
The underground station is located to the east of the reception building , which was completed in 1888, under the Am Hauptbahnhof square on the border between the Gallus and Bahnhofsviertel districts . Between the street surface and the underground station there is a large shopping and distribution passage, known as the B level . The underground station extends across the track axis of the main station in a south-north direction. The station has numerous exits via the large mezzanine level, for example to the halls of the main train station, to the tram stop in the middle of the street and to the adjacent streets Poststraße, Düsseldorfer Straße, Karlstraße, Taunusstraße , Münchener Straße and Mannheimer Straße, the largest with four parallel escalators and a wide fixed staircase leads to Kaiserstraße . It is one of the rare underground stations from which escalators lead down , in this case in the form of a direct transition to the S-Bahn station directly below. The S-Bahn station is on the D level
How the floors are counted
A level: terminus, tracks 1a and 1–24, travel center, exit downtown, Kaiserstraße (ground floor), access to the S-Bahn station.
B level: shopping, access and distribution level, access to the underground station and the S-Bahn station, stairs to the tram and bus stops.
C level: Hauptbahnhof underground station with 4 tracks, lines U4 and U5.
D-level: S-Bahn station Hauptbahnhof with 4 tracks (tracks 101-104) lines S1 – S6, S8 and S9, entrances to B-level, to C-level (underground) to the parking garage and to the main hall of the main station.
business
Hauptbahnhof is the only four-track underground station in Frankfurt. Since the intersecting lines B and D do not intersect orthogonally, but at an acute angle, it was decided to build a single, but four-track station with two central platforms instead of an underground tower station. It is driven in the direction of operation, i.e. H. the trains going north stop on the east platform , the opposite trains on the west.
The western outer and eastern inner track (track 1) uses the U4 line ( Bockenheimer Warte - Hauptbahnhof - Konstablerwache - Seckbacher Landstraße - Enkheim ) with destination Bornheim / Enkheim. The trips of the underground tram line U5 to and from Preungesheim and - on platform 3 - the line U4 with destination Bockenheim start and end on the two inner tracks (tracks 2 & 3) . The easternmost track (track 4) is unused and can only be used from the north as a stump track . Via simple track changes, which are located behind the station in the direction of travel, line U4 changes at moderate speed from the B to the D route or vice versa. In the direction of travel in front of the station there is no track connection between the two basic lines.
Construction work and expansion planning
With the fourth platform, the main station is the only Frankfurt underground station that still has a previously constructed but unused platform. Since the rapid transit hubs in the city center were built in one train, even if the last lines did not go into operation until many years later ( preliminary construction work ), there were unused tracks until about 1986 at the Hauptwache and Konstablerwache stations. The Hauptbahnhof station is thus the only one of the inner-city rapid transit hubs that is still unfinished.
Only parts of both routes have been implemented so far. So far, only the short section between the main station and Bockenheimer Warte has existed of the D route (apart from a section used by the U1 and U9 in north-west town). The continuation on the southern Main side to Niederrad will - if at all - be realized in the very distant future. The section to the west of the main station is missing from the B-route, which according to the original plan should lead through the Mainzer Landstrasse , according to the current plan through the Europaviertel . According to current planning, this situation will continue until the line to the Europaviertel is put into operation in 2019 and both route torsos will merge at the main station, so they will be served jointly by the U4 line.
There are still three of the original five tunnels that are part of two underground overpass structures in front of and behind the station. These short sections of the tunnel were built with the construction of the underground station and already have track systems so that they do not have to hinder ongoing operations when the route is later extended by the tunnel construction work. A double-track tunnel section of the B line connects to the north of the two inner tracks, which leads in Düsseldorfer Straße below the D line to Platz der Republik and ends there in a slight left curve. It is currently used as a turning system on the U5 line . A single-track tunnel tube connects to the south of the unused eastern track of the D line and leads above the B line in the direction of Wiesenhüttenplatz . A decommissioned Pt motorcar has been in this section of the tunnel since the beginning of 2009 and was made available to the Frankfurt fire brigade as a training object for tunnel exercises. Another single-track, somewhat longer tunnel connection is the continuation of the opposite western outer track of the D-line. There are already tracks here too. The switch of the track change, via which the U4 line changes towards the city center, is currently used as a protective switch to prevent trains on the U5 line from traveling across the flank . In this case, it would direct the train of the U4 line to the stump track in the tunnel socket.
history
The construction of the rapid transit junction under the main station was one of the largest transport projects in the city's history. The entire system was built in an open construction pit, i. H. the entire station square including the tram lines and the federal road 44 were closed for the underground station and the shopping level . For the construction pit of the four-track S-Bahn station, which is located perpendicular to the underground station, namely in the track axis of the main station, a large part of the historical reception building was removed and then rebuilt with the numbered and temporarily stored original stones.
The entire facility was opened on May 28, 1978, the most important day in recent Frankfurt traffic history. More important than the extension of the underground by just one station was the start of operation of the Frankfurt S-Bahn network and the first part of the underground inner-city route from the main station to the Hauptwache.
The opening of the underground station was connected with the closure of a ramp in Große Gallusstraße , over which underground trams had been led out of the A tunnel to street level for ten years and reached the main station via Taunusstraße. With the direct connection of the main train station to the subway network, this temporary solution was obsolete and could be abandoned.
The station has been served by the following lines since operations began:
- from May 28, 1978 from the previous B1 , which was renamed U5 on the same day (Hauptbahnhof - Preungesheim)
- from May 31, 1980 on the newly created line U4 (Hauptbahnhof - Seckbacher Landstraße). The U5 was withdrawn to Konstablerwache on the same day because their trams could not stop at the platforms that had been adapted for the new U4 vehicles .
- from 1998 the U5 drove back to the main station after a solution to the problem just mentioned had been found. For three years, both lines ended here together.
- Since February 10, 2001, the U4 has continued to Bockenheimer Warte, the main station has only been the terminus for the U5 since then.
| Frankfurt subway | ||
| Previous station | line | Next station |
|---|---|---|
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Willy-Brandt-Platz ← Enkheim / Seckbacher Ldstr. |
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Festhalle / Messe Bockenheimer Warte → |
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Willy-Brandt-Platz ← Preungesheim |
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final destination |
literature
- Jens Krakies, Frank Nagel: Stadtbahn Frankfurt am Main: A Documentation . 2nd Edition. Frankfurt am Main 1989, ISBN 3-923907-03-6 .
Web links
References and comments
- ↑ Reference point: intersection Neue Am Hauptbahnhof / Taunusstraße
- ↑ a b The depth refers to the floor or platform level
Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 28 ″ N , 8 ° 39 ′ 51 ″ E