Traffic regulation in Vienna

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In the 18th century, the various guards in Vienna were assigned tasks of traffic control for the first time .

18th century

For the first time, illegally parked vehicles in Vienna were allowed to be removed by the Rumorwache in 1706. Loading activities in narrow streets were also monitored.

The oldest known regulation against speeding dates back to 1755. The military guard was responsible for punishing the frenzied coachmen.

In the later 18th century (1775), the guards were given the right to regulate traffic with a show of hands or to temporarily prevent cars from continuing their journey.

The year 1785 brought an "official instruction" which was supposed to ensure uniform control of compliance with traffic regulations and measures to keep traffic flowing.

The problem of hit-and-run was also known . This should be solved with the introduction of vehicle numbering.

19th century

The beginning of the 19th century brought an increase in rental car traffic in Vienna through the Prater rides and the Vienna Congress , which made increased police regulations necessary. In 1819, fast-moving coachmen were threatened with arrest sentences.

A "speed limit for the local area", ie the city of Vienna and its suburbs, was decreed on January 28, 1858. Anyone who drove through the Hofburg or city ​​gates , over bridges or pedestrian crossings on the Ringstrasse was only allowed to “ trot ” at most and only “at a step ” on marketplaces . The number of the carriages made the work of the policemen easier.

When the “ Vienna Security Guard ” was founded on June 15, 1869 as a replacement for the military guard , it was also assigned ever more extensive transport policy tasks. In 1872, for example, a separate section was set up for the “handling of the regulations for the public wage wagon”.

The police in Vienna received reinforcement through traffic signs , mainly warning and prohibition signs.

New means of transport ( horse tramway, steam tramway and automobile ) made new measures necessary. In 1897, therefore, the “Automobile and Bicycle Regulations” were issued.

20th century

former traffic sign

In 1902 the regulation of traffic was regulated by show of hands. The first relevant instruction was issued in 1925, but it was replaced by the internationally used three-part signage in 1927.

In addition to the traffic policemen with their hands, the first governed from 1926 traffic signal traffic. This first traffic light with a crank switch was installed at the opera intersection on Vienna's Ringstrasse.

A book like the one published in 1914 by the “Allgemeine Sport-Zeitung” publishing house would be unthinkable today: “Die Wiener Auto-Numbers 1914: Directory of Viennese automobile owners with their addresses, sorted by identification numbers”.

In 1928, barrier chains were first used to better control pedestrian traffic.

The first roundabout in Vienna was set up at Michaelerplatz in 1927 , followed by the Praterstern in 1928. The first one-way lanes also date from this time .

The biggest change for road users in Vienna was on September 18, 1938. Once in parts already on July 1, 1938 in Upper Austria , the Styria , the southern Burgenland and Salzburg the right traffic was introduced, followed that day Vienna, Lower Austria , northern Burgenland , the area around Mariazell and the Kleinramingtal.

In October 1945, the then Viennese police chief was forced to warn the Viennese to cross the streets at right angles, to keep children from playing on the lanes and to provide first aid in the event of a traffic accident .

The increasing number of traffic accidents caused the Allied Command in Vienna to limit the maximum speed to 30 km / h on December 8, 1945. From December 18, military court rulings followed in the fight against traffic offenders, because in November 220 people were injured in Vienna alone.

In the first few years after the Second World War , driving in motor vehicles was restricted due to a lack of fuel. Such a measure was taken again in 1973 when fuel and heating oil became scarce in Europe due to the oil crisis after the Yom Kippur War . The Austrian Trade Minister Josef Staribacher introduced the "car-free day". They had to mark the day of the week on which the motorists were prepared to forego their vehicle with a label on the windshield. This earned the minister the nickname “Pickerl-Pepi”.

On February 16, 1949, a proclamation was published in the “Official Journal of the City of Vienna”, which brought about a new regulation of truck traffic in the 1st district. Among other things, trucks were not allowed to drive through the area within the Ringstrasse and Franz-Josefs-Kai. Access to loading activities was only permitted via the shortest route. Violations were punished with a fine of up to 1,000 schillings or arrest for up to four weeks.

On November 3, 1950, the first reciprocal parking ban in the Seilergasse between the Graben and the Kupferschmiedgasse was introduced in Vienna . It served to facilitate the flowing traffic and the machine road cleaning and snow removal. On even days you could only park on the side with the even house numbers and on odd days on the side with the odd house numbers. It was in effect from 10 p.m., from which point the rule from the next day applied until 6 a.m. Only in snow conditions did the rule apply all day. In 1963 it was reported that due to a lack of acceptance and difficulties encountered, it was dropped and the next system had been switched to.

From January 1, 1959, until March 15, a general rail road parking ban was in effect in Vienna in order to make it easier for trams to clear snow. In the event of moderate snowfall, the vehicles leaving parking spaces also brought snow onto the roadway, which blocked the rails again. At the end of the period, a year-round parking ban on rail roads was introduced, with the exception of marked parking spaces. The ordinance was repealed by the Constitutional Court on October 9, 1959, but remained in force until the next regulation. On April 5, 1960 it was decided that the rail parking ban between April 1 and December 14 between 5:00 am and 8:00 pm did not apply, and there was a list of exceptions - some half-page or a few houses - which all were to be marked as parking zones. The exceptions were extended twice in the same year. On October 17, 1968, the Constitutional Court ruled that the parking ban was unlawful until January 26, 1968, as the no-parking signs with the additional signs were too far away from the place-name signs at some town entrances. (The on-site meeting took place in 1966.) It was lifted in the mid-1980s or 1993.

In 1951 the first pedestrian traffic light in Vienna was installed in the 1st district at Stock-im-Eisen-Platz .

The first automatic, time-controlled traffic light system was put into operation in 1956 in the 4th district at the intersection of Argentinierstrasse and Gußhausstrasse.

The short-term parking zones , also known as the “blue zone” after the floor markings, have existed since the decision of the Viennese provincial government of February 3, 1959. They were initially implemented with a parking time of 60 minutes and parking discs in parts of the 1st district of Vienna from the 16. March of the same year. Up to 1964 there were 9 short-term parking zones in Vienna (mainly at train stations and in Mariahilfer Straße ), which were monitored by the police. From 1967, the Vienna Police Department took on so-called police officers . In addition to securing the way to school, their main task was to monitor the short-term parking zones.

In 1959, the green blinking at the end of the green phase was introduced for motorists. (This was introduced for pedestrian lights in the 1980s.)

After the traffic light signal systems had increased significantly since 1926, a "traffic control center" was put into operation in the Roßau barracks in 1962 . From here, 10 traffic lights in the area of ​​the Schottentor were initially controlled centrally. In addition, three cameras enabled traffic monitoring. In 2005 there were around 60 cameras throughout Vienna.

1971 brought another innovation to road users in Vienna: the so-called “Christmas Parade” was a pedestrian zone set up on a trial basis on Graben in Vienna's 1st district . This went back to the inner city concept by Victor Gruen .

On July 5, 1974, a parking meter law for short-term parking zones was passed. On January 21, 1975, the system with the " short-term parking tickets " was decided, which can be bought for half, one, one and a half and two hours and must be clearly visible on the vehicle after filling out. The system came into force on April 14, 1975.

In 1994 the last traffic light at the Technical Museum was switched from manual to automatic. The intersection at the end of Mariahilfer Strasse , with the extension of Penzinger Strasse and the Schloßallee crossing, is also a T-intersection with 3 tram lines. Line 10 drives through Schloßallee, but swings from the side into the middle of the lane in order to then drive under the bridge at Linzer Straße . Lines 52 and 58 come from Mariahilfer Straße and divide into both directions of Schloßallee, with the 58er crossing both lanes when turning. Due to the complexity of the large intersection, a traffic light in the middle of the intersection was not installed until the mid-1970s, when it became too dangerous and unhealthy for the police officers regulating the traffic. During the manually regulated time, the 58er coming from Schönbrunn had the unique tram sign "turn right at red". Since the changeover, the traffic light has been working by train control.

Since July 1, 1989, the monitoring of short-term parking zones has been the responsibility of the municipality of Vienna.

Since July 1, 1993, the entire 1st district of Vienna has been a paid short-term parking zone. This regulation was later extended to the districts within the belt as well as the 2nd and 20th districts of Vienna . Residents of these districts can park their motor vehicle in their own residential district against payment of an annual flat fee at no additional cost, but also without a legal right to a parking space (“parking sticker ”).

Since September 5, 1994, not only the monitoring of the short-term parking zones has been a matter for the municipality of Vienna, but also the monitoring of stationary traffic in general.

21st century

The year 2005 brought " Section Control " to drivers in Vienna. The speed in the Kaisermühlen tunnel on the A22 - Donauufer Autobahn is automatically monitored.

On January 1, 2008, a driving ban for trucks that were registered for the first time before January 1, 1992 came into force in the entire city area. Since January 1, 2016, the driving ban has also applied to trucks with the Euro 2 emissions standard and below.

In 2005, the short-term parking zone regulation crossed the belt for the first time, in the Grätzl around the Wiener Stadthalle in the 15th district of Vienna . In 2012, 2013 and 2016 the area-wide short-term parking zones were extended to the 12th , 14th , the entire 15th, 16th , 17th and 18th district. The 10th district of Vienna followed in 2017 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Austria. Bundespressedienst (Ed.): Austrian Yearbook , Volume 60. Printing and publishing of the Österr. Staatsdruckerei, 1958. p. 377
  2. ↑ a b German Association of Cities (ed.): The Association of Cities , Volume 16. W. Kohlhammer, 1963. P. 44
  3. ↑ LGBl. 16/1958: Ordinance of the Viennese provincial government of December 23, 1958, regarding special orders for the parking of vehicles on lanes with tram tracks. in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , issue 11, issued on December 30, 1958, p. 51 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  4. ↑ LGBl. 8/1959: Ordinance of the Viennese provincial government of March 10, 1959, regarding special regulations for parking vehicles on lanes with tram tracks. in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , issue 6, issued on March 14, 1959, p. 13 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  5. ↑ LGBl. 25/1959: Announcement of the Viennese provincial government of December 1, 1959, regarding the repeal of §§ 1, 2, 3 and 4 para. 1 of the ordinance of the Viennese provincial government of March 10, 1959, LGBl. For Vienna No. 8. in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , No. 16, published on December 12, 1959, p. 165 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  6. ↑ LGBl. 9/1960: Ordinance of the Viennese provincial government of April 5, 1960, regarding special orders for parking vehicles on lanes with tram tracks. in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , No. 4, published on April 11, 1960, p. 7 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  7. ↑ LGBl. 21/1960: Ordinance of the Viennese provincial government of August 17, 1960, which amends the ordinance of April 5, 1960, LGBl. For Vienna No. 9, regarding special regulations for parking vehicles on lanes with tram tracks. in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , No. 11, published on September 5, 1960, p. 43 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  8. ↑ LGBl. 29/1960: Ordinance of the Viennese provincial government of November 15, 1960, with which the ordinance of April 5, 1960, LGBl. For Vienna No. 9, regarding special regulations on parking vehicles on lanes with tram tracks, is amended. in: Landesgesetzblatt für Wien , No. 17, published on November 30, 1960, p. 60 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  9. ↑ LGBl. 1/1969: Announcement of the Viennese provincial government of January 7, 1969 on the ruling of the Constitutional Court that the ordinance of the Vienna Magistrate of June 12, 1961, Zl. MA 70-II / 69/61, regarding the prohibition of parking on lanes with tram tracks in the local area of ​​Vienna, was illegal. in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , No. 1, issued on January 21, 1969, p. 1 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  10. ^ Collection of the findings of the Constitutional Court. New episode. No. 5824/1968, p. 696 (VfGH Zl. V. 37 / 67-2412 of October 17, 1968, online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  11. ↑ ARBÖ-Note: In Vienna there has been no railroad parking ban during snowfall for years , ots.at, January 22, 1998 (Note: According to a source from 1963, the reciprocal parking ban was no longer an issue because the railroad parking ban was no longer an issue would have.)
  12. ↑ LGBl. 5/1959: Ordinance of the Viennese provincial government of February 3, 1959, regarding special regulations for parking vehicles in parts of the 1st district of Vienna (short-term parking zone). in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , 4th issue, issued on March 7, 1959, p. 9 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  13. ↑ LGBl. 47/1974: Act of 5 July 1974 on the regulation of the use of roads by parked multi-lane vehicles (Parkometer Act). in: Landesgesetzblatt für Wien , No. 35, published on October 3, 1974, p. 93 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  14. ↑ LGBl. 5/1975: Ordinance of the Vienna provincial government of January 21, 1975 on the introduction of the time card parking meter system . in: Provincial Law Gazette for Vienna , No. 3, issued on January 30, 1975 ( online at alex.onb.ac.at )
  15. ↑ Mail from Municipal Department 33 - WIEN LEUCHTET dated August 23, 2011
  16. ↑ § 5 of the ordinance of the Governor of Vienna, with which measures to reduce the immission of air pollutants PM10 and NO2 according to the Immission Control Act - Air are taken (IG-L catalog of measures 2005) as amended by LGBl. 47/2005.
  17. ↑ ( IG-L catalog of measures 2005 ).