Wilhelm von Debschitz
Wilhelm Siegfried Kurt von Debschitz (* February 21, 1871 in Görlitz ; † March 10, 1948 in Lüneburg , Lower Saxony ) was a painter , interior designer , craftsman , art teacher and director of his own arts and crafts school in Munich , the Debschitz School named after him .
family
Debschitz came from the old Upper Lusatian noble family Debschitz and was the third child of the royal Prussian lieutenant general Kolmar von Debschitz and Pauline von dem Borne (1830–1912, Haus Berneuchen, Kr. Landsberg ).
He married for the first time on August 16, 1898 in Görlitz the photographer Wanda von Kunowski (1870–1935), the daughter of the royal Prussian major August von Kunowski and Helene von Bethe. Wanda was a well-known portrait photographer at the time . This marriage, in which the daughter Wanda von Debschitz (1899-1986) was born, was divorced in July 1924.
The second time Debschitz married on September 19, 1924 in Lüneburg (Lower Saxony) Hedwig Naumann (born October 11, 1880 in Lüneburg; † January 14, 1947 ibid).
Life
Debschitz was educated in the Prussian cadet corps , but dropped out of officer training to become a painter . For this purpose he made the mandatory study trips through Tyrol and Italy as an autodidact .
In 1890/1891 he went to Munich, took drawing lessons from Heinrich Knirr and took suggestions from the German romantics Moritz von Schwind (1804–1871) and Ludwig Richter (1803–1884). In Munich in 1895 he also made the acquaintance of his future first wife Wanda.
Later he turned under the influence of modern British Morris and Crane the illustrative work and crafts on draft. One of his more important works of this type was the decoration of a pavilion with representations from the Sleeping Beauty fairy tale in sgraffito design (wall painting).
In 1899 he took part in the exhibition of the Bavarian Arts and Crafts Association and in 1901 in the first exhibition for arts and crafts in Munich.
In 1900 Debschitz was a teacher at the Munich branch of the Scherbeck weaving school . Then he was offered the directorate of the United Workshops for Art in Crafts , which he refused and instead set up the teaching and experimental studio for applied and fine arts in 1902 with the Swiss Hermann Obrist , a teacher at this school, which later only after him alone named Debschitz School .
In addition to some artistic work, Debschitz was largely concerned with the management of the school, which he - probably also because of financial difficulties - in 1914 to a consortium of artists under Fritz Schmoll von Eisenwerth (1883-1963), the younger brother of Karl Schmoll von Eisenwerth (1879 –1948), sold. In 1910/11 and 1913 Debschitz had already temporarily transferred the management of the school to Schmoll for health reasons.
From 1902 to 1914 Debschitz and his school were members of the influential Bavarian Arts and Crafts Association. In 1906 he received a gold medal. In 1909 he was a member of the German Werkbund .
After the sale of his art school, Debschitz took the post of director of the city's crafts and applied arts school in 1914 , which he had to give up in 1921 after a long and serious illness. During this time (1916) Debschitz was a co-founder of the Kestner Society in Hanover.
Despite his own progressive ideas about training, he remained very conservative and, while still working in Hanover, had great prejudices against training women in a profession.
During these years Debschitz published several essays as periodicals , including " Decorative Art ".
From 1922 to 1929 he lived in Bernau in the Black Forest and mainly worked on textile design . He spent the last years of his life in Lüneburg, the hometown of his second wife Hedwig, from 1945 in the Lüne monastery .
Publications
His drawings were published in the following publications (incomplete):
- Exhibition catalog: Paul Klee, “Das Frühwerk” , Munich December 1979 – March 1980.
- Heinrich Moser, Ulrich Kollbrunner (ed.): Jugendland , drawing "The first step". A book for the young world and its friends, Gebrüder Künzli Verlag, Zurich, Munich, Paris, Turin, Barcelona 1907.
- Willy Oskar Dressler: Art Yearbook , Handbook of German Art Care (including German Austria and German Switzerland) and ranking list of German visual artists, art scholars and art writers. Anniversary edition for the reign of Sr. Majesty Kaiser Wilhelm II., Verlag von Dressler's Art Yearbook, Rostock 1913.
- Brothers Grimm: Children's fairy tales , Stroefer Verlag, Nuremberg around 1910.
- Roland In-der-Aue and Theodor Stroefer: Fairy tales and sagas treasure. A collection of the most beautiful fairy tales, sagas, legends, etc. , Stroefer Verlag, Nuremberg without a year.
- Kathryn Bloom Hiesinger (ed.): The Masters of Munich Art Nouveau , catalog for the exhibition in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-7913-0887-4
- Die Kunst , monthly journals for free and applied arts. Applied arts, the "decorative arts". Volume 10, Vol. VII, 1903-1904, Bruckmann Verlag, Munich 1904.
literature
- Debschitz, Wilhelm von . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 25, Saur, Munich a. a. 2000, ISBN 3-598-22765-5 , p. 83.
- Ewald Bender: Debschitz, Wilhelm von . In: Ulrich Thieme (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 8 : Coutan-Delattre . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1912, p. 510 ( Text Archive - Internet Archive ).
- Debschitz, Wilhelm von . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 1 : A-D . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1953, p. 528 f .
- Genealogical manual of the nobility , noble houses A. Volume XXIV, Volume 111 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1996, ISSN 0435-2408 .
- Willy Oskar Dressler: Dressler art manual. The book of the living German artists, archeologists, art scholars and art writers. 1921.
- PAN magazine: The Schools of Art Nouveau. Issue 6/1988.
- Magazine collector's journal. Issue 8/1993.
- Emil Nolde: On art in our time. Thoughts on the occasion of the Emil Nolde exhibition. In it: Wilhelm von Debschitz: A conversation , Kestner Society, Hanover 1918.
- Seefeld Castle at Polsensee in Bavaria. 10 views on 4 pages with an article by Wilhelm von Debschitz, original wood engraving from 1898.
- The pelican. Announcements from Pelikan-Werke G. Wagner Hannover & Vienna, No. 9/1920, with 2 contributions by Wilhelm von Debschitz, Hannover 1920.
Web links
- Wilhelm von Debschitz , entry in the central estate database of the German Federal Archives , accessed on October 13, 2012
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Debschitz, Wilhelm von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Debschitz, Wilhelm Siegfried Kurt von (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German painter, designer and art teacher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 21, 1871 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Görlitz , Province of Silesia |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 10, 1948 |
| Place of death | Lueneburg , Lower Saxony |