VR in the Schools, a peer-reviewed publication of the Virtual Reality and Education Laboratory (VREL) , published by East Carolina University , distributed in both print and electronic versions. Permission is granted to reproduce and/or electronically distribute this journal in its entirety and without cost. Currently, VR in the Schools is an occasional publication, usually published only in electronic form. The current co-editors are Dr. Veronica S. Pantelidis and Mr. David C. Vinciguerra.
Virtual reality is the computer-generated simulation of a real or an imagined environment or world. It can be graphics based (e.g., a walk-through of a building) or text based (e.g., a description of a city where participants can interact with one another). Virtual reality has the potential to change the way we learn. The question that VR in the Schools attempts to answer is how can this new medium be incorporated productively into the learning process?

Virtual Reality Uses

The development of model virtual reality applications suited to education uses, particularly in kindergarten through grade twelve (K-12), is largely unexplored territory. Still, military, government, and industry training programs have employed simulations using some form of virtual reality for years. Interest is growing around the world in the use of virtual reality in education.
VR in the Schools was created as a free resource to educators and practitioners to distribute information on how virtual reality can be used in the schools.

Editors

Dr. Veronica Pantelidis

Professor/Co-Director VREL
Department of Library Science and Instructional Technology
College of Education
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina, 27858-4353 U.S.A.

Mr. David C. Vinciguerra

VR Instructor/Co-Director VREL/Department Instructional Technology Consultant
Department of Library Science and Instructional Technology
College of Education
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina, 27858-4353 U.S.A.

Dr. Lawrence Auld

Associate Professor/Co-Director VREL Emeritus
Retired from the School of Communication
in the College of Fine Arts and Communication
East Carolina University
Greenville, North Carolina, 27858-4353 U.S.A

Editorial Advisors

Dr. Tassos Mikropoulos, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
Dr. Melissa M. Selverian, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Ms. Debra S. Pylypiw, Art Educator, White Oak High School, Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA

Publications

Volume 6, Number 1

Virtual Reality Pumpkin-Carving Lesson to Identify Spatial Shapes

and 3-Dimensional Geometric Objects, by Jennifer L. Barnes and David C. Vinciguerra

Creating 3-Dimensional Anaglyphic Interactive Virtual Environments

with 3Space Assistant, by David C. Vinciguerra

Volume 5, Number 2

Inexpensive and Potentially Effective Virtual Realty Hardware P5 Virtual 3D Controller,

by David Vinciguerra

Volume 5, Number 1

Introducing Students to VR Using Internet Space Builder, by David Vinciguerra
A Low Cost Virtual Reality Lab Solution - A Student Test Lab, by Debra S. Pylypiw

Volume 4, Number 3

Introducing Primary Students to VR with Do 3D, by David Ainge
"Cruising Down the Nile", by Lynne Cox

Volume 4, Number 2

A Review of Experimental Research on Virtual Reality in Special Education: The Status of the Dream, by Mike Cass and M. D. Roblyer

Volume 4, Number 1

"Immersing" Students in the Curriculum, by Ray Krenek
South Greenville Elementary School's Second Virtual Reality Project, by Christine Stangel and Lawrence Auld

Volume 3, Number 4

VLT: A Virtual environment for learning Chinese , by Tom De Paepe and others

Volume 3, Number 3

This issue features a selection of virtual environments created by East Carolina University students and faculty.

Volume 3, Number 2

VR and Creative Imagination: Philosophical Aspects, by Angela Bilia

Volume 3, Number 1

Virtual Kits: A Proposal for Helping Students to Construct Virtual Worlds, by David Ainge
A Preferable Pedagogic Mission of Using Virtual Reality (VR) in Schools' Curricula: An Imen-Delphi (ID) Exercise With a Group of Scholars and Developers, by Aviva Sharbat
Educational Uses of Virtual Reality Technology - Executive Summary, by Christine Youngblut
VRE and Neoterra Technologies, by Michael Galloway
VRET '98: International Conference and Exhibition, City University, London, UK - July 7-9, 1998, by Mike Bevan
Including Text in Virtual Environments, by Lawrence Auld
The Effects of Using Virtual Reality to Teach Students Computer Hardware - Abstract, by William Travis
Get Real: A Philosophical Adventure in Virtual Reality, by Philip Zhai. Brief Notice and Review by Lawrence Auld
Virtual Reality (VR) As an Instructional Aid: A Model for Determining When to Use VR, by Veronica S. Pantelidis

Volume 2, Number 4

Virtual Environments for Learning: A Special Issue of PRESENCE, by J. Michael Moshell and William Winn, Editors
Introduction to Virtual Reality Through Music, by Lynne Cox
Virtual Reality Education Association (VREA)
Designing Virtual Environments for Instruction: Concepts and Considerations, by Carola Salis and Veronica S. Pantelidis
Virtual Reality in Education & Training '97 (VRET '97) June 24-26, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK, a report by Veronica S. Pantelidis
3rd Panhellenic Conference with International Participation. Didactics of Mathematics & Informatics in Education. Didactics of Mathematics and Informatics in Science Teaching
Hardware and Software Mentioned in This Issue
South Greenville Elementary School Virtual Reality Project, by Christine Stangel and Veronica S. Pantelidis
The Effect of Desktop VR on the Spatial Ability of Pre-Adolescents, by Tom Philleo

Volume 2, Number 3

A Virtual Laser Physics Laboratory, by David J. Brown, Tassos A. Mikropoulos, and Steven J. Kerr
North Carolina Competency-Based Curriculum Objectives and Virtual Reality: Mathematics, by Veronica S. Pantelidis
Solar System Simulation, by Reed D. Riner
News Note re Chris Dede

Volume 2, Number 2

Virtual Geography, by Tassos Anastassios Mikropoulos
Technological Diagnostic Learning Centers, by Marion J. Wolsey
Educators and NCSA Collaborate on VR in Education, by Barbara A. Andersen, Carol Engelmann, and Elaine Westbrook
North Carolina Competency-Based Curriculum Objectives and Virtual Reality: Communication Skills, Science, and Social Science, by Veronica S. Pantelidis
Cyberspace Pictures

Volume 2, Number 1

VR and History - Some Findings and Thoughts, by Jonathan Grove
Introducing Primary Students to VR With Virtus WalkThrough: Two Pilot Studies, by David Ainge
GrassRoots, Catalyst for Change: A FAQ Prepared by Ann K. Parson and Bob Zenhausern
Suggestions on When to Use and When Not to Use Virtual Reality in Education, by Veronica S. Pantelidis
Using a PowerGlove - Picture
VR Hardware Mentioned in This Issue

Volume 1, Number 4

Grade-Six Students' Recall of Detail: Vr Compared with Photographs, by David Ainge
VESAMOTEX--Virtual Education Science and Math of Texas, by Marcia Talkmitt
Virtual reality Brings Literature to Life at Haywood Community College, by Juanita Keller Stock
Scientific Concretization; Relevance to the Visually Impaired Student, by Stewart Dickson
QuickTime VR and English as a Second Language, by Bob Trueman
Virtual Language and Culture Reality (VLCR), by Peter Zohrab
Ideas From New Zealand, by Bruce Carey
VR Hardware Mentioned in This Issue
VR Software Mentioned in This Issue
Virtual Reality Concentration in MAEd Program

Volume 1, Number 3

What is Virtual Reality?
Using Virtual Environments in Special Education, by John Cromby, Penny Standen, and David Brown
Increasing Research and Development of Virtual Reality in Education and Special Education: What About Mental Retardation? by Melissa Salem Darrow
Historic Murfreesboro Project, by Lynn Norris
Text-Based VR: Thoughts After Visiting Alaska (Virtually), by John Leone
Is VR Really Useful in the Schools??? Or How to Plug it In??? by Andreas Schaefer
Virtual Reality at the University of Melbourne, Australia, by John P. Costella
Virtual Reality - Its Coming Challenge to Education, Gonzalo Velez Jahn
Adult Students' Reactions to Low-Cost VR, by Andreas Schaefer and Karsten Wassermann
Using Virtual Reality to Teach Local History, by Veronica S. Pantelidis
Haywood Community College's VR Lab Grows, by Tony Gaddis
Experiencing a Real Exam in a Virtual World, by Alan D. Evans
Differences Between 3D Computing and Virtual Reality, by Lawrence Auld
Hardware Mentioned in This Issue
Software Mentioned in This Issue

Volume 1, Number 2

What is Virtual Reality
Virtual Reality and Education: Where Imagination and Experience Meet, by Kimberley M. Osberg
VR in New Zealand, by Bruce Carey
Book Review: Tiffin, John, and Lalita Rajasingham. In Search of the Virtual Class. (London and New York: Routledge, 1995. 204 pp.) Review by Veronica S. Pantelidis
VR in the United Kingdom: A Greek History VR Project, by Jonathan Grove
Fifteen VR-Schools Teachers
A-Mazing Maze, by Gene Hendershot
Text-Based VR:
Grassroots, A New Educational MOO, by Bob Zenhausern, Ph.D.
What is a MOO?
MundoHispano, by Lonnie Turbee
Updated Resource List Now Available
VR in the Schools First Issue Available
Virtus Player and Virtus WalkThrough VRML
Graphics-Based VR
Virtual Environment Science Laboratory (VESLTM), by Ken Nemire
Virtual Reality Taught at Haywood Community College, by Tony Gaddis
Science Fair Award for VR Project, by Gloria R. King
Initial Thoughts on Using Virtus WalkThrough Pro, by John Ouelette
Making a Place, by David Warlick
Hardware and Software Mentioned in This Newsletter
Planning Your Virtual Reality Lab, by Tony Gaddis

Volume 1, Number 1

The Virtual Reality and Education Laboratory
What is Virtual Reality?
Virtual Reality Becomes Reality, by Bob Trueman
Virtual Reality in Australia, by Dr. David Ainge
Virtual Reality in Greece, by Dr. Tassos A. Mikropoulos
Christa McAuliffe Fellowship Features Virtual Reality, by Marcia J. Talkmitt
Changing Dimensions in System Interfaces, by Dr. Lawrence Auld
Virtually Experienced! A One-Month Practicum at VREL, May 2-June 1, 1995, by Karsten Wassermann
Materials Available From VREL
Virtual Reality and Schools Project
Virtual Reality and Schools project Reports, by Janet McLendon, Debi Hamill, Fred Bisel, and Rich Gallo
Reasons to Use Virtual Reality in Education, by Dr. Veronica S. Pantelidis
Software Mentioned in This Newsletter

External Links

VR in the Schools