Vasco Uva and Srbosjek: Difference between pages

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[[Image:jasenovac11.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The srbosjek was worn over the hand and was used by the [[Ustaše]] militia for the quick slaughter of inmates in concentration camps.]]
{{Infobox Rugby biography
| name = Vasco Uva
| image = [[Image:Vasco Uva.jpg|200px]]
| caption =
| birthname = Vasco Nuno Barata Sousa Uva
| nickname =
| dateofbirth = {{birth date and age|1982|12|15}}
| placeofbirth = [[Lisbon]], [[Portugal]]
| dateofdeath =
| placeofdeath =
| height = {{height|m=1.87}}
| weight = {{convert|98|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| ru_position = {{number 8|capital=yes}}
| ru_amateuryears = 2005-2006<br>2006-2008
| ru_amateurclubs = [[Belenenses]]<br>[[Grupo Desportivo Direito|Direito]]
| ru_amupdate =
| ru_nationalteam = [[Portugal national rugby union team|Portugal]]
| ru_nationalyears = 2004 -
| ru_nationalcaps = 45
| ru_nationalpoints = (35)
| ru_ntupdate =
| ru_clubyears = 2008-
| ru_proclubs = [[Montpellier Hérault]]
| ru_clubcaps =
| ru_clubpoints =
| ru_clubupdate =
| ru_sevensnationalyears =
| ru_sevensnationalteam =
| ru_sevensnationalcomp =
| ru_sevensupdate =
| other =
| occupation =
| family =
| spouse =
| children =
| relatives = [[Gonçalo Uva]], [[João Uva]]
| school =
| university = [[Catholic University of Portugal]], [[Lisbon]]
}}
'''Vasco Nuno Barata Sousa Uva''' (born [[15 December]] [[1982]] in [[Lisbon]]) is a [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[rugby union]] [[player (game)|player]]. He plays as a {{number 8}}. In Portugal he played for [[Grupo Desportivo Direito]], until he was assigned, in January 2008 for the professional team of [[Montpellier Hérault RC]], in [[France]].


'''Srbosjek''' (literally "Serb cutter" in [[Croatian language|Croatian]] and [[Serbian language|Serbian]], often referred to as "cutthroat") was a specially designed knife used by the [[Ustaše]] during [[World War II]] for the speedy killing of prisoners in the concentration camps of the Nazi-puppet [[Independent State of Croatia]] (NDH), most notably the [[Jasenovac concentration camp]]. The victims were [[Serbs]], [[Jews]], and [[Roma people|Roma]], imprisoned on "ethnic" grounds, and significant numbers of [[Croats]], imprisoned on the grounds that they were [[Yugoslav Partisans|Partisan]] resistance members, or on the suspicion of taking part in anti-fascist activities.<ref>David M. Kennedy, Margaret E. Wagner, Linda Barrett Osborne, Susan Reyburn, ''The Library of Congress World War II Companion'' (Simon and Schuster, 2007), pages 640, 646-47, page 683: <blockquote>At Jasenovac, a series of camps in Croatia, the ultranationalist, right-wing Ustasha murdered Serbs, Jews, Gypsies, Muslims, and political opponents not by gassing, but with hand tools or the infamous graviso or srbosjek (literally, "Serb cutter") - a long, curved knife attached to a partial glove and designed for rapid, easy killing.</blockquote> </ref>
He took his Law degree at the [[Catholic University of Portugal]], in Lisbon, and he worked as a lawyer until after the [[2007 Rugby World Cup]] finals.


Preferring to cut the throats of their concentration camp prisoners instead of gassing them, the Ustaše required a special tool. The knife was manufactured during World War II by German factory [[Gebrüder Gräfrath]] from [[Solingen|Solingen-Widderit]] under a special order from the NDH government.<ref name="dedijer">Vladimir Dedijer (Editor), Harvey L. Kendall (Translator), ''The Yugoslav Auschwitz and the Vatican: The Croatian Massacre of the Serbs During World War II'' (Prometheus Books. July 1992)</ref>. Gebrüder Gräfrath was taken over in 1961 by [[Hubertus Solingen]] <ref>http://www.888knivesrus.com/category/.allbrands.hubertussolingen/</ref>.
He was the captain of the [[Portugal national rugby union team|Portugal national team]] in three of the four games at the [[2007 Rugby World Cup]] finals. He was voted as Man of the Match in the 56-10 loss to Scotland. He commanded his team extremely well against New Zealand’s All Blacks, but he fractured his hand against [[Italy]] and missed the last game of the RWC with Romania.


The upper part of the srbosjek is made of leather, as a sort of a glove, designed to be worn with the thumb going through the hole, so that only the blade protrudes from the hand. It was a curved, 12 cm long knife with the edge on its concave side. The knife was fastened to a bowed oval copper plate, while the plate was fastened to a thick leather bangle. There was inscription ''"Gräwiso"'' on the leather part of the knife, and the knife was also known as the "graviso knife" because of this. The blade is curved in order to make it easier to slit the throat of the victim, following the curvature of the neck.<ref name="dedijer" /><ref>Taborišče smrti--Jasenovac by Nikola Nikolić (author), Jože Zupančić (translator),Založba "Borec", Ljubljana 1969 <br> ''The knife described on page 72:'' 'Na koncu noža, tik bakrene ploščice, je bilo z vdolbnimi črkami napisano "Grafrath gebr. Solingen", na usnju pa reliefno vtisnjena nemška tvrtka "Graeviso" '<br>''Picture of the knife with description on page 73:'' 'Posebej izdelan nož, ki so ga ustaši uporabljali pri množičnih klanjih. Pravili so mu "kotač" - kolo - in ga je izdelovala nemška tvrtka "Graeviso" '</ref><ref>Für die Richtigkeit: Kurt Waldheim by Hanspeter Born Schneekluth, 1987
After the RWC he co-wrote ''Hoje é por Portugal'' (''Today is For Portugal'') (his quote before the first game against Scotland), a book that relates everything that this amateur team, and himself as the captain, lived before the qualifications and during this major sportive and professional event of their lives.
ISBN 3795110556, 9783795110550, page 65<br>''Beliebt war das sogar wettbewerbsmäßig organisierte Kehledurchschneiden mit einem speziellen Krumm-messer Marke Gräviso.''</ref> Thus, the Srbosjek knife was designed to kill as fast as possible and with as little fatigue as possible.<ref name="colic">Dr Mladen Colic, ''Takozvana NDH'', (Deltapres, Beograd 1973)</ref>


In the [[Jasenovac]] concentration camp competitions in speedy slaughter were organized by the Ustaše. The winner of one such competition, [[Petar Brzica]] slit the throats of 1,360 prisoners and won the competition.<ref name="blum">Howard Blum, ''Wanted! : The Search for Nazis in America'', (Quadrangle/New York Times Book Co. 1977)<!-- page needed! -->. </ref>
Vasco Uva plays currently for [[Montpellier Hérault RC]] in the top division of French rugby, the [[Top 14]] with is brother [[Gonçalo Uva]].


==See also==
He was replaced as the capitan of the "Lobos" by [[João Correia]] before the match played with [[Russia national rugby union team|Russia]], at [[1 March]], which resulted in a 26-41 loss.
*[[Jasenovac concentration camp]]
*[[Independent State of Croatia]]
*[[Ustaše]]
*[[Yugoslav People's Liberation War]]


==References==
He counts 45 caps for Portugal National Team, with 7 tries scored, 35 points in aggregate, by May 2008.
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
{{Portugal Squad 2007 World Cup}}
*http://www.un.org/icty/transe9/021206ED.htm
{{Montpellier Hérault RC squad}}
*[http://www.arhivrs.org/jasenovac6.asp Photos from the Archiv of Republika Srpska]


==Bibliography==
{{DEFAULTSORT:Uva, Vasco}}
*Ladislaus Hory and Martin Broszat: Der kroatische Ustascha-Staat, 1941-1945 Stuttgart, 1964
⚫
[[Category:1982 births]]
*Dave Hunt: Die Frau und das Tier Geschichte, Gegenwart und Zukunft der römischen Kirche © 1994 by Dave Hunt, Herausgegeben von Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, Oregon - Das Abschlachten der Serben Chapter, pages 289-301
⚫
[[Category:Living people]]
* The Vatican's Holocaust by Avro Manhattan Ozark Books 1988 or [http://www.reformation.org/holocaus.html online]
[[Category:Portuguese rugby union footballers]]
* 44 mjeseca u Jasenovcu by Egon Berger Publisher: Graficki Zavod Hrvatske, Zagreb 1966
⚫
[[Category:Rugby union Number 8s]]


[[Category:Anti-Serbian sentiment]]
{{portugal-sport-bio-stub}}
⚫
[[Category:Weapons of Croatia]]
{{rugbyunion-bio-stub}}
⚫
[[Category:Knives]]
[[Category:World War II weapons]]
[[Category:Execution equipment]]
[[Category:Independent State of Croatia]]
⚫
[[Category:Genocide]]


[[fr:Vasco Uva]]
[[bg:Сърбосек]]
[[pt:Vasco Uva]]
[[pl:Srbosjek]]
[[ru:Сербосек]]
[[sr:Србосјек]]
[[sv:Srbosjek]]

Revision as of 00:47, 14 October 2008

The srbosjek was worn over the hand and was used by the Ustaše militia for the quick slaughter of inmates in concentration camps.

Srbosjek (literally "Serb cutter" in Croatian and Serbian, often referred to as "cutthroat") was a specially designed knife used by the Ustaše during World War II for the speedy killing of prisoners in the concentration camps of the Nazi-puppet Independent State of Croatia (NDH), most notably the Jasenovac concentration camp. The victims were Serbs, Jews, and Roma, imprisoned on "ethnic" grounds, and significant numbers of Croats, imprisoned on the grounds that they were Partisan resistance members, or on the suspicion of taking part in anti-fascist activities.[1]

Preferring to cut the throats of their concentration camp prisoners instead of gassing them, the Ustaše required a special tool. The knife was manufactured during World War II by German factory Gebrüder Gräfrath from Solingen-Widderit under a special order from the NDH government.[2]. Gebrüder Gräfrath was taken over in 1961 by Hubertus Solingen [3].

The upper part of the srbosjek is made of leather, as a sort of a glove, designed to be worn with the thumb going through the hole, so that only the blade protrudes from the hand. It was a curved, 12 cm long knife with the edge on its concave side. The knife was fastened to a bowed oval copper plate, while the plate was fastened to a thick leather bangle. There was inscription "Gräwiso" on the leather part of the knife, and the knife was also known as the "graviso knife" because of this. The blade is curved in order to make it easier to slit the throat of the victim, following the curvature of the neck.[2][4][5] Thus, the Srbosjek knife was designed to kill as fast as possible and with as little fatigue as possible.[6]

In the Jasenovac concentration camp competitions in speedy slaughter were organized by the Ustaše. The winner of one such competition, Petar Brzica slit the throats of 1,360 prisoners and won the competition.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ David M. Kennedy, Margaret E. Wagner, Linda Barrett Osborne, Susan Reyburn, The Library of Congress World War II Companion (Simon and Schuster, 2007), pages 640, 646-47, page 683:

    At Jasenovac, a series of camps in Croatia, the ultranationalist, right-wing Ustasha murdered Serbs, Jews, Gypsies, Muslims, and political opponents not by gassing, but with hand tools or the infamous graviso or srbosjek (literally, "Serb cutter") - a long, curved knife attached to a partial glove and designed for rapid, easy killing.
  2. ^ a b Vladimir Dedijer (Editor), Harvey L. Kendall (Translator), The Yugoslav Auschwitz and the Vatican: The Croatian Massacre of the Serbs During World War II (Prometheus Books. July 1992)
  3. ^ http://www.888knivesrus.com/category/.allbrands.hubertussolingen/
  4. ^ Taborišče smrti--Jasenovac by Nikola Nikolić (author), Jože Zupančić (translator),Založba "Borec", Ljubljana 1969
    The knife described on page 72: 'Na koncu noža, tik bakrene ploščice, je bilo z vdolbnimi črkami napisano "Grafrath gebr. Solingen", na usnju pa reliefno vtisnjena nemška tvrtka "Graeviso" '
    Picture of the knife with description on page 73: 'Posebej izdelan nož, ki so ga ustaši uporabljali pri množičnih klanjih. Pravili so mu "kotač" - kolo - in ga je izdelovala nemška tvrtka "Graeviso" '
  5. ^ Für die Richtigkeit: Kurt Waldheim by Hanspeter Born Schneekluth, 1987 ISBN 3795110556, 9783795110550, page 65
    Beliebt war das sogar wettbewerbsmäßig organisierte Kehledurchschneiden mit einem speziellen Krumm-messer Marke Gräviso.
  6. ^ Dr Mladen Colic, Takozvana NDH, (Deltapres, Beograd 1973)
  7. ^ Howard Blum, Wanted! : The Search for Nazis in America, (Quadrangle/New York Times Book Co. 1977).

External links

Bibliography

  • Ladislaus Hory and Martin Broszat: Der kroatische Ustascha-Staat, 1941-1945 Stuttgart, 1964
  • Dave Hunt: Die Frau und das Tier Geschichte, Gegenwart und Zukunft der römischen Kirche © 1994 by Dave Hunt, Herausgegeben von Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, Oregon - Das Abschlachten der Serben Chapter, pages 289-301
  • The Vatican's Holocaust by Avro Manhattan Ozark Books 1988 or online
  • 44 mjeseca u Jasenovcu by Egon Berger Publisher: Graficki Zavod Hrvatske, Zagreb 1966
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