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===[[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]]===
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{{REMOVE THIS TEMPLATE WHEN CLOSING THIS AfD|T}}
{{for|other projects of the same name|Big Dig}}
[[Image:Mhs logo.gif|thumb|Metropolitan Highway System]]
The '''Big Dig''' is the unofficial name of the '''Central Artery/Tunnel Project''' ('''CA/T'''), a [[megaproject]] that rerouted the [[Central Artery]] ([[Interstate 93]]), the chief [[highway]] through the heart of [[Boston, Massachusetts]], into a 3.5 mile (5.6&nbsp;km) tunnel under the city. The project also included the construction of the [[Ted Williams Tunnel]] (extending [[Interstate 90]] to [[Logan International Airport]]), the [[Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge]] over the [[Charles River]], and the [[Rose Kennedy Greenway]] in the space vacated by the previous I-93 elevated roadway. Initially, the plan was also to include a [[North-South Rail Link|rail connection]] between Boston's two major train terminals. The project concluded on [[December 31]], [[2007]], when the partnership between program manager [[Bechtel]]/[[Parsons Brinckerhoff]] and the [[Massachusetts Turnpike Authority]] ended.<ref name="enddate">{{cite news |first=Steve |last=LeBlanc |title=On December 31, It's Official: Boston's Big Dig Will Be Done |publisher=The Washington Post |date=2007-12-26 |accessdate=2007-12-26 |url=http://washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/12/25/AR2007122500600.html?nav=hcmoduletmv }}</ref>


:{{la|Centrifugal force (planar motion)}} (<span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Centrifugal force (planar motion)|wpReason={{urlencode: [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Centrifugal force (planar motion)]]}}&action=delete}} delete]</span>) – <includeonly>([[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Centrifugal force (planar motion)|View AfD]])</includeonly><noinclude>([[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2008 October 10#{{anchorencode:Centrifugal force (planar motion)}}|View log]])</noinclude>
==Overview==
This article is scoped, defined and edited to be purely and simply a [[WP:FORK|Content fork]] of [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]. It consists of material that was deleted from that original article. - ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 22:52, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
The project was initiated because of chronic congestion on the Central Artery (I-93), an elevated six-lane highway through the center of downtown Boston, which was, in the words of Pete Sigmund, "like a funnel full of slowly-moving, or stopped, cars (and swearing motorists)."<ref name="CEG">{{cite news |first=Pete |last=Sigmund |url=http://cegltd.com/story.asp?story=8751&headline=Triumph,%20Tragedy%20Mark%20Boston%E2%80%99s%20Big%20Dig%20Project |title=Triumph, Tragedy Mark Boston's Big Dig Project |publisher=Construction Equipment Guide |date=[[2007-06-06]] |accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>
::This AfD requires an expert in the subject. '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|<font color="blue">Schmidt,</font>]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|<b><sup><small>MICHAEL Q.</small></sup></b>]]'' 23:23, 10 October 2008 (UTC)


::I am opposed to deletion; this article is ''not'' a [[Wikipedia:Content_forking|content fork]]; see the discussion below and look at the article itself. There is very little overlap, neither in topics, nor figures, nor equations. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 00:03, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
In 1959, the 1.5-mile-long (2.4&nbsp;km) road section carried approximately 75,000 vehicles a day, but by the 1990s, this had grown to 190,000 vehicles a day. Traffic jams of 16 hours were predicted for 2010.<ref name="MTA">{{cite news |url=http://www.masspike.com/bigdig/background/history.html |title=History of the Central Artery/Tunnel Project |publisher=Massachusetts Turnpike Authority |accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>


:::Yes, well, since you wrote it, you would be opposed. The reason there's no overlap is because the material was removed from the original article, by consensus. There may be ways to keep material within the wikipedia, but a simple content fork which overlaps in scope with the original article isn't one of them.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:17, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The project was officially handed over to the [[Massachusetts Turnpike Authority]] at the end of 2007.<ref name="Free Press">{{cite news |url=http://media.www.dailyfreepress.com/media/storage/paper87/news/2007/11/20/News/Mass-To.Take.Control.Of.Big.Dig.From.Contractors-3112166.shtml |title=Mass. to Take Control of Big Dig from Contractors |publisher=The Daily Free Press |date=[[2007-11-20]] |accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>


:::The usage of the term ''Centrifugal force'' is synonymous with the main article. Under the wikipedia policies articles that are on synonymous usages should be merged see: [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary]]. Here, because the material was removed from the original article, you can't do that. So the article should be deleted or made not to be a content fork.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:20, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
[[Image:Boston-big-dig.png|thumb|The "Big Dig" project in Boston]]


::::The article [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary]] is cited based upon the notion that the the two articles refer to the same concept (centrifugal force) and therefore must be in the same article. However, the two pages are ''not'' discussing the same thing: they discuss different aspects of the topic, namely, centrifugal force in the context of a uniformly rotating reference frame with a fixed axis on one page, and centrifugal force in a more general context on another page. It is not similar to the example case given in [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary]] of discussing ''gasoline'' on one page and ''petrol'' on another. For more detail on the reasoning behind two pages, see [[#rationale|this link]]. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 14:16, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
The Big Dig has been the most expensive highway project in the U.S.<ref name="The Associated Press">{{cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2006/US/07/12/bigdigdeath.ap/index.html |title=Review Begins After Big Dig Tunnel Collapse | publisher=CNN.com |date=[[2006-07-12]] | accessdate=2006-07-25}}</ref>
Although the project was estimated at $2.8 billion in 1985 (in 1982 dollars, US$6.0 billion adjusted for inflation [[as of 2006]]),<ref name=inflation>{{cite web |url=http://www.westegg.com/inflation/ |title=The Inflation calculator}}</ref> over $14.6 billion ($8.08 billion in 1982 dollars)<ref name=inflation/> had been spent in federal and state tax dollars [[as of 2006]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Glen |last=Johnson |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2006/07/13/governor_seeks_to_take_control_of_big_dig_inspections | title=Governor seeks to take control of Big Dig inspections | publisher=Boston Globe | date=[[2006-07-13]] |accessdate=2006-07-13}}</ref> A July 17, 2008 article in the [[Boston Globe]] stated, "In all, the project will cost an additional $7 billion in interest, bringing the total to a staggering $22 billion, according to a Globe review of hundreds of pages of state documents. It will not be paid off until 2038." <ref>[http://www.boston.com/news/traffic/bigdig/articles/2008/07/17/big_digs_red_ink_engulfs_state/ Big Dig's red ink engulfs state], Boston Globe, July 17, 2008</ref> At the beginning of the project, Congressman [[Barney Frank]] asked, "Rather than lower the expressway, wouldn't it be cheaper to raise the city?" The project has incurred criminal arrests,<ref>{{cite news |first=Rodrique |last=Ngowi |url=http://enews.earthlink.net/article/nat?guid=20071225/47708e50_3ca6_1552620071225-412521942 |title=$6M Settlement in Big Dig Death |publisher=Associated Press |date=[[2007-12-25]] |accessdate=2007-12-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first=Casey | last=Ross | url=http://news.bostonherald.com/localRegional/view.bg?articleid=1016016| title=Epoxy company hit with Big Dig indictment | publisher=Boston Herald |date=[[2007-08-08]] | accessdate=2007-12-25}}</ref> [[escalating costs]], death, leaks, and charges of poor execution and use of substandard materials. The [[Massachusetts Attorney General]] is demanding contractors refund taxpayers $108 million for "shoddy work".<ref name="Reuters-StateWeighs">{{cite news |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/03/19/news/notes.php |title=State weighs suing 'Big Dig' contractors |publisher=International Herald Tribune |date=[[2006-03-20]] |accessdate=2006-07-17}}</ref> On [[January 23]], [[2008]], it was reported that Bechtel/Parsons Brinckerhoff, the consortium that oversaw the project, would pay $407 million in restitution for its poor oversight of subcontractors (some of whom committed outright fraud), as well as primary responsibility in the death of a motorist. However, despite admitting to poor oversight and negligence as part of the settlement,<ref>[http://www.boston.com/news/traffic/bigdig/articles/2008/01/24/big_dig_settlement_will_take_quick_hit/ Immediate Big Dig fixes expected to cost $100m - The Boston Globe<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> the firm is not barred from bidding for future government contracts. Several smaller companies agreed to pay a combined sum of approximately $51 million.<ref>[http://www.thestar.com/Business/article/296783 Contractors to settle Boston Big Dig suit for $450M] [[Toronto Star]] [[January 23]], [[2008]]</ref>


:::::Yeah, right.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
The Massachusetts Turnpike Authority (MTA), which had little experience in managing an undertaking of the scope and magnitude of the CA/T Project, hired a joint venture of Bechtel/Parsons Brinckerhoff to provide preliminary designs, manage design consultants and construction contractors, track the project's cost and schedule, advise MTA on project decisions, and (in some instances) act as the MTA's representative. Eventually, MTA combined some of its employees with Bechtel/Parsons employees in an integrated project organization. This was intended to make management more efficient, but it hindered MTA's ability to independently oversee Bechtel/Parsons Brinckerhoff because MTA and
Bechtel/Parsons Brinckerhoff had effectively become partners in the project.<ref>OIG Testimony CC-2005-027, "Impact of Water Leaks on the Central Artery/Tunnel Project and Remaining Risks"</ref>


'''Keep''' The content of the article [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] is in no way a duplication of the companion articles on this subject. It concerns the details of describing centrifugal effects upon particle motions as observed from a variety of inertial and non-inertial frames of reference, and using a variety of coordinate systems (arc-length, polar, Cartesian, curvilinear). It also provides guidance to a good deal of cited work.
Litigation against Bechtel and others in the death of a motorist remains pending, [[as of January 2008]].


In contrast, the companion article [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] deals very specifically with centrifugal force as observed in reference frame rotating around a fixed axis. That's it.
==Historical background==
{{main|History of the Big Dig}}
[[Image:OnBostonsElevatedCentralArtery.agr.jpg|thumb|left|Traffic on the old, elevated Central Artery at mid-day.]]


To simply delete [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] would eliminate a good deal of useful material from Wikipedia not available elsewhere. To combine it with [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] would make that article much longer, and make it cover a wider range of topics.
Boston's historically tangled streets were laid out long before the advent of the [[automobile]]. By the mid-20th century, car traffic in the inner city was extremely congested, with north-south trips especially so. Commissioner of Public Works [[William Callahan]] advanced plans for an elevated expressway which eventually was constructed (1951-59) between the downtown area and the waterfront. The [[Central Artery]] (known officially as the [[John F. Fitzgerald]] Expressway) displaced thousands of residents and businesses and physically divided the historical connection between the downtown and market areas and the waterfront. Governor [[John Volpe]] interceded in the 1950s to send the last section of the Central Artery underground, through the [[Dewey Square]] (or "[[South Station]]") [[Dewey Square Tunnel|Tunnel]], but while traffic moved somewhat better the other problems remained.


In addition, [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] addresses the Lagrangian formulation of the problem (which applies to very general coordinate systems) and points out that "generalized" fictitious forces differ from plain old Newtonian fictitious forces, a point that has caused some debate on talk pages.
Built before strict federal [[Interstate Highway standards]] were developed during the [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]] administration, the expressway was plagued by tight turns, an excessive number of entrances and exits, entrance ramps without merge lanes, and continually escalating vehicular loads. Local businesses again wanted relief, historians sought a reuniting of the waterfront with the city, and nearby residents desired removal of this "Green Monster". (Its matte green paint prompted [[Thomas Menino]] to call it Boston's "other Green Monster". The original [[Green Monster]] is [[Fenway Park|Fenway Park's]] left field wall.<ref>{{cite news | author=Associated Press | url=http://msnbc.msn.com/id/3769829 | title=Boston's ‘Big Dig' opens to public | publisher=MSNBC | date=[[2003-12-20]] | accessdate=2006-07-18}}</ref>) [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] engineers Bill Reynolds and future state Secretary of Transportation [[Frederick P. Salvucci]] envisioned moving the whole expressway underground.<ref name= "NY Times"> {{ cite news | url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E4DB173DF936A15754C0A9629C8B63&n=Top/Reference/Times%20Topics/People/D/Dukakis,%20Michael%20S. | title=Big Dig Nearing Light of Costly Tunnel's End | publisher=New York Times | date=[[2004-07-25]] | accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>


I am inclined to think Wolfkeeper does not grasp the issues here. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 00:01, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==Early planning==
The project was conceived in the 1970s by the [[Boston Transportation Planning Review]] to replace the rusting elevated six-lane Central Artery. The expressway separated downtown from the waterfront, and was increasingly choked with bumper-to-bumper traffic. Business leaders were more concerned about access to [[Logan Airport]], and pushed instead for a third harbor tunnel. In their second terms, [[Michael Dukakis]] (governor) and [[Fred Salvucci]] (secretary of transportation) came up with the strategy of tying the two projects together&mdash;thereby combining the project that the business community supported with the project that they and the City of Boston supported.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}


:The article is about fictitious forces acting in a rotating reference frame. This is synonymous with that covered at the original article [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]. Under the policy [[WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary]] synonymous definitions are merged into a single article.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 00:52, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Planning for the Big Dig as a project officially began in 1982, with environmental impact studies starting in 1983. After years of extensive lobbying for federal dollars, a 1987 public works bill appropriating funding for the Big Dig was passed by [[Congress of the United States|U.S. Congress]], but it was subsequently vetoed by President [[Ronald Reagan]] as being too expensive. When Congress [[Veto override|overrode]] his veto, the project had its green light and ground was first broken in 1991.<ref>Dan McNichol and Andy Ryan, ''The Big Dig''. Silver Lining Press, 1991</ref>


::I think it is pretty clear from the article and from what was said above that the article [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] is ''not'' about fictitious forces in a rotating reference frame. It is about observation of a moving particle in planar motion. It can be viewed from a variety of frames. In contrast, the examples in [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] describe motion as seen strictly from a rotating frame, and, moreover, that article is devoted to objects in uniform circular motion, not in general planar motion. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 04:32, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==Obstacles==
In addition to these political and financial difficulties, the project faced several environmental and engineering obstacles.


:::I don't see that we are reading the same article that is up for deletion. The lead says, and I quote: ''The centrifugal forces considered here arise when observing a moving particle from several different non-inertial frames''. So, unless your centrifugal force that the article is supposed to be about is to do with a non-inertial frame that doesn't rotate(!!!!), then that's exactly opposite to what the article itself claims. Therefore, I simply cannot reconcile your comments with what the article's lead itself claims.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 04:57, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The downtown area through which the tunnels were to be dug was largely landfill, and included existing subway lines as well as innumerable pipes and utility lines that would have to be replaced or moved. Tunnel workers encountered many unexpected geological and archaeological barriers, ranging from glacial debris to foundations of buried houses and a number of sunken ships lying within the reclaimed land.


::::Wolfkeeper: The article lead says "This article describes the centrifugal force that acts upon objects in planar motion when observed from non-inertial reference frames."
The project received approval from state environmental agencies in 1991, after satisfying concerns including release of toxins by the excavation and the possibility of disrupting the homes of millions of rats, causing them to roam the streets of Boston in search of new housing. By the time the federal environmental clearances were delivered in 1994,<ref name="Palmer">{{cite news | first=Thomas | last=Palmer | url=http://libraries.mit.edu/rotch/artery/boston_globe.htm#wins | title=State Wins Federal OK to Start River-Crossing Part of Artery Project | publisher=Boston Globe | date=[[1994-06-21]] | accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref> the process had taken some seven years, during which time inflation greatly increased the project's original cost estimates.{{Fact|date=December 2007}}


::::I believe you have adopted a very narrow meaning for "planar motion" and for "non-inertial frames" that is far more restricted than these terms imply, and also far narrower than the subject of the article. If you find this lead is unclear, the debate should be over modifying the lead, not over deleting the article because you have misconstrued its subject. Your remarks seems to imply that you think all non-inertial frames are rotating. Yes, the article discusses (in part) ''a non-inertial frame that doesn't rotate (!!!!)'' Please don't get rhetorical here. This is a serious matter. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 05:34, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Reworking such a busy corridor without seriously restricting traffic flow required a number of state-of-the-art construction techniques. Because the old elevated highway (which remained in operation throughout the construction process) rested on pylons located throughout the designated dig area, engineers first utilized [[slurry wall]] techniques to create 120 ft.-deep concrete walls upon which the highway could rest. These concrete walls also stabilized the sides of the site, preventing cave-ins during the excavation process.


:::::Well, I simply believe you've done a content fork, and you're trying not to get it removed. The ''scope'' of the article as defined in the lead overlaps almost completely with [[centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] and the article body mostly contains the fraction of the material that was removed from there.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:15, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The multilane interstates also had to pass under South Station's 7 tracks which carried over 40,000 commuters and 400 trains per day. In order to avoid multiple relocations of the train lines while the [[tunnelling]] advanced, as had been initially planned, a specially designed [[jack (device)|jack]] was constructed in order to support the ground and tracks to allow the excavation to take place below. Ground freezing was also implemented in order to help stabilize the surrounding ground as the tunnel was excavated. This was the largest tunnelling project undertaken beneath railway lines anywhere in the world. The ground freezing enabled safer, more efficient [[excavation]], and also assisted in environmental issues, as less contaminated fill needed to be exported than if a traditional cut and cover method had been applied.<ref>[http://tunnels.mottmac.com/projects/?mode=region&amp;id=3418 Boston Central Artery Jacked Tunnels - Mott MacDonald Project Page]</ref>


::::::The rationale can be found at [[#rationale|this link]]. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 14:29, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Other challenges included an existing subway tunnel crossing the path of the underground highway. In order to build [[slurry wall]]s past this tunnel, it was necessary to dig beneath the tunnel and build an underground concrete bridge to support the tunnel's weight.


:::::::Nah.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
==Construction phase==


'''Delete''' The less articles on centrifugal force the better. There are some issues to be discussed regarding what Brews has said. There is the issue of the fact that there are situations in which a centrifugal force is claimed to exist from the perspective of a rotating frame of reference, yet where no such centrifugal force exists from the perspective of polar coordinates in the inertial frame. Agreement may never be reached on whether such a centrifugal force does actually exist or not in the rotating frame in that scenario. But the issue should be discussed on the talk page of a unified article. There will probably be fringe sources supporting both points of view, and a consensus may be reached to avoid the controversy altogether since the mainstream textbooks tend to be silent on that issue.
[[Image:Boston-big-dig-area.png|thumb|Construction sites of the "Big Dig"]]
The overall aim should be to have one drastically simplified article with distinct sections, and to minimize, but not necessarily eliminate the mention of Coriolis force and Euler force. [[User:David Tombe|David Tombe]] ([[User talk:David Tombe|talk]]) 01:20, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
:There is some dispute, and it would be great to resolve it. I don't think the best approach to resolution is to delete pages that are inconvenient for some participants in the discussion. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 04:32, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
::Yes, because creating fake distinctions among topics is much better idea.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)


'''Comment'''. IMHO the centrifugal force article(s) on Wikipedia have grown excessively due to long-standing disputes and maybe a bit of original research. Perhaps a better solution would be to write a wikibook on centrifugal force and try to write ''one'' concise encyclopedic article for Wikipedia. --[[User:Itub|Itub]] ([[User talk:Itub|talk]]) 07:59, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The project was managed by the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, with design and construction supervised by a joint venture of [[Bechtel Corporation]] and [[Parsons Brinckerhoff]]. Due to the enormous size of the project&mdash;too large for any company to undertake alone&mdash;the design and construction of the Big Dig were broken up into dozens of smaller subprojects with well-defined interfaces between contractors. Major heavy-construction contractors on the project included [[Jay Cashman]], [[Modern Continental]], [[Obayashi Corporation]], [[Perini|Perini Corporation]], [[Peter Kiewit Sons' Incorporated]], [[J.F. White]], and the Slattery division of [[Skanska]] USA. (Of those, Modern Continental was awarded the greatest gross value of contracts, joint ventures included.)
*<small>'''Note''': This debate has been included in the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting/Science|list of Science-related deletion discussions]]. </small> <small>-- [[User:the wub|the wub]] [[User_talk:The wub|<font color="green">"?!"</font>]] 11:27, 11 October 2008 (UTC)</small>


::We need to identify the key areas of conflict. I can point to at least three of these,
The nature of the Charles River crossing had been a source of major controversy throughout the design phase of the project. Many environmental advocates preferred a river crossing entirely in tunnels, but this, along with 27 other plans, was rejected as too costly. Finally, with a deadline looming to begin construction on a separate project that would connect the [[Tobin Bridge]] to the Charles River crossing, Salvucci overrode the objections and chose a variant of the plan known as "Scheme Z". This plan was considered to be reasonably cost-effective, but had the drawback of requiring highway ramps stacked up as high as 100 feet (30&nbsp;m) immediately adjacent to the Charles River.
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:BostonBIGDIGplan.JPG|thumb|right|450px|The Big Dig master plan.]] -->
The city of [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]] objected to the visual impact of the chosen Charles River crossing design. It sued to revoke the project's environmental certificate and forced the project to redesign the river crossing again.


::(1) The issue of whether the fictitious forces as derived for the purposes of rotating frames have restrictions on their applicability. I have suggested that the terms only apply to situations in which the objects in question possess the same actual rotation as the rotating frame itself. In other words, any actual effect arises from actual rotation.
Swiss Engineer Christian Menn took over the design of the bridge. He suggested a sleek, modern, cable-stayed bridge that would carry 10 lanes of traffic. The plan was accepted and construction began on the [[Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge]]. The bridge employed an asymmetrical design and a hybrid of steel and concrete was used to construct it. It was the first bridge in the country to employ this method and it is the widest cable-stayed bridge in the world.<ref name="CEG"> {{cite news
::(2) There is the issue concerning the fact that centrifugal force becomes inertia when we use Cartesian coordinates. I have been advocating that polar cordinates are the only realistic way of describing the centrifugal force effect.
| first=Pete | last=Sigmund | url=http://www.cegltd.com/story.asp?story=8751&headline=Triumph,%20Tragedy%20Mark%20Boston%E2%80%99s%20Big%20Dig%20Project
::(3) There is the issue of what has been described in these articles as 'reactive centrifugal force'. It is a knock on effect, just as weight is to gravity. Some have argued that since reactive centrifugal force doesn't act on the same object as centrifugal force, then they must be something completely different, deserving of two separate pages. I would say that the so-called reactive centrifugal force would show up implicitly in any coherent and well written article on centrifugal force without the need to even bring attention to the concept in its own right.
| title=Triumph, Tragedy Mark Boston's Big Dig Project | publisher=Construction Equipment Guide | date=[[2007-06-06]] | accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref>


::The aim should be for a united article, and all discussions towards that end should be on the talk page of centrifugal force (rotating frames of reference) since that is the page from which all the forks emerged, and since that is the page that google hits direct us to.[[User:David Tombe|David Tombe]] ([[User talk:David Tombe|talk]]) 14:52, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Meanwhile, construction continued on the Tobin Bridge approach. By the time all parties agreed on the I-93 design, construction of the Tobin connector (today known as the "City Square Tunnel" for a [[Charlestown, Boston, Massachusetts|Charlestown]] area it bypasses) was far along, significantly adding to the cost of constructing the [[U.S. Route 1 in Massachusetts|U.S. 1]] interchange and retrofitting the tunnel.
<!--Shift to active voice shortened this sentence a little, but it's still unclear whether the Rt1 work and tunnel retrofit were built, or were abandoned because of the increased cost.-->


David: You raise some interesting points that require attention, but all that matters for this particular debate is this very specific question: "Is [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] a [[Wikipedia:Content_forking|content fork]] of [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]?" There is, in fact, no basis for considering it a content fork. For example,
Boston blue [[clay]] and other soils extracted from the path of the tunnel were used to cap many local [[landfill]]s, fill in the [[Granite Rail Quarry]] in [[Quincy, Massachusetts|Quincy]], and restore the surface of [[Spectacle Island (Massachusetts)|Spectacle Island]] in the [[Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area]].


1. The above link to Wiki definition of forking says:
[[Image:ZakimBridge20040307.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Leonard P. Zakim Bridge]]
''it is generally acceptable to have different levels of detail of a subject on different pages, provided that each provides a balanced view of the subject matter.''
The [[Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge]], designed by Swiss designer [[Christian Menn]], is the terminus of the project, connecting the underground highway with I-93 and U.S. 1. The distinctive [[cable-stayed bridge]] is supported by two forked towers connected to the span by cables and girders.


There can be little doubt that the level of discussion is more mathematical and more detailed on [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] than on [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]].
The [[Storrow Drive Connector]], a companion bridge to the Zakim, began carrying traffic from I-93 to Storrow Drive in 1999. The project had been under consideration for years, but was opposed by the wealthy residents of the Beacon Hill neighborhood. However, it finally was accepted because it would funnel traffic bound for Storrow Drive and downtown Boston away from the mainline roadway.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bostonroads.com/crossings/zakim/ | title=Leonard P. Zakim-Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge | accessdate=2006-07-18 | publisher=BostonRoads.com}}</ref> The Connector ultimately used a pair of ramps that had been constructed for [[Interstate 695 (Massachusetts)|Interstate 695]], enabling the mainline I-93 to carry more traffic that would have used I-695 under the original Master Plan.


2 .The above link to Wiki definitions says:
When construction began, the project cost, including the Charles River crossing, was estimated at $5.8 billion. Eventual [[cost overruns]] were so high that the chairman of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority, [[James Kerasiotes]], was fired in 2000. His replacement had to commit to an $8.55 billion cap on federal contributions. Total expenses eventually passed $15 billion. Interest brought this cost to $21.93 billion.
''Articles on distinct but related topics may well contain a significant amount of information in common with one another. This does not make either of the two articles a content fork.''
===Engineering methods and details===
[[Image:BigDigSupportsCentralArtery.agr.jpg|thumb|left|Temporary supports hold up elevated Central Artery during construction.]]
Several unusual engineering challenges arose during the project, requiring unusual solutions and methods to address them.


There may be some overlap between the articles, but the amount of overlap is ''way below'' "significant". For example, [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] deals with the non-inertial frame attached to the moving particle and with the co-rotating frame. Each of these examples brings out a very important aspect of centrifugal force for planar motion not addressed in the other article. Another example, [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] discusses a variety of coordinate systems, including the arc-length and curvilinear coordinate systems. The other article does not. [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] contains Figures not in the other article, illustrating points not raised in the other article.
At the beginning of the project, engineers had to figure out the safest way to build the tunnel without endangering the existing elevated highway above. Eventually, they created horizontal braces as wide as the tunnel, then cut away the elevated highway's struts, and lowered it onto the new braces.<ref name="AP 122507">[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20071225/ap_on_re_us/big_dig_the_end Boston's $14.8B Big Dig finally complete], By Steve LeBlanc, Associated Press, 12/25/07. </ref>


In short, this motion to delete on the basis of [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] being a content fork of [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] is groundless. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 15:22, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==Final phases==
[[Image:Tunnel-large.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Interstate 93 Tunnel]]


:The article was only created after material was removed from the primary article, and largely consists of material that was removed by consensus from there. '''That's a content fork.''' Content forks are highly undesirable in the wikipedia, and I strongly encourage everyone to vote for the removal.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:12, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
On [[January 17]], [[2003]], the opening ceremony was held for the I-90 Connector Tunnel, extending the Massachusetts Turnpike (Interstate 90) east into the [[Ted Williams Tunnel]], and onwards to Logan Airport. The Ted Williams tunnel had been completed and in limited use for commercial traffic and [[high-occupancy vehicle]]s since late 1995. The westbound lanes opened on the afternoon of [[January 18]] and the eastbound lanes on [[January 19]].
[[Image:Boston-big-dig-oldtraffic.png|thumb|Traffic before the "Big Dig"]]


'''Keep'''. I think this article is an excellent supplement to the existing articles on classical mechanics. We should all be grateful to Brews Ohare for willing to spend so much time and effort here to write physics articles.
The next phase, moving the elevated Interstate 93 underground, was completed in two stages: northbound lanes opened in March 2003 and southbound lanes (in a temporary configuration) on [[December 20]], [[2003]]. A tunnel underneath Leverett Circle connecting eastbound Storrow Drive to I-93 North and the Tobin Bridge opened [[December 19]], [[2004]], easing congestion at the circle. All southbound lanes of I-93 opened to traffic on [[March 5]], [[2005]], including the left lane of the Zakim Bridge, and all of the refurbished Dewey Square Tunnel.
[[Image:Boston-big-dig-newtraffic.png|thumb|Traffic after the "Big Dig" opened completely]]


I don't understand why the "content forking" issue is seen as a problem. Content forking is only a problem if someone's edits are deleted because the edits are wrong, not if they are too technical for the article. In this case, you don't want to write in an introductory article about centrifugal force about the Lagrangian approach, certainly not about the formalism of differential geometry.
By the end of December 2004, 95% of the Big Dig was completed. Major construction remained on the surface, including construction of final ramp configurations in the [[North End, Boston, Massachusetts|North End]] and in the [[South Bay, Boston, Massachusetts|South Bay]] interchange, and reconstruction of the surface streets.


However, the Lagrangian formalism is the standard formalism to solve problems in classical mechanics. No one I know actually uses the cumbersome formalism presented in the wiki article about fictitious force for anything but the simplest cases, except perhaps if you are a first year physics student doing his homework.
The final ramp downtown—exit 20B from [[Interstate 93|I-93]] south to [[Albany Street (Boston)|Albany Street]]—opened [[January 13]], [[2006]].<!-- can't find a working link to this article. anyone know of any? I tried a few ways on Google. --><ref>{{cite news | first=Casey | last=Ross | url=http://news.bostonherald.com/localRegional/view.bg?articleid=121276 | title=Hallelujah Hub drivers! Last Big Dig ramp done | publisher=Boston Herald | date=[[2006-01-14]] | accessdate=2006-07-18}}</ref>


Wikipedia should be a place where an interested high school student should be able to read an article about fictitious force at his/her level, and it should be a place where a physics student can read an article that explains how one can write down the equations of motion for a particle moving in a rubber tube that is moving and deforming in some arbitrary way. [[User:Count Iblis|Count Iblis]] ([[User talk:Count Iblis|talk]]) 15:49, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
In 2006, the two Interstate 93 tunnels were dedicated as the [[Tip O'Neill|Thomas "Tip" O'Neill]] [[Thomas P. O'Neill Jr. Tunnel|Tunnel]], after the former [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] speaker of the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] from Massachusetts who pushed to have the Big Dig funded by the federal government.


:So, if I understand you correctly, you agree that this is a content fork. You also seem to say that a high school student should be able to read the article, but I wasn't aware that Lagrangians were really high school level material.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:05, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==Mitigation projects==


:My concerns are that the article was only created when material was removed from the centrifugal force and follows none of the norms for content forks that are outlined at [[WP:Content forking#What content/POV forking is not]], and is not on any well-defined encyclopedic topic, and the introduction reads like a content fork when you compare it with the original article.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:05, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
{{Expand-section|date=June 2008}} <!-- What are the non-MBTA mitigation requirements that haven't been met? -->


::No, what I'm saying is that wikipedia should have articles at different levels suitable for people ranging from complete lay persons to profdessional physicists. Should we delete an article useful to students just because there exists an article on the same topic, but which is written for kindergarten level students? [[User:Count Iblis|Count Iblis]] ([[User talk:Count Iblis|talk]]) 16:55, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
{{For|more information about the public transit mitigation projects|Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority#Big_Dig_remediation.2FSIP_projects|Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority}}


:::We're not supposed to invent terms just to keep professional physicists happy, no. This is an encyclopedia which is primarily intended for a general audience, not a highly specialised one. If there are aspects of the topic that are especially complex they need to go in subarticles or be referred out to a full treatment where that's more appropriate, not by creating content forks and pretending that they're new topics entirely.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 17:26, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Many environmental impact mitigation projects (transit, pedestrian, bicycle, and parks) also remain. Although these were legal requirements for approval of the environmental impact statement, many are not funded due to the massive cost overruns on the highway portion of the project.{{Fact|date=June 2008}}


::::Hey, keeping a professional physicist happy is tougher than inventing terms. :-) You appear to be recommending creation of a broad summary page referring out to several branch articles. That would supplement the existing disambiguation page, and be linked by it, right? [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 18:14, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==Impact on traffic==
[[Image:ONeilltoZakimBridge.agr.jpg|thumb|Traffic exiting the Big Dig tunnel onto the Zakim Bridge.]]
Prior to construction of the Big Dig, the Central Artery carried not only north-south traffic but much east-west traffic, a major cause of its all-day congestion. The only direct access to Boston's Logan Airport from downtown was through the paired [[Callahan Tunnel|Callahan]] and [[Sumner Tunnel|Sumner]] tunnels under [[Boston Harbor]]. To reach these tunnels, traffic on the major highways from west of Boston – the Massachusetts Turnpike and Storrow Drive – traveled on portions of the Central Artery. Getting between the Central Artery and the tunnels also involved short stretches on city streets, increasing local congestion and causing backups on the highway.


:::::I doubt it.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
The Big Dig untangled this commingled traffic. While only one net lane in each direction was added to the north-south I-93, several new east-west lanes became available. East-west traffic on the Massachusetts Turnpike/I-90 now proceeds directly through the Ted Williams Tunnel to Logan Airport and Route 1A beyond. Traffic between Storrow Drive and the Callahan and Sumner Tunnels still uses a short portion of I-93, but additional lanes and direct connections are provided for this traffic.


'''Key question''' – I haven't studied the citation or this discussion yet enough to know if it has been addressed, but I think the key question is whether the distinction between these two articles is a distinction that can be found in a reliable source. Can someone point out a source that makes such a distinction, as opposed to just different sources that adopt diffferent approaches to centrifugal force? [[User:Dicklyon|Dicklyon]] ([[User talk:Dicklyon|talk]]) 16:25, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The result was a 62% reduction in vehicle hours of travel on I-93, the airport tunnels, and the connection from Storrow Drive, from an average 38,200 hours per day before construction (1994-1995) to 14,800 hours per day in 2004-2005, after the project was largely complete.<ref name=impactreport>http://www.masspike.com/pdf/reports/MTA-Economic-V1.pdf Transportation Impacts of MTA and CAT project, February 2006</ref>(Table 3-6) The savings for travelers was estimated at $166 million annually in the same 2004-2005 time frame.<ref>Ibid. p. 24</ref> Travel times on the Central Artery northbound during the afternoon peak hour were reduced 85.6%.<ref>Ibid. Table 3-1</ref>


:I really, really doubt that there's anything like that out there that says that there's distinct sorts of centrifugal force 'planar' and 'non planar'.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:37, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==Problems==
==="Thousands of leaks"===
As far back as 2001, Turnpike Authority officials and private contractors knew of thousands of leaks in the ceiling and wall fissures, extensive water damage to steel supports and fireproofing systems, and overloaded drainage systems.<ref>[http://www.thebostonchannel.com/bigdig/3924866/detail.html Report: Even More Big Dig Leaks Found - Big Dig News Story - WCVB Boston<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> A $10 million contract, signed off as a [[cost overrun]], was used to repair these leaks. Many of the leaks were a result of Modern Continental and other subcontractors failing to remove gravel and other debris before pouring concrete. This was not made publicly known to the media, but engineers at MIT (volunteer students and professors) did several precise experiments and found a few serious problems with the tunnel.<ref name="evenmorebigleaks">{{cite news | title=Report: Even More Big Dig Leaks Found | url=http://www.thebostonchannel.com/bigdig/3924866/detail.html | publisher=WCVB-TV | date=[[2004-11-17]] | accessdate=2006-07-18}}</ref>


::This is a key question. Wiki guidelines say: ''Summary style articles, with sub-articles giving greater detail, are not content forking, provided that all the sub-articles, and the summary conform to Neutral Point of View.'' Maybe some such summary style article is needed? [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 17:42, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
On [[September 15]], [[2004]], a major leak in the [[Interstate 93]] north tunnel forced the closure of the tunnel while repairs were conducted. This also forced the Turnpike Authority to release information regarding its non-disclosure of prior leaks. A follow-up reported on "extensive" leaks that were more severe than state authorities had previously acknowledged. The report went on to state that the $14.6 billion tunnel system was riddled with more than 400 leaks. A ''[[Boston Globe]]'' report, however, countered that by stating there were nearly 700 leaks in a single 1,000-foot section of tunnel beneath South Station. Turnpike officials also stated that the number of leaks being investigated was down from 1,000 to 500.<ref name="evenmorebigleaks" />


:::Possibly, but this isn't. It's simply a content fork.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 17:54, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
===Substandard materials===
[[Massachusetts State Police]] searched the offices of [[Aggregate Industries]], the largest concrete supplier for the underground portions of the project, in June 2005. They seized evidence of false records which hid the poor quality of concrete delivered for the highway project. In May 2006, six executives of the company, including its general manager, were arrested and charged with crimes related to fraud. Immediately after the arrests, Massachusetts Governor [[Mitt Romney]] announced he would return $3,900 in political contributions from employees of Aggregate Industries.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.eyewitnessnewstv.com/Global/story.asp?S=4868505&nav=F2DO | title=Romney to return contributions from Big Dig concrete workers | publisher=WPRI | accessdate-2006-07-18}}</ref>


:::Brews, I'm inviting you to answer it. Since it's your fork, please tell us what source this kind of fork comes from. If there's no source for splitting the treatment of centrifugal force this way, then I don't see why we should do it. The issue of doing a summary and subarticles seems completely independent – an alternative proposal. [[User:Dicklyon|Dicklyon]] ([[User talk:Dicklyon|talk]]) 19:50, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
On [[March 19]], [[2006]], the ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'' reported that [[Massachusetts Attorney General]] [[Tom Reilly]] planned to sue [[Bechtel]]/[[Parsons Brinckerhoff]] and other companies because of poor work on the project. Over 200 complaints have been filed by the state of Massachusetts as a result of leaks, cost overruns, quality concerns, and safety violations. In total, the state is seeking approximately $100 million from the contractors ($1 for every $141 spent).<ref name="Reuters-StateWeighs"/>
{{anchor|rationale}}
::::'''Rationale''': Well, as explained elsewhere in this discussion, there is no claim that there are "distinct sorts" of centrifugal force, "planar" or otherwise. The idea is simply that the topic is broad and a division of topics seems to make for a more useful discussion. The division is helpful in separating simple examples from the more complex.
::::It places a number of popular and simple examples on the page [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]. These examples employ constant angular rotation about a fixed axis of rotation. Probably this page will be accessible to most readers and will be sufficient for their purposes.
::::However, a great many topics are not covered. Some of these are now on [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]], and are discussed, not in the context of uniform rotation about a fixed axis, but in the context of a particle moving in an arbitrary path on a plane with arbitrary time-dependence. These examples are not a re-hash of what was said on the other page, and present some significant new results and approaches.
::::[[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] is more demanding of the reader, and probably not everyone will look at it. So its separation from [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] is based largely upon expectation of a different audience.
::::For a broad subject, a division of some kind seems useful. I do not think this particular division is followed by any particular textbook, but then they have a thousand pages to do stuff, and their division is affected by that fact. They also expect a committed readership (students, maybe), and not browsers with varying degrees of interest and background.
::::In any event, [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] certainly is not a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:CFORK content fork], and covers different material intended for a different audience with a different background. As said at the link just cited: ''It is generally acceptable to have different levels of detail of a subject on different pages, provided that each provides a balanced view of the subject matter.'' and: ''Articles on distinct but related topics may well contain a significant amount of information in common with one another.'' However successfully this pair of pages covers the subject, deleting one of them is not going to improve matters. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 23:04, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
:::::Insertion of response from Dicklyon added at bottom of page that seems pertinent here: [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 00:25, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
::::::<s>Given that the other article is already 68 KB, I agree that some kind of division is needed. And a division based on this more general and more complex approach makes some sense. And there's some interesting content here. So the discussion really ought to be more general, about organization and naming; deletion doesn't seem like a logical way to address the problem. [[User:Dicklyon|Dicklyon]] ([[User talk:Dicklyon|talk]]) 00:03, 12 October 2008 (UTC)</s>


::::::Great, now you're even content forking ''other people's comments!!!''- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 02:04, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
===Fatal ceiling collapse===
{{main|Big Dig ceiling collapse}}


::::::Addressing the points. This article doesn't address a balanced view of the subject matter, it artificially restricts itself to a subset of the material that 'just happens' to match the material deleted from the main article. It's like an article [[Brown horse (white feet)]]. In some cases, where a brown horse with white feet might have some genetic trait that make the topic notable it might be fair enough to create an article on a restricted topic. There's nothing like that here. The "(planar motion)" sic works just the same as any other centrifugal force in a coordinate system.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 20:04, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
A fatal accident raised safety questions and closed part of the project for most of the summer of 2006. On [[July 10]], [[2006]], a concrete ceiling panel weighing 3 tons (2.7 t) and measuring 20 by 40 ft (6.1 by 12.2 m) fell on a car traveling on the two-lane ramp connecting northbound I-93 to eastbound [[Interstate 90|I-90]] in [[South Boston]], killing Milena Del Valle, who was a passenger, and injuring her husband, Angel Del Valle, who was driving.<ref name="CEG">{{cite news url=http://www.cegltd.com/story.asp?story=8751&headline=Triumph,%20Tragedy%20Mark%20Boston%E2%80%99s%20Big%20Dig%20Project | publisher=Construction Equipment Guide | date=[[2007-06-06]] | accessdate=2007-12-10}}</ref> The collapse also contributed to the death of another person, a heart attack victim who died en route to a hospital when his ambulance was caught in a resulting traffic jam two weeks after the collapse.<ref name="BostonHerald=ManDies">
:::::::Of course the article treats a "subset of the material"; how could a finite length article do otherwise? That length restriction is not evidence for a lack of balance, ''per se''. Lack of balance suggests one view of something is unfairly emphasized. If you believe that, provide support. Mere assertion is insufficient.
{{cite news
:::::::The rationale provided at this [[#rationale|link]] explains why the article has been separated from [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]. Instead of inventing straw men, address the issues. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 21:24, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
| url=http://www.redorbit.com/news/business/591773/tunnel_horror__the_emergency/index.html
| title=Man dies in tunnel backup | publisher=Boston Herald | date=[[2006-07-27]]
| accessdate=2006-08-08}}</ref>
On [[September 1]], [[2006]], one eastbound lane of the connector tunnel was re-opened to traffic.<ref name="MassTurnpike=TurnpikeNews">
{{cite news
| url=http://www.massturnpike.com/user-cgi/news.cgi?dbkey=241&type=Press%20Release&src=news
| title=Turnpike News | publisher=Massachusetts Turnpike Authority
| date[[2006-09-01]] | accessdate=2006-12-03}}
</ref><ref>{{cite news | first=Elizabeth | last=Taurasi | title=Boston's Big Dig – One of Engineering's Biggest Mistakes? | url=http://www.designnews.com/article/CA6357443.html | publisher=Design News | date= 2006-07-28] | accessdate=2006-08-11}} See WikiNews article [http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Portion_of_ceiling_collapses_in_Boston_tunnel here].</ref>


'''Provisional Keep''' My own comment above was this rather involved article would require the attention of an expert in the field, as I am unable to read/understand the article and make a determination as to whether the content is accurate or not. But that flaw is my own and not the article's, as I am not an advanced mathematician. But I did not know that Wiki was designed with the goal of being understood by high school students. I would think that like any encyclodia, if a subject being covered requires the language and explanations of that subject matter, as long as it is accurate and sourced it may be included. Again, this requires the attention of experts in that field... and hopefully such experts will come forward and qualify theeir expertise when making an educated comments. If the author states that it is not a content fork, I will assume good faith that it is not so. That it contains informations removed from a seperate article, should not defacto make it a fork, as the language of mechanical physics is universal to the subject. As for "content forking", I am of the opinion if a parent article was so lengthy and in-depth that informations were removed in the interest of simplicity/clarity/length, it would make sense to then have a second article that covered the removed informations if they were important enough to merit aa seperate article. Not using any specific [[WP:WAX]], there are satelite articles for other subjects that cover aspects of their parent articles. This may well be the same. But again, I do not have the technical expertise to know one way or the other. My keep is "provsional" as I watch this AfD. The article does not look or feel like a hoax. It is well sourced. In the field of mechanical or astrometric physics it may be a notable as Tom Crise's latest film. Perspective gentlemen... perspective. '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|<font color="blue">Schmidt,</font>]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|<b><sup><small>MICHAEL Q.</small></sup></b>]]'' 16:38, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Following extensive inspections and repairs, Interstate 90 east and west bound lanes reopened in early January 2007.<ref name="SeattlePi.com">
{{cite news
| url=http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/national/1110AP_Big_Dig.html
| title=Mass. tunnel ceiling inspections ordered| publisher=SeattlePi.com
| date[[2007-01-17]] | accessdate=2006-01-07}}
</ref>
The final piece of the road network, a high occupancy vehicle lane connecting Interstate 93 north to the Ted Williams Tunnel, was reopened on [[June 1]], [[2007]].


:The problem is that it's not advertising or describing itself as a satellite of the main article, it's saying that it's a ''different'' sort of centrifugal force. But it self evidently is ''not'' that.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 16:48, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
On [[July 10]], [[2007]] after a lengthy investigation, the [[National Transportation Safety Board]] found that [[epoxy|epoxy glue]] used to hold the roof in place during construction was not appropriate for long term bonding.<ref>{{cite news
:::Good. Then as an independent article, that should be fixed and the article remain. Cleanup is never a valid reason for deletion. Was this discussed in the article's talk page? '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|<font color="blue">Schmidt,</font>]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|<b><sup><small>MICHAEL Q.</small></sup></b>]]'' 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
| url= http://www.ntsb.gov/Pressrel/2007/070710b.htm
| title=Safety Board Determines Cause of Boston's Big Dig Tunnel Ceiling Collapse Last Year| publisher=ntsb.gov
| date[[2007-10-05]]| accessdate=2006-07-12}}</ref> This was determined to be the cause of the roof collapse. The Power-Fast Epoxy Adhesive from Powers Fasteners used in the installation was designed for short term loading, such as wind or earthquake loads, not long term loading such as the weight of a panel.<ref name=Power-Fast>{{cite news
| url =http://www.powers.com/product_08402.html
| title =Power-Fast®+ Epoxy Adhesive System| publisher=powers.com| accessdate=2007-07-12}}</ref>


::::The problem is, because it's a content fork, ''it's not an independent article'', neither in scope, nor material. And yes, the removal of this sort of material was discussed in [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]].- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 02:04, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Powers Fasteners revised their product specifications on [[May 15]], [[2007]] to increase the safety factor from 4 to 10 for any of their epoxy products which are intended for use in overhead applications. The safety factor on Power-Fast Epoxy in particular was increased from 4 to 16.<ref name="Power-Fast"/>


::Your objection might be met by rewriting the intro. The article [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] is not intended to indicate it deals with a fundamentally different kind of centrifugal force; its intention is to deal with the determination of the centrifugal force for the case of general planar motion as seen from a variety of non-inertial frames. Maybe an analogy is finding the bandwidth in two different amplifier designs: bandwidth is still bandwidth, but its dependence on the circuit variables is different. For example, in a frame attached to the particle, centrifugal force is related to the center of curvature of the path; in a co-rotating frame it is related to the distance of the particle from the origin of the frame. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 17:05, 11 October 2008 (UTC).
On [[December 24]], [[2007]], the Del Valle family announced they had reached a settlement with Power Fasteners, in which they would be paid $6 million.<ref name="globe settlement">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/traffic/bigdig/articles/2007/12/24/settlement_reached_in_big_dig_death/?p1=Well_MostPop_Emailed1|title= Settlement reached in Big Dig death|publisher=[[Boston Globe]]|date=[[2007-12-24]]|accessdate=2007-12-25}}</ref> Power Fasteners is still facing a charge of manslaughter.<ref name="enddate"/>
::::Exactly. A rewrite addresses this concern. '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|<font color="blue">Schmidt,</font>]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|<b><sup><small>MICHAEL Q.</small></sup></b>]]'' 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)


:::::Oh well, if it's only a ''rewrite'' of all this consensus-deleted material and the introduction that's all right then.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==See also==
:::::... and the article title. Hint: I'm being ironic.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
* [[Boston Bypass]]
:::I can't actually find any connection between the lead and the body, they actually talk about different things. The body is just material removed from the main article, and the lead is just the original lead with a few words changed here and there to make the content fork less obvious. Apparently a lot of people are being taken in by this ruse.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 17:49, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
* [[Callahan Tunnel]]
:::::Then the lead can be nodified to nore coherently (in your opinion) flow into the body. '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|<font color="blue">Schmidt,</font>]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|<b><sup><small>MICHAEL Q.</small></sup></b>]]'' 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
* [[Conservation Law Foundation]]
* [[Cross City Tunnel]] - Sydney, Australia
* [[Dublin Port Tunnel]] - Similar project on smaller scale in [[Ireland]] with similar problems.
* [[Massachusetts Turnpike]]
* [[Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority]]
* [[Sumner Tunnel]]


::::::No, articles are supposed to be on ''a topic''. There's no overarching topic.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==References==
{{reflist|2}}


::::The lead is not the issue; the content of the article is the issue, and it is not a content fork according to the directly quoted excerpts from [[Wikipedia:Content_forking|content fork]]. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 18:06, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
==External links==
:::::Then if its not a fork, what's the deal? '''[[User:MichaelQSchmidt|<font color="blue">Schmidt,</font>]]''' ''[[User talk:MichaelQSchmidt|<b><sup><small>MICHAEL Q.</small></sup></b>]]'' 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
*[http://masspike.com/bigdig/index.html Official site]
*[http://masspike.com/img/big_dig/multimedia/maps/completion_lg.jpg Project map]
*[http://libraries.mit.edu/rotch/artery/ Boston CA/T Project History at MIT Rotch Library]
*[http://bostonroads.com Steve Anderson's BostonRoads.com]
*[http://pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/central_artery.html PBS.org] &ndash; Central Artery
*[http://bigdigdisaster.com Big Dig Disaster]
*Powell, Michael, [http://washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61112-2004Nov18.html "Boston's Big Dig Awash in Troubles"], ''Washington Post,'' [[2004-11-19]], Retrieved on [[2006-08-09]].


::::::The deal is that most of this material was previously in another article. But Oh dear, it got deleted, but that's OK, we can always OR up a completely non standard topic, add it to the disambiguation page, and add that to the wikipedia, right?- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
[[Category:Tunnels in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Transportation in Boston, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 1]]
[[Category:Interstate 93]]


:::::::All the topics discussed on [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] are standard topics and are cited extensively. They are grouped together here as they apply to a particular subject, namely general planar motion of a particle. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 23:45, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
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::::::::As it says in [[WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary]] encyclopedia articles are on '''a''' (singular) topic, not ''all the topics''; '''A''' topic.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 02:09, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
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:::::::::As noted at [[#rationale|this link]], the topic for one page is centrifugal force in the context of a uniformly rotating reference frame with fixed axis, and the topic for the second page is centrifugal force in the context of general planar motion of a particle as seen from various reference frames and employing various coordinate systems. In no way does this division contradict any guidelines in [[WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary]]. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 14:22, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

::::::::::B******s.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

'''Keep''': It seems to me like [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] is about the centrifugal force that comes about in a uniformly rotating reference frame, and [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] is about the centrifugal force in reference frames in general motion. The second is more general, the first is simpler and more often used. Sure, I think there's room for improvement in explaining the scope and divvying up the content of both articles, but I don't think deletion is called for. --[[User:Sbyrnes321|Steve]] ([[User talk:Sbyrnes321|talk]]) 17:33, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

::Unfortunately for this theory, the original article covers non uniformly rotating reference frames as well, and does it in 3-space, whereas this one only covers the bits that were removed, and only then in 2D.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 17:49, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

:::No material has been created that deals with particle motion on 3-D space curves; of course, it could be done, but involves some additional vectors and concepts from differential geometry. I doubt that added complexity would affect your point of view positively. 2-D planar motion is a half-way house.

::::The maths in the original article deals with ''all'' 3-D space curves as you well know, including the subset that are 2-D.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

:::::Maybe you could provide a link to the old material you refer to. I am saying no material for 3D motion analogous to the arc-length description [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifugal_force_(planar_motion)#Centrifugal_force_in_a_local_coordinate_system here] has been developed. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 15:06, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

:::::Wolfkeeper, I'm confused, are you saying that [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] has a discussion of non uniformly rotating reference frames? If so, I don't see it.... Thanks, --[[User:Sbyrnes321|Steve]] ([[User talk:Sbyrnes321|talk]]) 20:21, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

::::::There's ''no'' special equation or behaviour for centrifugal force for non uniformly rotating reference frames. The article doesn't limit itself to uniformly rotating reference frames in any way.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 20:34, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
:::::::I assume you mean to say that [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] "doesn't limit itself to uniformly rotating reference frames in any way." Having written all the examples and provided all the figures for these examples with the exception of [[Centrifugal_force_(rotating_reference_frame)#Potential_energy|potential energy]], I am confident that they deal with uniform rotation. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 21:05, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

:::Of course, even the 2-D planar motion examples agree with Steve's description of the article [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] as more general, though less often used than [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]. Again, not a content fork. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 18:06, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

We first have to decide if the two centrifugal forces are the same or not. If they are the same, then there should only be one article. If they can be shown to be different, then that might make a case for having two articles. However, if there is an endless dispute about whether or not they are the same or different, it means that the two are sufficiently associated together to be presented in different sections of the same article.
The claim for them being different is that in 'rotating frames' there is a school of thought that the centrifugal force applies to every object irrespective of its relative motion, whereas it is only in the case of co-rotation that this centrifugal force coincides with the outward force of planetary orbits. It is this latter effect which is the centrifugal force as is understood by the man in the street.
Quality university textbooks such as Goldstein's are silent on the issue of whether or not centrifugal force in rotating frames applies to objects that are not co-rotating. But all the worked examples assume co-rotation. Any examples that involve the Earth's rotation will always assume co-rotation.
There are however websites and scientific journal articles which specifically focus on the idea that centrifugal force acts on objects at rest in the inertial frame as observed from a rotating frame. There are also scientific journals which claim the opposite and state that centrifugal force is something which applies to objects that are at rest in a rotating frame of reference.
In order to resolve this dispute, I would draw attention to centrifugal potential energy. It only occurs when absolute rotation occurs. The counter argument is that centrifugal force as observed on an object at rest in the inertial frame is overridden by a radially inward Coriolis force. But we would then need to have a Coriolis potential energy in order to cancel out the centrifugal potential energy. And the Coriolis potential energy would have to be a tension. No such thing exists.
That is the argument that needs to be resolved as a priority.
I say '''DON'T KEEP''' because I believe that there is only one universal centrifugal force. It is the outward force associated with absolute rotation. [[User:David Tombe|David Tombe]] ([[User talk:David Tombe|talk]]) 18:58, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

:Aside from various side-issues, your argument is simply "If the topics are the same, then one page should suffice." However, completely putting to one side for the moment whether this premise is valid, the conclusion is not valid. Quoting [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_forking content forking] ''it is generally acceptable to have different levels of detail of a subject on different pages, provided that each provides a balanced view of the subject matter.''

:In addition to false conclusion, the premise is false. One page treats a limited subset of examples, the other a more general set. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 22:00, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

::Given that the other article is already 68 KB, I agree that some kind of division is needed. And a division based on this more general and more complex approach makes some sense. And there's some interest content here. So the discussion really ought to be more general, about organization and naming; deletion doesn't seem like a logical way to address the problem. [[User:Dicklyon|Dicklyon]] ([[User talk:Dicklyon|talk]]) 00:03, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

:::So far as I am concerned, this content fork does not constitute an article. In that sense it must be deleted. I don't mind if the material finds somewhere more appropriate, but this 'article' is a charade.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 00:29, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

::::I'm disturbed that you believe pronouncements supported only by your say-so are a contribution to the discussion. It would be more appropriate to engage with the alternatives to deletion suggested on this page, please. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]])

:::::So you're claiming to be disturbed that an ''Article For Delete'' discussion consists of people arguing for and against deletion???-([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

::::::Nope; just disturbed by the quality of argument. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 20:58, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Dicklyon, The problem about the 68KB could easily be remedied by drastically simplifying the article. There is not that much to centrifugal force. It is the outward force associated with rotation. All we need is a few examples such as the centrifuge, artificial gravity and planetary orbits.
The existing section on centrifugal potential energy, which is the most interesting section in the whole article, should of course be retained. It's a pity that the lesson inherent in that section has been to no avail so far.

There is no end of stuff that could be removed from all the existing articles. I have never before seen descriptions of simple circular motion situations that involve the Coriolis force.
I don't know what you mean about the more complex approach. The existing articles don't even touch on complex scenarios such as elliptical orbits. Any semblance of complexity merely reflects an ever proliferating confusion about something that is relatively simple. [[User:David Tombe|David Tombe]] ([[User talk:David Tombe|talk]]) 01:50, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

:David: All that matters for this particular debate is this very specific question: "Is [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] a [[Wikipedia:Content_forking|content fork]] of [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]?" Your remarks do not address this issue. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 13:51, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Brews, The question is whether or not I think that the centrifugal force (planar motion) article should be deleted. I think it should. There are no restrictions on what my reasons are allowed to be.
The participants should be asking themselves which of the below categories do they perceive themselves to belong to,

(A) Centrifugal force is a purely fictitious force that is only ever observed from rotating frames of reference, and that it acts on all objects in the rotating frame, irrespective of their relative motion in that frame.

(B) Centrifugal force is a real effect which is induced by actual rotation, but that the term only applies when we are using polar coordinates. When we are using Cartesian coordinates, we must then talk in terms of Newton's law of inertia. It follows therefore that centrifugal force is only a fictitious force.

(C) Centrifugal force is an effect which is observed from a rotating frame of reference. In cases in which the object in question is co-rotating then it is a real effect. In cases of partial co-rotation it is a fictitious effect to the extent that it is not rotating, and a real effect to the extent of its own actual rotation.

(D) Centrifugal force is a real outward radial effect which occurs when actual rotation occurs.

(E) None of the above.

I fall into category (D). My guess is that the rest of you will be split between (A) and (B) but that many of you will claim to fit into (E).

And to those who disgagree with (D), then take a look at the section on centrifugal potential energy. It begins with an explanation as per (A). But it finishes with a very real hydrostatic pressure for cases of co-rotation. For zero rotation in the inertial frame, there is zero centrifugal potential energy. [[User:David Tombe|David Tombe]] ([[User talk:David Tombe|talk]]) 15:16, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
:David: You are mistaken in thinking that the subject is ''deletion'' of the page [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]]. It is a narrower question, that suggests the ''grounds'' for deletion is that this page is a content fork. So I choose to defend on the narrower ground that [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]] is ''not'' a content fork. If the whole subject comes up again with new grounds, I'll cross that bridge later. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 15:40, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

'''Keep''' – I'm usually more of a deletionist, but the reasons given here for deletion don't seem to address the real issue, which is how best to organize the treatment of centrifugal force. Wishful thinking like that of David Tombe, who believes that centrifugal force would be simple if we treated it as a real force, instead of the way the physics texts do, is not helpful to the discussion. Wolfkeeper has a point about content forking, but hasn't proposed a good way to re-integrate the material. I recommend he take this discussion back to a merge/split/rename/reorg proposal on the article talk page. [[User:Dicklyon|Dicklyon]] ([[User talk:Dicklyon|talk]]) 16:44, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

:'''It's not up to me to defend the material.''' Under the wiki rules, '''the person that added it has to do that.''' He's completely failed so far, this is a '''fake article topic''' written to look like a unique definition of the term, created entirely due to the content forking caused by the material that was removed elsewhere. I also would point out that an ''AFD'' is not about ''the material'', '''it's more about the article topic'''. Unless you're arguing that the article topic is suddenly going to go or already is legitimate, you can't legitimately argue a keep. '''I'm not arguing against the material.''' If Brews takes it and puts it somewhere sensible, that's fine. '''But that's not my problem.''' People creating fake article topics make me, and everyone else here ''look bad'', as does a vote to keep. ''Please'' change your vote.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 17:52, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
::This wild response does not address the reasons for the article laid out [[#rationale|at this link]], simply a rant. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 22:17, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

*'''Keep''' so far. As a theoretical physicist, I think this article has a right to exist. It contains more advanced math, which may be unsuitable for another article (''Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)''). The scope and even the title of this article, of course, should be discussed separately. However outright deletion does not seem to be the best solution at this moment. [[User:Ruslik0|Ruslik]] ([[User talk:Ruslik0|talk]]) 18:20, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

::But that's just the problem. It doesn't have a right to exist. Why is it talking about centrifugal force in isolation to the other fictitious forces? Why is it here, and not in [[curvilinear coordinates]] and [[polar coordinate]]s. It's only here because Brews Ohare content forked it here. It makes no sense here the lead definition of the topic doesn't cover the article, doesn't distinguish it from the original article it was forked off from, and there's much better places it should go anyway. It also breaks almost every major guideline and policy you can name, [[WP:NOR]] [[WP:VER]] [[WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary]] [[WP:Notability]] I've probably missed some.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 18:45, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
:::"There's much better places it should go anyway" "It also breaks almost every major guideline and policy you can name" … - uh-huh. Pile on the specifics. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 22:32, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

*<small>'''Note''': This debate was posted to [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Physics#FYI Centrifugal force (planar motion) at AfD]]. - [[User talk:Eldereft|Eldereft]] <small>([[Special:Contributions/Eldereft|cont.]])</small> 21:08, 12 October 2008 (UTC)</small>

*'''Delete''' Content fork at a bizarre title making a completely meaningless and arbitrary distinction. There is no reason for any such division of the topic; this is why no [[WP:RS|reliable sources]] treat it so. I have not checked what was or was not in [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]] or the (I am quite sure) lengthy talk page discussions leading up to this, so it may be desirable to establish a temporary redirect or otherwise preserve the article history to make certain that anything useful (read: not trivial or redundant) is included. As a side note - where are all the [[tangent bundle]]s? - [[User talk:Eldereft|Eldereft]] <small>([[Special:Contributions/Eldereft|cont.]])</small> 19:16, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
::The assessment that the article is a "Content fork at a bizarre title making a completely meaningless and arbitrary distinction." does not address the reasons supporting this division outlined at length above. See [[#rationale|here]]. The terms "bizarre" and "meaningless" are pejorative and inflammatory, not exactly following the "be polite" admonition for Wiki discussions. If there had been "lengthy talk page discussions leading up to this" it never would have happened. Instead Wolfkeeper unilaterally and unexpectedly posted this banner for deletion without discussion. There is nothing "trivial or redundant" in the article [[Centrifugal force (planar motion)]]. I suggest you look at the article. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 20:47, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

*'''Note to moderator''' The following notifications by Brew Ohare may constitute [[WP:CANVAS]] (he could have simply tagged them):
*Sbharris: [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Sbharris&diff=prev&oldid=244546527]
*Rogerbrent [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Rogerbrent&diff=prev&oldid=244546732]
*Dicklyon [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Dicklyon&diff=prev&oldid=244545645]
*'Steve' Sbyrnes [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Sbyrnes321&diff=prev&oldid=244545986]
- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 19:23, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
:I did not know how to tag them; what I did was simply to ask for an opinion, as you can determine by reading my request for opinion on their talk pages. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 20:42, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
::You've been here a long while, I think it's reasonable for us to expect you to know and follow the rules. Merely notifying them is perfectly OK (and even then you're supposed to do it in an even handed way), telling them what you think is invalid.- ([[User:Wolfkeeper|User]]) '''Wolfkeeper''' ([[User_talk:Wolfkeeper|Talk]]) 20:51, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

:::You don't have to "expect" anything. Just look at it. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 21:26, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

*'''Merge'''. Eldereft describes the situation very well. If we deleted all the forked articles and reverted "Centrifugal force" to one year ago, that'd be an improvement over the current situation, i.m.o. --[[User:PeR|PeR]] ([[User talk:PeR|talk]]) 19:33, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
:PeR: Your comments are unresponsive to the issues already raised in support of the article. See [[#rationale|here]]. I do not see any reasoning leading to the conclusion that the topics discussed, documented, and illustrated on this page are a backward step, and reversion to a situation without this material would be a forward step. You have advanced no support for your views and conclusions, and apparently have not looked at the article in any detail. Going through the article topic by topic there is no parallel article or material in [[Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)]]. [[User:Brews ohare|Brews ohare]] ([[User talk:Brews ohare|talk]]) 20:44, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

== Headline text ==

Revision as of 22:32, 12 October 2008

Centrifugal force (planar motion)

Centrifugal force (planar motion) (edit | talk | history | protect | delete | links | watch | logs | views) (delete) – (View log)

This article is scoped, defined and edited to be purely and simply a Content fork of Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame). It consists of material that was deleted from that original article. - (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 22:52, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

This AfD requires an expert in the subject. Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 23:23, 10 October 2008 (UTC)
I am opposed to deletion; this article is not a content fork; see the discussion below and look at the article itself. There is very little overlap, neither in topics, nor figures, nor equations. Brews ohare (talk) 00:03, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Yes, well, since you wrote it, you would be opposed. The reason there's no overlap is because the material was removed from the original article, by consensus. There may be ways to keep material within the wikipedia, but a simple content fork which overlaps in scope with the original article isn't one of them.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:17, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The usage of the term Centrifugal force is synonymous with the main article. Under the wikipedia policies articles that are on synonymous usages should be merged see: Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary. Here, because the material was removed from the original article, you can't do that. So the article should be deleted or made not to be a content fork.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:20, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The article Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary is cited based upon the notion that the the two articles refer to the same concept (centrifugal force) and therefore must be in the same article. However, the two pages are not discussing the same thing: they discuss different aspects of the topic, namely, centrifugal force in the context of a uniformly rotating reference frame with a fixed axis on one page, and centrifugal force in a more general context on another page. It is not similar to the example case given in Wikipedia:Wikipedia is not a dictionary of discussing gasoline on one page and petrol on another. For more detail on the reasoning behind two pages, see this link. Brews ohare (talk) 14:16, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Yeah, right.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Keep The content of the article Centrifugal force (planar motion) is in no way a duplication of the companion articles on this subject. It concerns the details of describing centrifugal effects upon particle motions as observed from a variety of inertial and non-inertial frames of reference, and using a variety of coordinate systems (arc-length, polar, Cartesian, curvilinear). It also provides guidance to a good deal of cited work.

In contrast, the companion article Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) deals very specifically with centrifugal force as observed in reference frame rotating around a fixed axis. That's it.

To simply delete Centrifugal force (planar motion) would eliminate a good deal of useful material from Wikipedia not available elsewhere. To combine it with Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) would make that article much longer, and make it cover a wider range of topics.

In addition, Centrifugal force (planar motion) addresses the Lagrangian formulation of the problem (which applies to very general coordinate systems) and points out that "generalized" fictitious forces differ from plain old Newtonian fictitious forces, a point that has caused some debate on talk pages.

I am inclined to think Wolfkeeper does not grasp the issues here. Brews ohare (talk) 00:01, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

The article is about fictitious forces acting in a rotating reference frame. This is synonymous with that covered at the original article Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame). Under the policy WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary synonymous definitions are merged into a single article.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 00:52, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
I think it is pretty clear from the article and from what was said above that the article Centrifugal force (planar motion) is not about fictitious forces in a rotating reference frame. It is about observation of a moving particle in planar motion. It can be viewed from a variety of frames. In contrast, the examples in Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) describe motion as seen strictly from a rotating frame, and, moreover, that article is devoted to objects in uniform circular motion, not in general planar motion. Brews ohare (talk) 04:32, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
I don't see that we are reading the same article that is up for deletion. The lead says, and I quote: The centrifugal forces considered here arise when observing a moving particle from several different non-inertial frames. So, unless your centrifugal force that the article is supposed to be about is to do with a non-inertial frame that doesn't rotate(!!!!), then that's exactly opposite to what the article itself claims. Therefore, I simply cannot reconcile your comments with what the article's lead itself claims.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 04:57, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Wolfkeeper: The article lead says "This article describes the centrifugal force that acts upon objects in planar motion when observed from non-inertial reference frames."
I believe you have adopted a very narrow meaning for "planar motion" and for "non-inertial frames" that is far more restricted than these terms imply, and also far narrower than the subject of the article. If you find this lead is unclear, the debate should be over modifying the lead, not over deleting the article because you have misconstrued its subject. Your remarks seems to imply that you think all non-inertial frames are rotating. Yes, the article discusses (in part) a non-inertial frame that doesn't rotate (!!!!) Please don't get rhetorical here. This is a serious matter. Brews ohare (talk) 05:34, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Well, I simply believe you've done a content fork, and you're trying not to get it removed. The scope of the article as defined in the lead overlaps almost completely with centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) and the article body mostly contains the fraction of the material that was removed from there.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:15, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The rationale can be found at this link. Brews ohare (talk) 14:29, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Nah.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Delete The less articles on centrifugal force the better. There are some issues to be discussed regarding what Brews has said. There is the issue of the fact that there are situations in which a centrifugal force is claimed to exist from the perspective of a rotating frame of reference, yet where no such centrifugal force exists from the perspective of polar coordinates in the inertial frame. Agreement may never be reached on whether such a centrifugal force does actually exist or not in the rotating frame in that scenario. But the issue should be discussed on the talk page of a unified article. There will probably be fringe sources supporting both points of view, and a consensus may be reached to avoid the controversy altogether since the mainstream textbooks tend to be silent on that issue. The overall aim should be to have one drastically simplified article with distinct sections, and to minimize, but not necessarily eliminate the mention of Coriolis force and Euler force. David Tombe (talk) 01:20, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

There is some dispute, and it would be great to resolve it. I don't think the best approach to resolution is to delete pages that are inconvenient for some participants in the discussion. Brews ohare (talk) 04:32, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Yes, because creating fake distinctions among topics is much better idea.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Comment. IMHO the centrifugal force article(s) on Wikipedia have grown excessively due to long-standing disputes and maybe a bit of original research. Perhaps a better solution would be to write a wikibook on centrifugal force and try to write one concise encyclopedic article for Wikipedia. --Itub (talk) 07:59, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

We need to identify the key areas of conflict. I can point to at least three of these,
(1) The issue of whether the fictitious forces as derived for the purposes of rotating frames have restrictions on their applicability. I have suggested that the terms only apply to situations in which the objects in question possess the same actual rotation as the rotating frame itself. In other words, any actual effect arises from actual rotation.
(2) There is the issue concerning the fact that centrifugal force becomes inertia when we use Cartesian coordinates. I have been advocating that polar cordinates are the only realistic way of describing the centrifugal force effect.
(3) There is the issue of what has been described in these articles as 'reactive centrifugal force'. It is a knock on effect, just as weight is to gravity. Some have argued that since reactive centrifugal force doesn't act on the same object as centrifugal force, then they must be something completely different, deserving of two separate pages. I would say that the so-called reactive centrifugal force would show up implicitly in any coherent and well written article on centrifugal force without the need to even bring attention to the concept in its own right.
The aim should be for a united article, and all discussions towards that end should be on the talk page of centrifugal force (rotating frames of reference) since that is the page from which all the forks emerged, and since that is the page that google hits direct us to.David Tombe (talk) 14:52, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

David: You raise some interesting points that require attention, but all that matters for this particular debate is this very specific question: "Is Centrifugal force (planar motion) a content fork of Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)?" There is, in fact, no basis for considering it a content fork. For example,

1. The above link to Wiki definition of forking says: it is generally acceptable to have different levels of detail of a subject on different pages, provided that each provides a balanced view of the subject matter.

There can be little doubt that the level of discussion is more mathematical and more detailed on Centrifugal force (planar motion) than on Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame).

2 .The above link to Wiki definitions says: Articles on distinct but related topics may well contain a significant amount of information in common with one another. This does not make either of the two articles a content fork.

There may be some overlap between the articles, but the amount of overlap is way below "significant". For example, Centrifugal force (planar motion) deals with the non-inertial frame attached to the moving particle and with the co-rotating frame. Each of these examples brings out a very important aspect of centrifugal force for planar motion not addressed in the other article. Another example, Centrifugal force (planar motion) discusses a variety of coordinate systems, including the arc-length and curvilinear coordinate systems. The other article does not. Centrifugal force (planar motion) contains Figures not in the other article, illustrating points not raised in the other article.

In short, this motion to delete on the basis of Centrifugal force (planar motion) being a content fork of Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) is groundless. Brews ohare (talk) 15:22, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

The article was only created after material was removed from the primary article, and largely consists of material that was removed by consensus from there. That's a content fork. Content forks are highly undesirable in the wikipedia, and I strongly encourage everyone to vote for the removal.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:12, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

Keep. I think this article is an excellent supplement to the existing articles on classical mechanics. We should all be grateful to Brews Ohare for willing to spend so much time and effort here to write physics articles.

I don't understand why the "content forking" issue is seen as a problem. Content forking is only a problem if someone's edits are deleted because the edits are wrong, not if they are too technical for the article. In this case, you don't want to write in an introductory article about centrifugal force about the Lagrangian approach, certainly not about the formalism of differential geometry.

However, the Lagrangian formalism is the standard formalism to solve problems in classical mechanics. No one I know actually uses the cumbersome formalism presented in the wiki article about fictitious force for anything but the simplest cases, except perhaps if you are a first year physics student doing his homework.

Wikipedia should be a place where an interested high school student should be able to read an article about fictitious force at his/her level, and it should be a place where a physics student can read an article that explains how one can write down the equations of motion for a particle moving in a rubber tube that is moving and deforming in some arbitrary way. Count Iblis (talk) 15:49, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

So, if I understand you correctly, you agree that this is a content fork. You also seem to say that a high school student should be able to read the article, but I wasn't aware that Lagrangians were really high school level material.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:05, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
My concerns are that the article was only created when material was removed from the centrifugal force and follows none of the norms for content forks that are outlined at WP:Content forking#What content/POV forking is not, and is not on any well-defined encyclopedic topic, and the introduction reads like a content fork when you compare it with the original article.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:05, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
No, what I'm saying is that wikipedia should have articles at different levels suitable for people ranging from complete lay persons to profdessional physicists. Should we delete an article useful to students just because there exists an article on the same topic, but which is written for kindergarten level students? Count Iblis (talk) 16:55, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
We're not supposed to invent terms just to keep professional physicists happy, no. This is an encyclopedia which is primarily intended for a general audience, not a highly specialised one. If there are aspects of the topic that are especially complex they need to go in subarticles or be referred out to a full treatment where that's more appropriate, not by creating content forks and pretending that they're new topics entirely.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 17:26, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Hey, keeping a professional physicist happy is tougher than inventing terms. :-) You appear to be recommending creation of a broad summary page referring out to several branch articles. That would supplement the existing disambiguation page, and be linked by it, right? Brews ohare (talk) 18:14, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
I doubt it.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Key question – I haven't studied the citation or this discussion yet enough to know if it has been addressed, but I think the key question is whether the distinction between these two articles is a distinction that can be found in a reliable source. Can someone point out a source that makes such a distinction, as opposed to just different sources that adopt diffferent approaches to centrifugal force? Dicklyon (talk) 16:25, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

I really, really doubt that there's anything like that out there that says that there's distinct sorts of centrifugal force 'planar' and 'non planar'.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:37, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
This is a key question. Wiki guidelines say: Summary style articles, with sub-articles giving greater detail, are not content forking, provided that all the sub-articles, and the summary conform to Neutral Point of View. Maybe some such summary style article is needed? Brews ohare (talk) 17:42, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Possibly, but this isn't. It's simply a content fork.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 17:54, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Brews, I'm inviting you to answer it. Since it's your fork, please tell us what source this kind of fork comes from. If there's no source for splitting the treatment of centrifugal force this way, then I don't see why we should do it. The issue of doing a summary and subarticles seems completely independent – an alternative proposal. Dicklyon (talk) 19:50, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

Rationale: Well, as explained elsewhere in this discussion, there is no claim that there are "distinct sorts" of centrifugal force, "planar" or otherwise. The idea is simply that the topic is broad and a division of topics seems to make for a more useful discussion. The division is helpful in separating simple examples from the more complex.
It places a number of popular and simple examples on the page Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame). These examples employ constant angular rotation about a fixed axis of rotation. Probably this page will be accessible to most readers and will be sufficient for their purposes.
However, a great many topics are not covered. Some of these are now on Centrifugal force (planar motion), and are discussed, not in the context of uniform rotation about a fixed axis, but in the context of a particle moving in an arbitrary path on a plane with arbitrary time-dependence. These examples are not a re-hash of what was said on the other page, and present some significant new results and approaches.
Centrifugal force (planar motion) is more demanding of the reader, and probably not everyone will look at it. So its separation from Centrifugal force (planar motion) is based largely upon expectation of a different audience.
For a broad subject, a division of some kind seems useful. I do not think this particular division is followed by any particular textbook, but then they have a thousand pages to do stuff, and their division is affected by that fact. They also expect a committed readership (students, maybe), and not browsers with varying degrees of interest and background.
In any event, Centrifugal force (planar motion) certainly is not a content fork, and covers different material intended for a different audience with a different background. As said at the link just cited: It is generally acceptable to have different levels of detail of a subject on different pages, provided that each provides a balanced view of the subject matter. and: Articles on distinct but related topics may well contain a significant amount of information in common with one another. However successfully this pair of pages covers the subject, deleting one of them is not going to improve matters. Brews ohare (talk) 23:04, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Insertion of response from Dicklyon added at bottom of page that seems pertinent here: Brews ohare (talk) 00:25, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Given that the other article is already 68 KB, I agree that some kind of division is needed. And a division based on this more general and more complex approach makes some sense. And there's some interesting content here. So the discussion really ought to be more general, about organization and naming; deletion doesn't seem like a logical way to address the problem. Dicklyon (talk) 00:03, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Great, now you're even content forking other people's comments!!!- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 02:04, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Addressing the points. This article doesn't address a balanced view of the subject matter, it artificially restricts itself to a subset of the material that 'just happens' to match the material deleted from the main article. It's like an article Brown horse (white feet). In some cases, where a brown horse with white feet might have some genetic trait that make the topic notable it might be fair enough to create an article on a restricted topic. There's nothing like that here. The "(planar motion)" sic works just the same as any other centrifugal force in a coordinate system.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 20:04, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Of course the article treats a "subset of the material"; how could a finite length article do otherwise? That length restriction is not evidence for a lack of balance, per se. Lack of balance suggests one view of something is unfairly emphasized. If you believe that, provide support. Mere assertion is insufficient.
The rationale provided at this link explains why the article has been separated from Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame). Instead of inventing straw men, address the issues. Brews ohare (talk) 21:24, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Provisional Keep My own comment above was this rather involved article would require the attention of an expert in the field, as I am unable to read/understand the article and make a determination as to whether the content is accurate or not. But that flaw is my own and not the article's, as I am not an advanced mathematician. But I did not know that Wiki was designed with the goal of being understood by high school students. I would think that like any encyclodia, if a subject being covered requires the language and explanations of that subject matter, as long as it is accurate and sourced it may be included. Again, this requires the attention of experts in that field... and hopefully such experts will come forward and qualify theeir expertise when making an educated comments. If the author states that it is not a content fork, I will assume good faith that it is not so. That it contains informations removed from a seperate article, should not defacto make it a fork, as the language of mechanical physics is universal to the subject. As for "content forking", I am of the opinion if a parent article was so lengthy and in-depth that informations were removed in the interest of simplicity/clarity/length, it would make sense to then have a second article that covered the removed informations if they were important enough to merit aa seperate article. Not using any specific WP:WAX, there are satelite articles for other subjects that cover aspects of their parent articles. This may well be the same. But again, I do not have the technical expertise to know one way or the other. My keep is "provsional" as I watch this AfD. The article does not look or feel like a hoax. It is well sourced. In the field of mechanical or astrometric physics it may be a notable as Tom Crise's latest film. Perspective gentlemen... perspective. Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 16:38, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

The problem is that it's not advertising or describing itself as a satellite of the main article, it's saying that it's a different sort of centrifugal force. But it self evidently is not that.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 16:48, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Good. Then as an independent article, that should be fixed and the article remain. Cleanup is never a valid reason for deletion. Was this discussed in the article's talk page? Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The problem is, because it's a content fork, it's not an independent article, neither in scope, nor material. And yes, the removal of this sort of material was discussed in Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame).- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 02:04, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Your objection might be met by rewriting the intro. The article Centrifugal force (planar motion) is not intended to indicate it deals with a fundamentally different kind of centrifugal force; its intention is to deal with the determination of the centrifugal force for the case of general planar motion as seen from a variety of non-inertial frames. Maybe an analogy is finding the bandwidth in two different amplifier designs: bandwidth is still bandwidth, but its dependence on the circuit variables is different. For example, in a frame attached to the particle, centrifugal force is related to the center of curvature of the path; in a co-rotating frame it is related to the distance of the particle from the origin of the frame. Brews ohare (talk) 17:05, 11 October 2008 (UTC).
Exactly. A rewrite addresses this concern. Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Oh well, if it's only a rewrite of all this consensus-deleted material and the introduction that's all right then.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
... and the article title. Hint: I'm being ironic.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
I can't actually find any connection between the lead and the body, they actually talk about different things. The body is just material removed from the main article, and the lead is just the original lead with a few words changed here and there to make the content fork less obvious. Apparently a lot of people are being taken in by this ruse.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 17:49, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Then the lead can be nodified to nore coherently (in your opinion) flow into the body. Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
No, articles are supposed to be on a topic. There's no overarching topic.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The lead is not the issue; the content of the article is the issue, and it is not a content fork according to the directly quoted excerpts from content fork. Brews ohare (talk) 18:06, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Then if its not a fork, what's the deal? Schmidt, MICHAEL Q. 19:46, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
The deal is that most of this material was previously in another article. But Oh dear, it got deleted, but that's OK, we can always OR up a completely non standard topic, add it to the disambiguation page, and add that to the wikipedia, right?- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
All the topics discussed on Centrifugal force (planar motion) are standard topics and are cited extensively. They are grouped together here as they apply to a particular subject, namely general planar motion of a particle. Brews ohare (talk) 23:45, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
As it says in WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary encyclopedia articles are on a (singular) topic, not all the topics; A topic.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 02:09, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
As noted at this link, the topic for one page is centrifugal force in the context of a uniformly rotating reference frame with fixed axis, and the topic for the second page is centrifugal force in the context of general planar motion of a particle as seen from various reference frames and employing various coordinate systems. In no way does this division contradict any guidelines in WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary. Brews ohare (talk) 14:22, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
B******s.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Keep: It seems to me like Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) is about the centrifugal force that comes about in a uniformly rotating reference frame, and Centrifugal force (planar motion) is about the centrifugal force in reference frames in general motion. The second is more general, the first is simpler and more often used. Sure, I think there's room for improvement in explaining the scope and divvying up the content of both articles, but I don't think deletion is called for. --Steve (talk) 17:33, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

Unfortunately for this theory, the original article covers non uniformly rotating reference frames as well, and does it in 3-space, whereas this one only covers the bits that were removed, and only then in 2D.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 17:49, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
No material has been created that deals with particle motion on 3-D space curves; of course, it could be done, but involves some additional vectors and concepts from differential geometry. I doubt that added complexity would affect your point of view positively. 2-D planar motion is a half-way house.
The maths in the original article deals with all 3-D space curves as you well know, including the subset that are 2-D.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 21:41, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Maybe you could provide a link to the old material you refer to. I am saying no material for 3D motion analogous to the arc-length description here has been developed. Brews ohare (talk) 15:06, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Wolfkeeper, I'm confused, are you saying that Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) has a discussion of non uniformly rotating reference frames? If so, I don't see it.... Thanks, --Steve (talk) 20:21, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
There's no special equation or behaviour for centrifugal force for non uniformly rotating reference frames. The article doesn't limit itself to uniformly rotating reference frames in any way.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 20:34, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
I assume you mean to say that Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) "doesn't limit itself to uniformly rotating reference frames in any way." Having written all the examples and provided all the figures for these examples with the exception of potential energy, I am confident that they deal with uniform rotation. Brews ohare (talk) 21:05, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Of course, even the 2-D planar motion examples agree with Steve's description of the article Centrifugal force (planar motion) as more general, though less often used than Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame). Again, not a content fork. Brews ohare (talk) 18:06, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

We first have to decide if the two centrifugal forces are the same or not. If they are the same, then there should only be one article. If they can be shown to be different, then that might make a case for having two articles. However, if there is an endless dispute about whether or not they are the same or different, it means that the two are sufficiently associated together to be presented in different sections of the same article. The claim for them being different is that in 'rotating frames' there is a school of thought that the centrifugal force applies to every object irrespective of its relative motion, whereas it is only in the case of co-rotation that this centrifugal force coincides with the outward force of planetary orbits. It is this latter effect which is the centrifugal force as is understood by the man in the street. Quality university textbooks such as Goldstein's are silent on the issue of whether or not centrifugal force in rotating frames applies to objects that are not co-rotating. But all the worked examples assume co-rotation. Any examples that involve the Earth's rotation will always assume co-rotation. There are however websites and scientific journal articles which specifically focus on the idea that centrifugal force acts on objects at rest in the inertial frame as observed from a rotating frame. There are also scientific journals which claim the opposite and state that centrifugal force is something which applies to objects that are at rest in a rotating frame of reference. In order to resolve this dispute, I would draw attention to centrifugal potential energy. It only occurs when absolute rotation occurs. The counter argument is that centrifugal force as observed on an object at rest in the inertial frame is overridden by a radially inward Coriolis force. But we would then need to have a Coriolis potential energy in order to cancel out the centrifugal potential energy. And the Coriolis potential energy would have to be a tension. No such thing exists. That is the argument that needs to be resolved as a priority. I say DON'T KEEP because I believe that there is only one universal centrifugal force. It is the outward force associated with absolute rotation. David Tombe (talk) 18:58, 11 October 2008 (UTC)

Aside from various side-issues, your argument is simply "If the topics are the same, then one page should suffice." However, completely putting to one side for the moment whether this premise is valid, the conclusion is not valid. Quoting content forking it is generally acceptable to have different levels of detail of a subject on different pages, provided that each provides a balanced view of the subject matter.
In addition to false conclusion, the premise is false. One page treats a limited subset of examples, the other a more general set. Brews ohare (talk) 22:00, 11 October 2008 (UTC)
Given that the other article is already 68 KB, I agree that some kind of division is needed. And a division based on this more general and more complex approach makes some sense. And there's some interest content here. So the discussion really ought to be more general, about organization and naming; deletion doesn't seem like a logical way to address the problem. Dicklyon (talk) 00:03, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
So far as I am concerned, this content fork does not constitute an article. In that sense it must be deleted. I don't mind if the material finds somewhere more appropriate, but this 'article' is a charade.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 00:29, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
I'm disturbed that you believe pronouncements supported only by your say-so are a contribution to the discussion. It would be more appropriate to engage with the alternatives to deletion suggested on this page, please. Brews ohare (talk)
So you're claiming to be disturbed that an Article For Delete discussion consists of people arguing for and against deletion???-(User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:07, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
Nope; just disturbed by the quality of argument. Brews ohare (talk) 20:58, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Dicklyon, The problem about the 68KB could easily be remedied by drastically simplifying the article. There is not that much to centrifugal force. It is the outward force associated with rotation. All we need is a few examples such as the centrifuge, artificial gravity and planetary orbits. The existing section on centrifugal potential energy, which is the most interesting section in the whole article, should of course be retained. It's a pity that the lesson inherent in that section has been to no avail so far.

There is no end of stuff that could be removed from all the existing articles. I have never before seen descriptions of simple circular motion situations that involve the Coriolis force. I don't know what you mean about the more complex approach. The existing articles don't even touch on complex scenarios such as elliptical orbits. Any semblance of complexity merely reflects an ever proliferating confusion about something that is relatively simple. David Tombe (talk) 01:50, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

David: All that matters for this particular debate is this very specific question: "Is Centrifugal force (planar motion) a content fork of Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)?" Your remarks do not address this issue. Brews ohare (talk) 13:51, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Brews, The question is whether or not I think that the centrifugal force (planar motion) article should be deleted. I think it should. There are no restrictions on what my reasons are allowed to be. The participants should be asking themselves which of the below categories do they perceive themselves to belong to,

(A) Centrifugal force is a purely fictitious force that is only ever observed from rotating frames of reference, and that it acts on all objects in the rotating frame, irrespective of their relative motion in that frame.

(B) Centrifugal force is a real effect which is induced by actual rotation, but that the term only applies when we are using polar coordinates. When we are using Cartesian coordinates, we must then talk in terms of Newton's law of inertia. It follows therefore that centrifugal force is only a fictitious force.

(C) Centrifugal force is an effect which is observed from a rotating frame of reference. In cases in which the object in question is co-rotating then it is a real effect. In cases of partial co-rotation it is a fictitious effect to the extent that it is not rotating, and a real effect to the extent of its own actual rotation.

(D) Centrifugal force is a real outward radial effect which occurs when actual rotation occurs.

(E) None of the above.

I fall into category (D). My guess is that the rest of you will be split between (A) and (B) but that many of you will claim to fit into (E).

And to those who disgagree with (D), then take a look at the section on centrifugal potential energy. It begins with an explanation as per (A). But it finishes with a very real hydrostatic pressure for cases of co-rotation. For zero rotation in the inertial frame, there is zero centrifugal potential energy. David Tombe (talk) 15:16, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

David: You are mistaken in thinking that the subject is deletion of the page Centrifugal force (planar motion). It is a narrower question, that suggests the grounds for deletion is that this page is a content fork. So I choose to defend on the narrower ground that Centrifugal force (planar motion) is not a content fork. If the whole subject comes up again with new grounds, I'll cross that bridge later. Brews ohare (talk) 15:40, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Keep – I'm usually more of a deletionist, but the reasons given here for deletion don't seem to address the real issue, which is how best to organize the treatment of centrifugal force. Wishful thinking like that of David Tombe, who believes that centrifugal force would be simple if we treated it as a real force, instead of the way the physics texts do, is not helpful to the discussion. Wolfkeeper has a point about content forking, but hasn't proposed a good way to re-integrate the material. I recommend he take this discussion back to a merge/split/rename/reorg proposal on the article talk page. Dicklyon (talk) 16:44, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

It's not up to me to defend the material. Under the wiki rules, the person that added it has to do that. He's completely failed so far, this is a fake article topic written to look like a unique definition of the term, created entirely due to the content forking caused by the material that was removed elsewhere. I also would point out that an AFD is not about the material, it's more about the article topic. Unless you're arguing that the article topic is suddenly going to go or already is legitimate, you can't legitimately argue a keep. I'm not arguing against the material. If Brews takes it and puts it somewhere sensible, that's fine. But that's not my problem. People creating fake article topics make me, and everyone else here look bad, as does a vote to keep. Please change your vote.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 17:52, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
This wild response does not address the reasons for the article laid out at this link, simply a rant. Brews ohare (talk) 22:17, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
  • Keep so far. As a theoretical physicist, I think this article has a right to exist. It contains more advanced math, which may be unsuitable for another article (Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame)). The scope and even the title of this article, of course, should be discussed separately. However outright deletion does not seem to be the best solution at this moment. Ruslik (talk) 18:20, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
But that's just the problem. It doesn't have a right to exist. Why is it talking about centrifugal force in isolation to the other fictitious forces? Why is it here, and not in curvilinear coordinates and polar coordinates. It's only here because Brews Ohare content forked it here. It makes no sense here the lead definition of the topic doesn't cover the article, doesn't distinguish it from the original article it was forked off from, and there's much better places it should go anyway. It also breaks almost every major guideline and policy you can name, WP:NOR WP:VER WP:Wikipedia is not a dictionary WP:Notability I've probably missed some.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 18:45, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
"There's much better places it should go anyway" "It also breaks almost every major guideline and policy you can name" … - uh-huh. Pile on the specifics. Brews ohare (talk) 22:32, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
  • Delete Content fork at a bizarre title making a completely meaningless and arbitrary distinction. There is no reason for any such division of the topic; this is why no reliable sources treat it so. I have not checked what was or was not in Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame) or the (I am quite sure) lengthy talk page discussions leading up to this, so it may be desirable to establish a temporary redirect or otherwise preserve the article history to make certain that anything useful (read: not trivial or redundant) is included. As a side note - where are all the tangent bundles? - Eldereft (cont.) 19:16, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
The assessment that the article is a "Content fork at a bizarre title making a completely meaningless and arbitrary distinction." does not address the reasons supporting this division outlined at length above. See here. The terms "bizarre" and "meaningless" are pejorative and inflammatory, not exactly following the "be polite" admonition for Wiki discussions. If there had been "lengthy talk page discussions leading up to this" it never would have happened. Instead Wolfkeeper unilaterally and unexpectedly posted this banner for deletion without discussion. There is nothing "trivial or redundant" in the article Centrifugal force (planar motion). I suggest you look at the article. Brews ohare (talk) 20:47, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
  • Note to moderator The following notifications by Brew Ohare may constitute WP:CANVAS (he could have simply tagged them):
  • Sbharris: [1]
  • Rogerbrent [2]
  • Dicklyon [3]
  • 'Steve' Sbyrnes [4]

- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 19:23, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

I did not know how to tag them; what I did was simply to ask for an opinion, as you can determine by reading my request for opinion on their talk pages. Brews ohare (talk) 20:42, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
You've been here a long while, I think it's reasonable for us to expect you to know and follow the rules. Merely notifying them is perfectly OK (and even then you're supposed to do it in an even handed way), telling them what you think is invalid.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 20:51, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
You don't have to "expect" anything. Just look at it. Brews ohare (talk) 21:26, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
  • Merge. Eldereft describes the situation very well. If we deleted all the forked articles and reverted "Centrifugal force" to one year ago, that'd be an improvement over the current situation, i.m.o. --PeR (talk) 19:33, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
PeR: Your comments are unresponsive to the issues already raised in support of the article. See here. I do not see any reasoning leading to the conclusion that the topics discussed, documented, and illustrated on this page are a backward step, and reversion to a situation without this material would be a forward step. You have advanced no support for your views and conclusions, and apparently have not looked at the article in any detail. Going through the article topic by topic there is no parallel article or material in Centrifugal force (rotating reference frame). Brews ohare (talk) 20:44, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

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