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Conspiracy Theory (Tupac Shakur)

Entirely Original Research and theory. Escape Orbit ^(Talk) 22:46, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

Delete soapy OR essay. Doc Strange^MailboxLogbook 23:14, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

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+===[[Conspiracy Theory (Tupac Shakur)]]===
-{{Infobox Language
+{{REMOVE THIS TEMPLATE WHEN CLOSING THIS AfD|M}}
-|name=Tûrôyo
-|nativename=<span dir="rtl">ܛܘܪܝܐ</span>&nbsp;''{{unicode|Ṭuroyo}}'', <span dir="rtl">ܨܘܪܝܬ</span>&nbsp;''{{unicode|Ṣurayt}}'', <span dir="rtl">ܣܘܪܝܝܐ</span>&nbsp;''Sëryoyo''
-|pronunciation=/tˤurˈɔjɔ/, /sˤuˈrajt/, /sərˈjɔjɔ/
-|states=[[Turkey]], [[Syria]]; also in [[Argentina]], [[Australia]], [[Belgium]], [[Brazil]], [[Canada]], [[Germany]], [[Iraq]], [[Lebanon]], [[Netherlands]], [[Sweden]], [[USA]]
-|region=[[Mardin Province]] of southeastern [[Turkey]]; [[Al Hasakah]] and [[Qamishli]] in northeastern [[Syria]]
-|speakers= 112,000<ref>http://www.joshuaproject.net/peoples.php?rop3=210540</ref>
-|familycolor=Afro-Asiatic
-|fam2=[[Semitic languages|Semitic]]
-|fam3=[[West Semitic languages|West Semitic]]
-|fam4=[[Central Semitic languages|Central Semitic]]
-|fam5=[[Northwest Semitic languages|Northwest Semitic]]
-|fam6=[[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]
-|fam7=Eastern Aramaic
-|fam8=[[Neo-Aramaic languages|Northern Neo-Aramaic]]
-|fam9=[[Central Neo-Aramaic]]
-|script=[[Syriac alphabet|Syriac abjad]] (Serto variant), [[Latin alphabet]] has been modified for writing Turoyo in [[Sweden]]
-|iso2=sem|iso3=tru}}
-'''Turoyo''' is a Modern West [[Syriac language]], a dialect of [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]. It is traditionally spoken in eastern [[Turkey]] and north-eastern [[Syria]] by the [[Aramean-Syriac people]], but also by a small minority of the [[Chaldean people]].
+:{{la|Conspiracy Theory (Tupac Shakur)}} (<span class="plainlinks">[{{fullurl:Conspiracy Theory (Tupac Shakur)|wpReason={{urlencode: [[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Conspiracy Theory (Tupac Shakur)]]}}&action=delete}} delete]</span>) – <includeonly>([[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Conspiracy Theory (Tupac Shakur)|View AfD]])</includeonly><noinclude>([[Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2008 October 12#{{anchorencode:Conspiracy Theory (Tupac Shakur)}}|View log]])</noinclude>
-==Etymology==
+Entirely Original Research and theory. <font color="purple">[[User:Escape_Orbit|Escape Orbit]]</font> <sup>[[User_talk:Escape_Orbit|(Talk)]]</sup> 22:46, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
-From the word ''{{unicode|ṭuro}}'', meaning 'mountain', {{unicode|Ṭuroyo}} is the mountain tongue of the [[Tur Abdin]] in southeastern [[Turkey]]. A far older name for the language is ''{{unicode|Ṣurayt}}'',<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=uobw_kBXx74C&printsec=frontcover#PPA36,M1</ref> and it is used by a number of speakers of the language in preference to ''{{unicode|Ṭuroyo}}''. The [[etymology]] of this name is difficult, but is probably linked to the word 'Syriac'. However, especially in the [[diaspora]], the language is frequently called ''Sëryoyo'' (or ''Sŭryoyo'' or ''Saryoyo'' depending on dialect), also meaning 'Syriac', seemingly imported from [[Syriac language|Classical Syriac]]. Most speakers use Classical Syriac, or ''Kthobonoyo'', for literature and worship. Turoyo speakers are all traditionally members of the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]]. There is increasing interest in reviving Kthobonoyo, the classical language, as a spoken language. This is most acute among non-Turoyo-speaking Syriac Orthodox, whose first language may be [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[German language|German]], [[Swedish language|Swedish]], [[English language|English]], [[Malayalam]] or another language. This, and the church's preference for Kthobonoyo, has had some impact on Turoyo.
+*'''Delete''' [[WP:SOAP|soapy]] [[WP:OR|OR]] [[WP:NOTOR|essay]]. [[User:Doc Strange| Doc Strange]]<sup>[[User talk:Doc Strange|Mailbox]]</sup><small>[[Special:Contributions/Doc Strange|Logbook]]</small> 23:14, 12 October 2008 (UTC)
-==History==
-Until recently, Turoyo was a spoken vernacular and was never written down: Kthobonoyo was the written language. In the 1880s, various attempts were made, with the encouragement of western missionaries, to write Turoyo in the [[Syriac alphabet]], in the ''Serto'' script used for West-Syriac Kthobonoyo. However, with upheaval in their homeland through the twentieth century, many Turoyo speakers have emigrated around the world (particularly to [[Syria]], the [[Lebanon]], [[Sweden]] and [[Germany]]). The Swedish government's education policy, that every child be educated in his or her [[mother tongue]], led to the commissioning of teaching materials in Turoyo. Yusuf Ishaq, thus, developed a written language for Turoyo that uses the [[Latin alphabet]]. The series of reading books and workbooks that use Ishaq's written Turoyo are called ''Toxu Qorena!'', or "Come Let's Read!" This project has also produced a [[Swedish language|Swedish]]-Turoyo dictionary of 4500 entries: the ''Svensk-turabdinskt Lexikon: Leksiqon Swedoyo-Suryoyo''.
-Turoyo has borrowed many words from [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] and [[Turkish language|Turkish]]. The main dialect of Turoyo is that of [[Midyat]] (Mëḏyoyo), in the east of Turkey's [[Mardin Province]]. The four villages of Midin, Kfarze, `Iwardo and Anhil, and the Raite (a cluster of seven small villages) all have distinctive Turoyo dialects (Midwoyo, Kfarzoyo, `Iwarnoyo, Nihloyo and Raityoyo respectively). All Turoyo dialects are mutually intelligible with each other. Many Turoyo speakers who have left their villages now speak a mixed dialect of their village dialect with the Midyat dialect. This mixture of dialects was used by Ishaq as the basis of his system of written Turoyo. For example, Ishaq's reading book uses the word ''qorena'' in its title instead of the Mëḏyoyo ''qurena'' or the village-dialect ''qorina''. All speakers are bilingual in another local language. Church schools in Syria and the Lebanon teach Kthobonoyo rather than Turoyo, and encourage the replacement of non-Syriac loanwords with authentic Syriac ones. Some church leaders have tried to discourage the use and writing of Turoyo, seeing it as an impure form of Syriac.
-==Pronunciation and grammar==
-Phonetically, Turoyo is very similar to Classical Syriac. The additional [[phoneme]]s {{IPA|/ʤ/}} (as in '''''j'''u'''dg'''e''), {{IPA|/ʧ/}} (as in '''''ch'''ur'''ch''''') {{IPA|/ʒ/}} (as in ''a'''z'''ure'') and {{IPA|/ðˤ/}} (the Arabic [[ẓāʼ]]) mostly only appear in loanwords from other languages. The most distinctive feature of Turoyo phonolgy is its use of [[reduced vowel]]s in [[syllable|closed syllable]]s. The phonetic value of these reduced vowels differs depending both on the value of original vowel and the dialect spoken. The Mëḏyoyo dialect also reduces vowels in pre-stress open syllables. This has the effect of producing a syllabic [[schwa]] in most dialects (in Classical Syriac the schwa is not syllabic).
-The verbal system of Turoyo is similar to that used in other [[Neo-Aramaic languages]]. In Classical Syriac, the ancient perfect and imperfect tenses had started to become preterite and future tenses respectively, and other tenses were formed by using the [[participle]]s with [[pronoun|pronominal]] [[clitic]]s or shortened forms of the verb ''hwā'' ('to become'). Most modern Aramaic languages have completely abandoned the old tenses and form all tenses from stems based around the old participles. The classical clitics have become incorporated fully into the verb form, and can be considered more like inflections.
-Turoyo has also developed the use of the [[demonstrative pronoun]]s much further than any other Aramaic language. In Turoyo, they have become [[definite article]]s. Thus:
-*masculine singular: u-malko (''the king'')
-*feminine singular: i-malëkṯo (''the queen'')
-*plural common: am-malke (''the kings''), am-malëkōṯo (village dialects: am-malëkōṯe; ''the queens'').
-The Modern Western Syriac dialect of [[Mlahsô language|Mlahsô]] and `Ansha villages in [[Diyarbakır Province]] is quite different from Turoyo. It is virtually extinct; its last few speakers live in [[Qamishli]] in northeastern [[Syria]]. Turoyo is also more closely related to other [[neo-Syriac]] dialects than the Western Neo-Aramaic dialect of [[Western Neo-Aramaic|Ma'loula]].<ref>[http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0041-977X%281968%2931%3A3%3C605%3ATDVDSC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 31, No. 3 (1968), pp. 605-610]</ref>
-==References==
-{{reflist}}
-*Heinrichs, Wolfhart (ed.) (1990). ''Studies in Neo-Aramaic''. Scholars Press: Atlanta, Georgia. ISBN 1-55540-430-8.
-*Jastrow, Otto (1985). ''Laut- und Formenlehre des neuaramäischen Dialekts von Mīdin im Ṭur  <sup>c</sup>Abdīn''. Otto Harrowitz Verlag: Wiesbaden.
-*Jastrow, Otto (1992). ''Lehrbuch der Ṭuroyo-Sprache''. Otto Harrowitz Verlag: Wiesbaden. ISBN 3-447-03213-8.
-*Tezel, Aziz (2003). ''Comparative Etymological Studies in the Western Neo-Syriac (Ṭūrōyo) Lexicon: with special reference to homonyms, related words and borrowings with cultural signification''. Uppsala Universitet. ISBN 91-554-5555-7.
-==See also==
-*[[Aramean-Syriac people]]
-*[[Assyrian people]]
-*[[Aramaic language]]
-*[[Mlahsô language]]
-*[[Syriac alphabet]]
-*[[Syriac language]]
-*[[Tur Abdin]]
-==External links==
-*[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=tru Ethnologue report for Turoyo].
-*[http://semarch.uni-hd.de/dokumentgruppen.php4?ST_ID=5&DT_ID=106 Semitisches Tonarchiv: Dokumentgruppe "Aramäisch/Turoyo" (text in German)].
-*[http://www.yauno.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=226 Yauno: The Syriac Community{{ndash}} Wie erkenne ich nicht-aramäische Wörter in Turoyo?] (How do I recognise non-Aramaic words in Turoyo?)
-*[http://www.jaas.org/edocs/v1/jastrow.pdf The Turoyo language today]
-{{Neo-Aramaic}}
-{{Syriacs}}
-[[Category:Endangered languages]]
-[[Category:Languages of Syria]]
-[[Category:Languages of Turkey]]
-[[Category:Neo-Aramaic languages]]
-[[br:Touroyoeg]]
-[[de:Turoyo]]
-[[mk:Туројо јазик]]
-[[sv:Turoyospråket]]
-[[zh:圖羅尤語]]