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Coordinates: 40°42′8″N 89°33′16″W / 40.70222°N 89.55444°W / 40.70222; -89.55444
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{{Infobox lake
{{Infobox body of water
| name = Peoria Lake
| name = Peoria Lake
| image = Peoria Lake Cooper Park South 20231027 0037.jpg
| image =
| caption = Peoria Lake, with downtown Peoria in the distance
| caption =
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| caption_bathymetry =
| image_bathymetry =
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| location = [[Peoria County, Illinois|Peoria]] / [[Tazewell County, Illinois|Tazewell]] counties, [[Illinois|Illinois, U.S.]]
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| caption_bathymetry =
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| coords = {{coord|40|42|8|N|89|33|16|W|region:US-IL_type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
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| location = [[Peoria County, Illinois|Peoria]] / [[Tazewell County, Illinois|Tazewell]] counties, [[Illinois|Illinois, U.S.]]
| type =
⚫
| coords = {{coord|40|42|8|N|89|33|16|W|region:US-IL_type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
| inflow = [[Illinois River]] ([[Upper Peoria Lake]])
| type =
| inflow = [[Illinois River]] ([[Upper Peoria Lake]])
| outflow = [[Illinois River]]
⚫
| catchment =
| outflow = [[Illinois River]]
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| basin_countries = United States
⚫
| catchment =
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| length =
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| basin_countries = United States
| width =
⚫
| length =
| area =
| width =
| depth =
| area =
| depth =
| max-depth =
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| volume =
| max-depth =
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| residence_time =
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| volume =
| shore =
⚫
| residence_time =
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| elevation =
| shore =
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| islands =
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| elevation =
| cities = <!-- Map -->
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| islands =
| pushpin_map = Illinois#USA
| cities =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt = Location of Peoria Lake in Illinois, USA.
| pushpin_map_caption = <!-- Below -->
| website =
| reference =
}}
}}
[[File:La Salle on ice by E.H. Garret 1883.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Explorers [[Louis Joliet|Joliet]] and [[Jacques Marquette|Marquette]] arriving at Peoria Lake in 1674]]
[[File:La Salle on ice by E.H. Garret 1883.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Explorers [[Louis Joliet|Joliet]] and [[Jacques Marquette|Marquette]] arriving at Peoria Lake in 1674]]
'''Peoria Lake''' is a section of the [[Illinois River]] between [[Peoria, Illinois|Peoria]] in [[Peoria County, Illinois]] and [[East Peoria, Illinois|East Peoria]] in [[Tazewell County, Illinois]]. The oldest section of [[Peoria, Illinois|Peoria]], the largest city on the river, lies at its shores.
'''Peoria Lake''', sometimes called '''Lower Peoria Lake''', is a section of the [[Illinois River]] between [[Peoria, Illinois|Peoria]] in [[Peoria County, Illinois]] and [[East Peoria, Illinois|East Peoria]] in [[Tazewell County, Illinois]]. The oldest section of [[Peoria, Illinois|Peoria]], the largest city on the river, lies at its shores. From a modern perspective, the lake runs from just south of the [[McClugage Bridge]] ([[U.S. Highway 24|US 24]]/[[U.S. Highway 150|US 150]]/War Memorial Drive) to the [[Murray Baker Bridge]] ([[Interstate 74]]). The larger [[Upper Peoria Lake]] flows into the lake on its north side, at approximately river mile 166.5.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=US Army Corps of Engineers, Rock Island District |date=1990-07-01 |title=Peoria Lake Enhancement |url=https://www.mvr.usace.army.mil/Portals/48/docs/Environmental/UMRR/HREP/MVR/PeoriaLake/PeoriaDprJuly90.pdf |access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref>


== History ==
The lake is formed by a broadening of the [[Illinois River]], and was first mentioned by the [[Louis Joliet]] and [[Jacques Marquette]] expedition in 1674. Several important [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] settlements were located close to it, like the main villages of the [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]] and [[Potawatomi]] tribes. Prior to European colonization, the lake was called '''Pimitoui''' ("Fat Lake").
Several important [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] settlements were located close to the lake, like the main villages of the [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]] and [[Potawatomi]] tribes.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Spooner |first=Harry L. |date=1944 |title=The Historic Indian Villages of the Peoria Lake Area |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43579198 |journal=Journal of the Illinois State Archaeological Society |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=15–18 |jstor=43579198 |issn=2469-2824}}</ref> Other tribes may have used it as a game preserve during the winter while living in the Kaskaskia village, as the area was known for its "fat beasts".<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Morrissey |first=Robert Michael |date=2015 |title=The Power of the Ecotone: Bison, Slavery, and the Rise and Fall of the Grand Village of the Kaskaskia |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44286639 |journal=The Journal of American History |volume=102 |issue=3 |pages=667–692 |doi=10.1093/jahist/jav514 |jstor=44286639 |issn=0021-8723}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last=Vogel |first=Virgil J. |date=1962 |title=Indian Place Names in Illinois |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40190265 |journal=Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society |volume=55 |issue=4 |pages=385–458 |jstor=40190265 |issn=0019-2287}}</ref> The Peoria tribe remained near the lake after the Kaskaskia departed before 1700.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=A. |first=P. M. |date=1937 |title=The Oldest Town in Illinois |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40187476 |journal=Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=256–260 |jstor=40187476 |issn=0019-2287}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Faye |first1=Stanley |last2=Delisle |first2=Legardeur |date=1945 |title=A Search for Copper on the Illinois River: The Journal of Legardeur Delisle, 1722 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40188129 |journal=Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=38–57 |jstor=40188129 |issn=0019-2287}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Blasingham |first=Emily J. |date=1956 |title=The Depopulation of the Illinois Indians, Part I |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/480408 |journal=Ethnohistory |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=193–224 |doi=10.2307/480408 |jstor=480408 |issn=0014-1801}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Blasingham |first=Emily J. |date=1956 |title=The Depopulation of the Illinois Indians. Part 2, Concluded |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/480464 |journal=Ethnohistory |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=361–412 |doi=10.2307/480464 |jstor=480464 |issn=0014-1801}}</ref>


Peoria Lake was mentioned by the [[Louis Joliet]] and [[Jacques Marquette]] expedition in 1674. During early European colonization, the lake was called '''Pimitéoui''' ("Fat Lake").<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=McCafferty |first=Michael |date=2009 |title=The Illinois Place Name "Pimitéoui" |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27740160 |journal=Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society |volume=102 |issue=2 |pages=177–192 |doi=10.2307/27740160 |jstor=27740160 |s2cid=159245754 |issn=1522-1067}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kellogg |first=Louise Phelps |date=1935 |title=The Society and the State |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4631076 |journal=The Wisconsin Magazine of History |volume=19 |issue=2 |pages=245–255 |jstor=4631076 |issn=0043-6534}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> A French Fort on its banks was called [[Fort Crevecoeur|Fort Pimitéoui]] (1691), later known as Old Fort Peoria.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lessard |first1=Renald |last2=Mathieu |first2=Jacques |last3=Gouger |first3=Lina |date=1988 |title=Peuplement Colonisateur Au Pays Des Illinois |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42952180 |journal=Proceedings of the Meeting of the French Colonial Historical Society |volume=12 |pages=57–68 |jstor=42952180 |issn=0362-7055}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> The French remained in the Peoria area until about 1819.<ref name=":1" />
From a modern perspective, the lake runs from just south of the [[McClugage Bridge]] ([[U.S. Highway 24|US 24]]/[[U.S. Highway 150|US 150]]/War Memorial Drive) to the [[Murray Baker Bridge]] ([[Interstate 74]]). The larger [[Upper Peoria Lake]] flows into the lake on its north side.


== Geology ==
The lake is currently a regional tourist attraction, and is used for practice of many [[watersports]]. It is also the usual site for the City of Peoria's [[Fourth of July]] fireworks display.
The lake is formed by a broadening of the [[Illinois River]]. It is approximately {{Convert|21|mile|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name=":0" /> The Peoria Lake originated during the Woodfordian substage of the [[Wisconsin glaciation]].<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last1=Bevenour |first1=Donald E. |last2=Emmons |first2=Kevin M. |last3=Hobbs |first3=Martin |date=2007 |title=The Physical Geography of the Illinois River Valley Near Peoria: An Updated Self-Conducted Field Trip using EcoCaches and GPS Technology |url=http://gis2gps.com/1ilega/ecocaches/illinoismap/tazewell/The%20Physical%20Geography%20of%20the%20Illinois%20River%20Valley%20Near%20Peoria.pdf |access-date=2023-10-13}}</ref> It is part of the Bloomington moraine.<ref name=":8" />

Due to the flat stream bed, the water moves slowly, allowing sediment to settle at the bottom.<ref name=":8" />

== Fauna ==
Pollution has been a significant factor in decreasing levels of wildlife, notably the [[Chicago River reversal|reversal of the Chicago River]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Baker |first=Frank Collins |date=1926 |editor-last=Richardson |editor-first=Robert E. |title=Changes in the Bottom Fauna of the Illinois River Due to Pollutional Causes |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1928948 |journal=Ecology |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=229–230 |doi=10.2307/1928948 |jstor=1928948 |issn=0012-9658}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mathis |first1=B. J. |last2=Cummings |first2=T. F. |date=1973 |title=Selected Metals in Sediments, Water, and Biota in the Illinois River |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25037927 |journal=Journal (Water Pollution Control Federation) |volume=45 |issue=7 |pages=1573–1583 |jstor=25037927 |pmid=4720140 |issn=0043-1303}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=River Pool -- Illinois - Peoria |url=https://www.ifishillinois.org/profiles/riverbody.php?waternum=15013 |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.ifishillinois.org}}</ref> The [[Clean Water Act|Clean Water Act of 1977]] has helped the fish population rebound.<ref name=":6" />

== Recreation ==
The lake is currently a regional tourist attraction and is used for practice of many [[watersports]]. It is also the usual site for the City of Peoria's [[Fourth of July]] fireworks display.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Carle Health Red White & BOOM! - Peoria, IL |url=https://redwhiteandboom.us/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Carle Health Red White & BOOM! |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kate |first=Annie |date=2022-03-23 |title=Boom is back! Famous fireworks display returns to Central Illinois |url=https://www.centralillinoisproud.com/digital-originals/boom-is-back-famous-fireworks-display-returns-to-central-illinois/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=CIProud.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

Several public lands border the Peoria Lake,<ref name=":6" /> including:

* Riverfront Park
* East Peoria Riverfront Park
* [[Grandview Drive|Grand View Park]]
* [[Fort Crevecoeur|Crevecoeur Nature Preserve]]

Other notable landmarks include:

* [[Peoria station (Rock Island Line)|Rock Island Depot and Freight House]]
* Detweiller Marina and Park
* [[Peoria Waterworks]]
* [[Grandview Drive]] (south entrance)
* Spindler Marina
* Cooper Park South
* EastPort Marina
* [[Par-A-Dice Hotel and Casino|Par-A-Dice]]
* [[Peoria Lock and Dam]] (signifies end of the Peoria Pool at river mile 157.7)<ref name=":6" />


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Upper Peoria Lake]]
*[[Upper Peoria Lake]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.mvr.usace.army.mil/EMP/hrep/PeoriaLake.htm Peoria Lake Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Project] - by the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051127034046/http://www.mvr.usace.army.mil/EMP/hrep/PeoriaLake.htm Peoria Lake Habitat Rehabilitation and Enhancement Project] – by the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]]
*{{gnis|415539}}
*{{gnis|415539}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Lakes of Illinois]]
[[Category:Lakes of Illinois]]
[[Category:Landforms of Peoria County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Bodies of water of Peoria County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Landforms of Tazewell County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Bodies of water of Tazewell County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Visitor attractions in Peoria County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Peoria County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Visitor attractions in Tazewell County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Tazewell County, Illinois]]
[[Category:Illinois River]]
[[Category:Illinois River]]
[[Category:Visitor attractions in Peoria, Illinois]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Peoria, Illinois]]


{{PeoriaCountyIL-geo-stub}}
{{TazewellCountyIL-geo-stub}}

Latest revision as of 06:50, 1 November 2023

Peoria Lake
Peoria Lake, with downtown Peoria in the distance
Location of Peoria Lake in Illinois, USA.
Location of Peoria Lake in Illinois, USA.
Peoria Lake
Location of Peoria Lake in Illinois, USA.
Location of Peoria Lake in Illinois, USA.
Peoria Lake
LocationPeoria / Tazewell counties, Illinois, U.S.
Coordinates40°42′8″N 89°33′16″W / 40.70222°N 89.55444°W / 40.70222; -89.55444
Primary inflowsIllinois River (Upper Peoria Lake)
Primary outflowsIllinois River
Basin countriesUnited States
Explorers Joliet and Marquette arriving at Peoria Lake in 1674

Peoria Lake, sometimes called Lower Peoria Lake, is a section of the Illinois River between Peoria in Peoria County, Illinois and East Peoria in Tazewell County, Illinois. The oldest section of Peoria, the largest city on the river, lies at its shores. From a modern perspective, the lake runs from just south of the McClugage Bridge (US 24/US 150/War Memorial Drive) to the Murray Baker Bridge (Interstate 74). The larger Upper Peoria Lake flows into the lake on its north side, at approximately river mile 166.5.[1]

History[edit]

Several important Native American settlements were located close to the lake, like the main villages of the Kickapoo and Potawatomi tribes.[2] Other tribes may have used it as a game preserve during the winter while living in the Kaskaskia village, as the area was known for its "fat beasts".[2][3][4][5] The Peoria tribe remained near the lake after the Kaskaskia departed before 1700.[6][7][3][8][9]

Peoria Lake was mentioned by the Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette expedition in 1674. During early European colonization, the lake was called Pimitéoui ("Fat Lake").[4][6][10][5] A French Fort on its banks was called Fort Pimitéoui (1691), later known as Old Fort Peoria.[6][11][8] The French remained in the Peoria area until about 1819.[6]

Geology[edit]

The lake is formed by a broadening of the Illinois River. It is approximately 21 mi (34 km) in length.[2] The Peoria Lake originated during the Woodfordian substage of the Wisconsin glaciation.[1][12] It is part of the Bloomington moraine.[12]

Due to the flat stream bed, the water moves slowly, allowing sediment to settle at the bottom.[12]

Fauna[edit]

Pollution has been a significant factor in decreasing levels of wildlife, notably the reversal of the Chicago River.[13][14][15] The Clean Water Act of 1977 has helped the fish population rebound.[15]

Recreation[edit]

The lake is currently a regional tourist attraction and is used for practice of many watersports. It is also the usual site for the City of Peoria's Fourth of July fireworks display.[16][17]

Several public lands border the Peoria Lake,[15] including:

Other notable landmarks include:

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b US Army Corps of Engineers, Rock Island District (1990-07-01). "Peoria Lake Enhancement" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-10-13.
  2. ^ a b c Spooner, Harry L. (1944). "The Historic Indian Villages of the Peoria Lake Area". Journal of the Illinois State Archaeological Society. 1 (3): 15–18. ISSN 2469-2824. JSTOR 43579198.
  3. ^ a b Morrissey, Robert Michael (2015). "The Power of the Ecotone: Bison, Slavery, and the Rise and Fall of the Grand Village of the Kaskaskia". The Journal of American History. 102 (3): 667–692. doi:10.1093/jahist/jav514. ISSN 0021-8723. JSTOR 44286639.
  4. ^ a b McCafferty, Michael (2009). "The Illinois Place Name "Pimitéoui"". Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 102 (2): 177–192. doi:10.2307/27740160. ISSN 1522-1067. JSTOR 27740160. S2CID 159245754.
  5. ^ a b Vogel, Virgil J. (1962). "Indian Place Names in Illinois". Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 55 (4): 385–458. ISSN 0019-2287. JSTOR 40190265.
  6. ^ a b c d A., P. M. (1937). "The Oldest Town in Illinois". Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 30 (2): 256–260. ISSN 0019-2287. JSTOR 40187476.
  7. ^ Faye, Stanley; Delisle, Legardeur (1945). "A Search for Copper on the Illinois River: The Journal of Legardeur Delisle, 1722". Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 38 (1): 38–57. ISSN 0019-2287. JSTOR 40188129.
  8. ^ a b Blasingham, Emily J. (1956). "The Depopulation of the Illinois Indians, Part I". Ethnohistory. 3 (3): 193–224. doi:10.2307/480408. ISSN 0014-1801. JSTOR 480408.
  9. ^ Blasingham, Emily J. (1956). "The Depopulation of the Illinois Indians. Part 2, Concluded". Ethnohistory. 3 (4): 361–412. doi:10.2307/480464. ISSN 0014-1801. JSTOR 480464.
  10. ^ Kellogg, Louise Phelps (1935). "The Society and the State". The Wisconsin Magazine of History. 19 (2): 245–255. ISSN 0043-6534. JSTOR 4631076.
  11. ^ Lessard, Renald; Mathieu, Jacques; Gouger, Lina (1988). "Peuplement Colonisateur Au Pays Des Illinois". Proceedings of the Meeting of the French Colonial Historical Society. 12: 57–68. ISSN 0362-7055. JSTOR 42952180.
  12. ^ a b c Bevenour, Donald E.; Emmons, Kevin M.; Hobbs, Martin (2007). "The Physical Geography of the Illinois River Valley Near Peoria: An Updated Self-Conducted Field Trip using EcoCaches and GPS Technology" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-10-13.
  13. ^ Baker, Frank Collins (1926). Richardson, Robert E. (ed.). "Changes in the Bottom Fauna of the Illinois River Due to Pollutional Causes". Ecology. 7 (2): 229–230. doi:10.2307/1928948. ISSN 0012-9658. JSTOR 1928948.
  14. ^ Mathis, B. J.; Cummings, T. F. (1973). "Selected Metals in Sediments, Water, and Biota in the Illinois River". Journal (Water Pollution Control Federation). 45 (7): 1573–1583. ISSN 0043-1303. JSTOR 25037927. PMID 4720140.
  15. ^ a b c d "River Pool -- Illinois - Peoria". www.ifishillinois.org. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
  16. ^ "Carle Health Red White & BOOM! - Peoria, IL". Carle Health Red White & BOOM!. Retrieved 2023-10-13.
  17. ^ Kate, Annie (2022-03-23). "Boom is back! Famous fireworks display returns to Central Illinois". CIProud.com. Retrieved 2023-10-13.

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peoria_Lake&oldid=1182927782"