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{{unreferenced|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use Nigerian English|date=July 2019}}

{{Infobox political party
{{Infobox political party
|country = Nigeria
| country = Nigeria
| abbreviation = NEPU
|party_name = Northern Elements Progressive Union
| name = Northern Elements Progressive Union
|party_logo = [[File:Nepu sawaba.jpg|thumb|Jam'iyar Neman Sawaba]]
| native_name = Jam'iyyar Neman Sawaba
⚫
|President = [[Aminu Kano]]
|colorcode = #00AB00
| president = [[Aminu Kano]]
| colorcode = {{party color|Northern Elements Progressive Union}}
|Chairperson = Malam [[Aminu Kano]]
|foundation = {{Start date|1950}}
| foundation = {{Start date|1950}}
|headquarters = [[Kano]], [[Northern Nigeria]]
| headquarters = [[Kano (city)|Kano]], [[Northern Nigeria]]
|ideology = [[Economic Socialism]],<br />[[Social Liberalism]], <br />[[Democratic Humanism]]
| ideology = [[Socialist economics]]<br />[[Social liberalism]]<br />[[Democratic humanism]]<br />[[Nigerian nationalism]]
|colours = Black, Green, Red
| colours = Black, Green, Red
| native_name_lang = ha
⚫
|predecessor = [[Northern Elements Progressive Association]],<br/> [[Free North]], <br/>[[Spikin Movement]]
|student_wing = [[Zahar Haqu]]
| split = [[Northern People's Congress]]
⚫
| predecessor = Northern Elements Progressive Association<br/>Free North<br/>[[Mudi Sipikin|Spikin Movement]]
⚫
|youth_wing = [[Rundunar Samarin Sawaba]],<br/> [[Askiyanist Movemnt]]
| successor = [[People's Redemption Party]]

| student_wing = [[Zahar Haqu]]

⚫
| youth_wing = [[Rundunar Samarin Sawaba]]<br/>[[Askiyanist Movement]]
| membership = 500,000<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dudley |first=Billy J. |url=http://archive.org/details/partiespoliticsi0000dudl |title=Parties and politics in northern Nigeria |date=1968 |publisher=London : Cass |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-7146-1658-2 |pages=85}}</ref>
| membership_year = 1960
| slogan = ''Sawaba'' ('freedom')
| flag = Nepu Sawaba.svg
}}
}}

[[File:Sawaba monument.jpg|thumb|Sawaba Monument in Dutse, Nigeria, commemorates the heroes of NEPU]]
The '''Northern Elements Progressive Union''' ('''NEPU''') was the first [[political party]] in [[Northern Nigeria]]. Founded in [[Kano]] on 8 August 1950, it was the off-shoot of a pre-existing political association called the Northern Elements Progressive Association. It became the main opposition party in Northern Nigeria after the region was granted self-governance in the 1950s. In the [[Nigerian First Republic|First Republic]] it maintained a steady alliance with [[Zikism|Zikist]] [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons|NCNC]] against the [[Northern People's Congress|NPC]]-dominated Federal Government.
The '''Northern Elements Progressive Union''' ('''NEPU''') was the first [[political party]] in [[Northern Nigeria]]. Founded in [[Kano (city)|Kano]] on 8 August 1950, it was the offshoot of a pre-existing political association called the Northern Elements Progressive Association. It became the main opposition party in Northern Nigeria after the region was granted self-governance in the 1950s. In the [[Nigerian First Republic|First Republic]] it maintained a steady alliance with [[Zikism|Zikist]] [[National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons]] (NCNC) against the [[Northern People's Congress]] (NPC)-dominated Federal Government.


==History==
==History==
⚫
In the late 1940's, the dawning of a constitution conference (the Richards Constitution) spurred a crisis in the then Socio-Cultural Association of [[northern region, Nigeria | Northern Nigeria]] the [[NPC]]. The conservatives keen on protecting Northern traditions were reluctant to spearhead any transformation in the socio cultural dynamic of the region while the leftist led by [[Aminu Kano]] championed a form of radical modernization they called [[Democratic Humanism]]<ref name=feinstein>{{cite book|last=Feinstien|first=Alan|title=African Revolutionary, the life and times of Nigerias Aminu Kano|publisher=Spectrum Books}}</ref> . This in turn ignited a wave discontent within leftist circles in the North, on August 8th 1950, a confrence of leftist individuals representing the [[Spikin Movement]] and pro [[Sa'adu Zungur | Zungeru modernists]] at a building in Yoruba road, [[Kano]] issued the Sawaba Declaration; a proclamation of a political front calling for a socialist revolution in Northern Nigeria.<ref name=sawaba>{{cite book|last=Kano|first=Aminu|title=Sawaba, A Declaration of Principles|date=1953|publisher=Triumph Publishing Company|isbn=????}}</ref> This was to become the enduring manifesto of NEPU. An english translation by [[Aminu Kano]] of the original Hausa document published by the party in 1953 called on the 'Talakawa' or populace to lunch a 'class struggle against the ruling class'.


⚫
In the late 1940s, the dawning of a constitutional conference (the Richards Constitution) spurred a crisis in the then Socio-Cultural Association of [[Northern Region, Nigeria|Northern Nigeria]] the [[Northern People's Congress|NPC]]. The conservatives keen on protecting Northern traditions were reluctant to spearhead any transformation in the socio cultural dynamic of the region while the leftist led by [[Sa'adu Zungur]] championed a form of radical modernization they called [[Democratic Humanism]].<ref name=feinstein>{{cite book|last=Feinstien|first=Alan|title=African Revolutionary, the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano|publisher=Spectrum Books}}</ref> This in turn ignited a wave discontent within leftist circles in the North, on 8 August 1950, a conference of leftist individuals representing the Spikin Movement and pro-Zungeru modernists at a building in Yoruba road, Kano issued the Sawaba Declaration; a proclamation of a political front calling for a socialist revolution in Northern Nigeria, the Student wing of the party called Zahar Haqu had members such as [[Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila]].<ref name=sawaba>{{cite book|last=Kano|first=Aminu|title=Sawaba, A Declaration of Principles|date=1953|publisher=Triumph Publishing Company}}</ref> This was to become the enduring manifesto of NEPU. An English translation by [[Aminu Kano]] of the original Hausa document published by the party in 1953 called on the 'Talakawa' or populace to launch a 'class struggle against the ruling class'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The NEPU Example – THISDAYLIVE |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2020/08/12/the-nepu-example/ |access-date=2022-08-12 |website=www.thisdaylive.com}}</ref>
⚫
After a protracted struggle within the party between [[Abubakar Zukegu]] and Malam [[Aminu Kano]] (then a school teacher) a shift of support by the [[Spikin Movement]] in Lafiya convention of 1953 resulted in a victory for [[Aminu Kano]] <ref name =Feinstein/>, from then on, [[Aminu Kano]] was to dominate the party infrastructure until 1964, when the same radicals that supported him turned against him and created a parallel structure called the Northern Elements Freedom Organisation.

⚫
After a protracted struggle within the party between Abba Maikwaru and Malam Aminu Kano (then a school teacher). A shift of support by the Spikin Movement in the Lafiya Convention of 1953 resulted in a victory for Aminu Kano<ref name=feinstein/> from then on, Aminu Kano was to dominate the party infrastructure until 1964, when the same radicals that supported him turned against him and created a parallel structure called the [[Northern Elements Freedom Organisation]].{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

== Notable members ==


⚫
* Mallam [[Aminu Kano]]
* Mallam [[Sa'adu Zungur]]
* Hajiya [[Gambo Sawaba]]
* [[Tanko Yakasai]]
* [[Mudi Sipikin]]


==Refrences==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
⚫
[[Category:Political parties in Nigeria]]
[[Category:Northern Elements Progressive Union]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in Nigeria]]
⚫
[[Category:Liberal parties in Nigeria]]
[[Category:Socialist parties in Nigeria]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1950]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1950]]
[[Category:1950 establishments in Nigeria]]
[[Category:1950 establishments in Nigeria]]
[[Category:Politics of Northern Nigeria]]

Latest revision as of 20:46, 18 March 2024

Northern Elements Progressive Union
Jam'iyyar Neman Sawaba
AbbreviationNEPU
PresidentAminu Kano
Founded1950 (1950)
Split fromNorthern People's Congress
Preceded byNorthern Elements Progressive Association
Free North
Spikin Movement
Succeeded byPeople's Redemption Party
HeadquartersKano, Northern Nigeria
Student wingZahar Haqu
Youth wingRundunar Samarin Sawaba
Askiyanist Movement
Membership (1960)500,000[1]
IdeologySocialist economics
Social liberalism
Democratic humanism
Nigerian nationalism
ColoursBlack, Green, Red
SloganSawaba ('freedom')
Party flag

The Northern Elements Progressive Union (NEPU) was the first political party in Northern Nigeria. Founded in Kano on 8 August 1950, it was the offshoot of a pre-existing political association called the Northern Elements Progressive Association. It became the main opposition party in Northern Nigeria after the region was granted self-governance in the 1950s. In the First Republic it maintained a steady alliance with Zikist National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) against the Northern People's Congress (NPC)-dominated Federal Government.

History[edit]

In the late 1940s, the dawning of a constitutional conference (the Richards Constitution) spurred a crisis in the then Socio-Cultural Association of Northern Nigeria the NPC. The conservatives keen on protecting Northern traditions were reluctant to spearhead any transformation in the socio cultural dynamic of the region while the leftist led by Sa'adu Zungur championed a form of radical modernization they called Democratic Humanism.[2] This in turn ignited a wave discontent within leftist circles in the North, on 8 August 1950, a conference of leftist individuals representing the Spikin Movement and pro-Zungeru modernists at a building in Yoruba road, Kano issued the Sawaba Declaration; a proclamation of a political front calling for a socialist revolution in Northern Nigeria, the Student wing of the party called Zahar Haqu had members such as Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila.[3] This was to become the enduring manifesto of NEPU. An English translation by Aminu Kano of the original Hausa document published by the party in 1953 called on the 'Talakawa' or populace to launch a 'class struggle against the ruling class'.[4]

After a protracted struggle within the party between Abba Maikwaru and Malam Aminu Kano (then a school teacher). A shift of support by the Spikin Movement in the Lafiya Convention of 1953 resulted in a victory for Aminu Kano[2] from then on, Aminu Kano was to dominate the party infrastructure until 1964, when the same radicals that supported him turned against him and created a parallel structure called the Northern Elements Freedom Organisation.[citation needed]

Notable members[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Dudley, Billy J. (1968). Parties and politics in northern Nigeria. Internet Archive. London : Cass. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-7146-1658-2.
  2. ^ a b Feinstien, Alan. African Revolutionary, the life and times of Nigeria's Aminu Kano. Spectrum Books.
  3. ^ Kano, Aminu (1953). Sawaba, A Declaration of Principles. Triumph Publishing Company.
  4. ^ "The NEPU Example – THISDAYLIVE". www.thisdaylive.com. Retrieved 12 August 2022.
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