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Mowaffak Baker al-Rubaie (alternative transliterations Muwaffaq al Rubaie and Muwaffaq al-Rubay'i) (Arabic: موفق الربيعي, romanized: Muwaffaq ar-Rubayʿī) is an Iraqi politician, and was Iraq National Security Advisor in the government of Prime Minister Ayad Allawi and in 2005–2006 Prime Minister Ibrahim Al Jaafari and 2006–2009 Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki. He was elected to the Iraqi Council of Representatives in December 2005 as a nominee of the United Iraqi Alliance and from 2014–2018 in the Iraqi Parliament.

A Shia Muslim and neurologist by training, al-Rubaie was born 24 June 1948 in Dhi Qar Governorate in southern Iraq and left Iraq in 1979 to study in Britain. There he became a member of the British Royal College of Physicians and then a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians practicing internal medicine and neurology. Whilst in London, he became the official spokesman for the Islamic Da'awa Party which was then the main political opposition party to then President Saddam Hussein.

After the United States' 2003 invasion of Iraq, he was appointed a member of the Iraqi Governing Council. In April 2004 he was appointed National Security Advisor by the Iraqi Governing Council.^[1] He held this post until 2009, thereafter serving as an MP in the following Parliamentary round.^[2]

Al-Rubaie played an important role in various negotiations, especially those between the Iraqi government and Moqtada al-Sadr during the siege of Najaf in 2004.^[3]

In 2006, al-Rubaie was widely credited with his humane treatment of the condemned Saddam Hussein, as he conducted the transfer of custody of the prisoner from US to Iraqi judicial authorities culminating in the execution of Saddam on 30 December 2006.^[4] In an interview with Vice News in December 2019, al-Rubaie displayed a noose he purported was the one used to hang Hussein, and claimed he "pulled the trigger" to kill the former dictator.^[5]

Reputation[edit]

Al-Rubaie is respected on both sides of the sectarian divide in Iraq as a pragmatic and non-partisan Nationalist whom current Deputy PM Ali Allawi gives high praise in his book The Occupation of Iraq: Winning the War, Losing the Peace (2007).

A winner of the Annual Middle East Peace Prize awarded by the Foundation For Peace & Democracy in the Middle East for his role in protecting Iraq's Christian Minority, Al-Rubaie maintains good relations with Bishop Andrew White, the Canon of Baghdad.

Al-Rubaie also maintains strong relations with Iraq's clerical community, particularly Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani. In February 2004, he reported that Sistani had survived an assassination attempt.

Trip to USA[edit]

In May, 2007, he made his first trip to Washington, D.C., to lobby leading Democratic critics of the war against withdrawing troops, primarily Senator Carl Levin and Representative John P. Murtha. al-Rubaie argued that Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki was making progress in stabilizing Iraq and that the United States should be patient as Iraqis make steady progress. He also met with supporters of the war, including Senator Joseph I. Lieberman.^[6]

References[edit]

^ Governing Councilmen Assume Posts as Minister of Interior and National Security Advisor Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine, Coalition Provisional Authority, 2004-04-09, accessed on 2007-02-25
^ Raising the Pressure in Iraq, New York Times, 2004-09-14, accessed on 2007-02-25
^ Cease-fire talks underway in Najaf CNN, August 13, 2004
^ Iran’s Power Over Iraq | VICE on HBO, Vice Media, 2020-01-03, accessed on 2020-01-24
^ al-Rubaie, Mowaffak (January 3, 2020). "Iran's Power over Iraq" (Interview). Interviewed by Isobel Yeung.
^ Official Takes Case to U.S., but Skeptics Don’t Budge, "New York Times", 2007-05-08, accessed on 2007-05-09

External links[edit]

Source Watch Article

[1] Governing Councilmen Assume Posts as Minister of Interior and National Security Advisor Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine, Coalition Provisional Authority, 2004-04-09, accessed on 2007-02-25

[2] Raising the Pressure in Iraq, New York Times, 2004-09-14, accessed on 2007-02-25

[3] Cease-fire talks underway in Najaf CNN, August 13, 2004

[4] Iran’s Power Over Iraq | VICE on HBO, Vice Media, 2020-01-03, accessed on 2020-01-24

[5] -Rubaie, Mowaffak (January 3, 2020). "Iran's Power over Iraq" (Interview). Interviewed by Isobel Yeung.

[6] Official Takes Case to U.S., but Skeptics Don’t Budge, "New York Times", 2007-05-08, accessed on 2007-05-09

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[6]

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+{{Short description|Iraqi politician}}
-[[Image:Mowaffak al-Rubaie Suid 2007-04-09.JPEG|thumb|180px|right|Mowaffak Baqer al-Rubaie, April 2007]]
+[[File:Mowaffak al-Rubaie Suid 2007-04-09.JPEG|thumb|180px|right|Mowaffak Baqer al-Rubaie, April 2007]]
-'''Dr. Mowaffak Baker al-Rubaie''' (alternative transliterations Muwaffaq al Rubaie and Muwaffaq al-Rubay'i) ({{lang-ar|موفق الربيعي}})  is an [[Iraq]]i politician, and was [[Iraq]] [[National Security Advisor (Iraq)|National Security Advisor]] in the [[Government of Iraq from 2004|government]] of PM Ayad Allawi and in 2005-2006 PM Ibrahim Al Jaafari and 2006-2009 Prime Minister [[Nouri al-Maliki]]. He was elected to the [[Iraqi Council of Representatives]] in [[Iraqi legislative election, December 2005|December 2005]] as a nominee of the [[United Iraqi Alliance]] and from 2014-2018 in the Iraqi Parliament.
+'''Mowaffak Baker al-Rubaie''' (alternative transliterations '''Muwaffaq al Rubaie''' and '''Muwaffaq al-Rubay'i''') ({{lang-ar|موفق الربيعي|Muwaffaq ar-Rubayʿī}}) is an [[Iraq]]i politician, and was Iraq National Security Advisor in the government of [[Prime Minister of Iraq|Prime Minister]] [[Ayad Allawi]] and in 2005–2006 Prime Minister [[Ibrahim al-Jaafari|Ibrahim Al Jaafari]] and 2006–2009 Prime Minister [[Nouri al-Maliki]]. He was elected to the [[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Iraqi Council of Representatives]] in [[December 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election|December 2005]] as a nominee of the [[National Iraqi Alliance|United Iraqi Alliance]] and from 2014–2018 in the Iraqi Parliament.
-A [[Shia]] Muslim and [[neurology|neurologist]] by training, al-Rabai'i was born in [The Kar Province Southern Iraq]] and left Iraq in 1979 to study in [[UK|Britain]]. There he became a  member of the British [[Royal College of Physicians]] and then a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians who practiced internal medicine and neurology and also went into publishing. In London, he became a spokesman for the [[Islamic Dawa Party]] which was the main political opposition party to President Saddam Hussein.
+A [[Shia]] Muslim and [[neurology|neurologist]] by training, al-Rubaie was born 24 June 1948 in [[Dhi Qar Governorate]] in southern Iraq and left Iraq in 1979 to study in [[United Kingdom|Britain]]. There he became a member of the British [[Royal College of Physicians]] and then a Fellow of the [[Royal College of Physicians]] practicing internal medicine and neurology. Whilst in [[London]], he became the official spokesman for the [[Islamic Da'awa Party]] which was then the main political opposition party to then [[President of Iraq|President]] [[Saddam Hussein]].
-After the [[United States]]' [[2003 invasion of Iraq]] he was appointed a member of the [[Iraqi Governing Council]]. In April 2004 he was appointed National Security Advisor by the [[Iraqi Governing Council]].<ref>[http://www.iraqcoalition.org/pressreleases/20040410_new_ministers.html Governing Councilmen Assume Posts as Minister of Interior and National Security Advisor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305001716/http://www.iraqcoalition.org/pressreleases/20040410_new_ministers.html |date=2016-03-05 }}, [[Coalition Provisional Authority]], 2004-04-09, accessed on 2007-02-25</ref> He held this post until September 2004, when he was replaced by [[Qassim Daoud]] following a disagreement with then Prime Minister [[Iyad Allawi]] over how to deal with [[Muqtada al-Sadr]].<ref> [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/14/international/middleeast/14baghdad.html?ex=1252900800&en=2bc4ca61fb5d65c8&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland Raising the Pressure in Iraq], ''[[New York Times]]'', 2004-09-14, accessed on 2007-02-25</ref>
+After the [[United States]]' [[2003 invasion of Iraq]], he was appointed a member of the [[Iraqi Governing Council]]. In April 2004 he was appointed National Security Advisor by the [[Iraqi Governing Council]].<ref>[http://www.iraqcoalition.org/pressreleases/20040410_new_ministers.html Governing Councilmen Assume Posts as Minister of Interior and National Security Advisor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305001716/http://www.iraqcoalition.org/pressreleases/20040410_new_ministers.html |date=2016-03-05}}, [[Coalition Provisional Authority]], 2004-04-09, accessed on 2007-02-25</ref> He held this post until 2009, thereafter serving as an MP in the following Parliamentary round.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/14/international/middleeast/14baghdad.html?ex=1252900800&en=2bc4ca61fb5d65c8&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland Raising the Pressure in Iraq], ''[[New York Times]]'', 2004-09-14, accessed on 2007-02-25</ref>
+Al-Rubaie played an important role in various negotiations, especially those between the Iraqi government and [[Muqtada al-Sadr|Moqtada al-Sadr]] during the siege of [[Najaf]] in 2004.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/meast/08/13/iraq.main/index.html Cease-fire talks underway in Najaf] CNN, August 13, 2004</ref>
-In 2006, al Rubaie was appointed National Security Advisor by the [[government of Iraq from 2006|government]] of [[Nouri al-Maliki]].<ref>[need citation]</ref> He is rumored to have pulled the trigger during the [[execution of Saddam Hussein]] on 30 December 2006.<ref>[https://YouTube.com/watch?v=oTPKJtPWNRQ?t=261 Iran’s Power Over Iraq | VICE on HBO ], [[Vice Media]], 2020-01-03, accessed on 2020-01-24</ref>
+In 2006, al-Rubaie was widely credited with his humane treatment of the condemned Saddam Hussein, as he conducted the transfer of custody of the prisoner from US to Iraqi judicial authorities culminating in the [[Execution of Saddam Hussein|execution of Saddam]] on 30 December 2006.<ref>[https://youtube.com/watch?v=oTPKJtPWNRQ?t=261 Iran’s Power Over Iraq | VICE on HBO], [[Vice Media]], 2020-01-03, accessed on 2020-01-24</ref> In an interview with [[Vice News]] in December 2019, al-Rubaie displayed a [[noose]] he purported was the one used to hang Hussein, and claimed he "pulled the trigger" to kill the former dictator.<ref>{{Cite interview|last=al-Rubaie|first=Mowaffak|interviewer=[[Isobel Yeung]]|title=Iran's Power over Iraq|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTPKJtPWNRQ|date=January 3, 2020}}</ref>
 ==Reputation==
-Rubaie is closely connected to the widely discredited opposition leader [[Ahmed Chalabi]], both of whom are relatively secular but joined the [[United Iraqi Alliance]] (UIA). He is also close to Chalabi's nephew [[Ali Allawi]], another secular UIA man, who gives Rubaie high praise in his book ''The Occupation of Iraq: Winning the War, Losing the Peace'' (2007).
+Al-Rubaie is respected on both sides of the sectarian divide in [[Iraq]] as a pragmatic and non-partisan Nationalist whom current Deputy PM [[Ali Allawi]] gives high praise in his book ''The Occupation of Iraq: Winning the War, Losing the Peace'' (2007).
+A winner of the Annual [[Middle East]] Peace Prize awarded by the Foundation For Peace & Democracy in the Middle East for his role in protecting [[Christianity in Iraq|Iraq's Christian Minority]], Al-Rubaie maintains good relations with Bishop [[Andrew White (priest)|Andrew White]], the Canon of [[Baghdad]].
-However, Rubaie has made many enemies in Iraq since he returned in 2003. He has great access, both with American politicians and with Iraqi figures, particularly Grand Ayatollah [[Ali al-Sistani]]. In February 2004, he reported that Sistani had survived an assassination attempt.
+Al-Rubaie also maintains strong relations with Iraq's clerical community, particularly [[Marja'|Grand Ayatollah]] [[Ali al-Sistani]]. In February 2004, he reported that Sistani had survived an assassination attempt.
-On the other hand, those who support Rubaie would counter that he has played an important role in various negotiations, especially those between the Iraqi government and Moqtada al-Sadr during the siege of Najaf in 2004.<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/meast/08/13/iraq.main/index.html Cease-fire talks underway in Najaf] ''CNN'' August 13, 2004</ref>
 ==Trip to USA==
-In May, 2007, he made his first trip to Washington, D.C., to lobby leading Democratic critics of the war against withdrawing troops, primarily Senator [[Carl Levin]] and Representative [[John P. Murtha]].  al-Rubaie argued that Iraqi Prime Minister [[Nouri al-Maliki]] was making progress in stabilizing Iraq and that the United States should be patient as Iraqis make steady progress.  He also met with supporters of the war, including Senator [[Joseph I. Lieberman]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/09/washington/09rubaie.html Official Takes Case to U.S., but Skeptics Don’t Budge], "[[New York Times]]", 2007-05-08, accessed on 2007-05-09</ref>
+In May, 2007, he made his first trip to [[Washington, D.C.]], to lobby leading [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] critics of the [[Iraq War|war]] against withdrawing troops, primarily Senator [[Carl Levin]] and Representative [[John P. Murtha]].  al-Rubaie argued that Iraqi Prime Minister [[Nouri al-Maliki]] was making progress in stabilizing [[Iraq]] and that the [[United States]] should be patient as Iraqis make steady progress.  He also met with supporters of the war, including Senator [[Joe Lieberman|Joseph I. Lieberman]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/09/washington/09rubaie.html Official Takes Case to U.S., but Skeptics Don’t Budge], "[[New York Times]]", 2007-05-08, accessed on 2007-05-09</ref>
-==Center Party==
-Rubaie was dropped as National Security Advisor in June 2009. Shortly after, al-Rubaie announced the formation of a new political party - the [[Center Party (Iraq)|Center Party]] or al-Wasat. It was speculated that this party would form an alliance with the [[United Iraqi Alliance]], the [[Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq]] and [[Ahmad Chalabi]]'s [[Iraqi National Congress]] to contest the [[Iraqi legislative election, 2010|Iraqi legislative election in January 2010]]. <ref>[http://www.iraqslogger.com/index.php/post/7748/Iraq_Papers_Mon_Hunger_Strike_ Iraq Papers], ''[[al Hayat]]'' via ''IraqSlogger'', 2009-06-07</ref>
 ==References==
-Dr. Mowaffak Al Rubaie
-Former National Security Adviser & MP in Iraq
-MBChB from Baghdad Medical School 1972 and FRCP Neurology UK 1980.
-He practiced Medicine for four decades both in Iraq and the UK
-Joined the Dawa Party from 1966 until 1996
-Since 1999, he campaigned for fighting sectarianism in Iraq and has conducted wide-scale meetings and discussions with hundreds of Iraqi personages.
-This effort resulted in the "Declaration of the Shia of Iraq."
-Founded and operated several entrepreneurial commercial firms in the UK 1980-2003
-Member of the Iraqi Governing Council 2003-2004
-National Security Advisor for three Prime Ministers 2004-2009
-Member of Parliament 2009-2010 & 2014-2018
-Authored five books & hundreds of articles covering human rights, reconciliation, Federalism, modern understanding of Islam; and respect for moderation, rejection of extremism, counter-terrorism and counter-insurgency. He worked hard on democracy and anti-sectarianism; and he campaigned vigorously for the rule of law, community rights, and justice in Iraq.
-He took part in tens of international conferences inside and outside the Arab countries meeting many of the world’s leaders.
-Awarded in 2009 the Peace Prize of the Foundation for Relief and Reconciliation in the Middle East in recognition of his efforts for respect for human rights and reconciliation in Iraq.
-Awarded the Dr. Jean Mayer Award for 2012 at The Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy at Tufts University Boston, MA
-EPIIC INSPIRE Fellow at Tufts University Global Leadership 2012
-Senior Statesman in Residence at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts and an INSPIRE Fellow at the Institute for Global Leadership Tufts University from 2013. He maintained an ongoing relationship with The Fletcher School.
-Dr Mowaffak al Rubaie
-Baghdad, Iraq
-+964 7802 033 330
-+44 7889 969 383
-¢
-Dr. Mowaffak AI Rubaie MB,ChB. MRCP(UK)
-Family background
-Reared and educated in Baghdad; son of a well-established and diverse Muslim family (Shia and Sunni) from South and North Iraq.
-Education
-Following primary and secondary education, graduated with a degree (MD) in medicine from the Baghdad Medical School.
-Continued graduate education in the United Kingdom culminating in a doctorate in neurology and membership in the Royal College of Physicians (MRCP, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK).
-Professional experience
-During the early professional career stages, practiced internal medicine in a number of Iraqi hospitals; and subsequently neurology in UK medical establishments.
-Founded and operated several entrepreneurial commercial firms supporting the needs of the UK medical establishment the National Health Services.
-Political activism and Government service
-Became politically active as a young man, ardently espousing human rights, democracy, and a free market economy.
-Detained and tortured three times (1973, 1976, 1978-1979) by the Ba’ath Government; tried in absentia and sentenced to death in Iraq during the Saddam era; emigrated to the United Kingdom.
-Continued political activism in the UK on behalf of a democratic Iraq in opposition to the Saddam Hussein regime; advocated a Federal approach for Iraq appropriate to its multi-religious, multi-ethnic nature.
-Rejected offers from the Saddam Government of amnesty, financial rewards, and a cabinet post.
-Returned to Iraq in 2003 and became a member of the Iraqi Governing Council from its foundation on 13 July 2003 until its dissolution at the disestablishment of the Coalition Provisional Authority in May 2004.
-Appointed in March 2004 as the National Security Advisor to the Iraqi Executive; served in that capacity with the Prime Ministers in the Interim Government, the Transitional Government, and the Constitutional Government until April 2009.
-Created and managed the Iraqi national security decision making and crisis management systems; developed and promulgated the Iraqi National Security Strategy in 2007 (first in the region).
-Facilitated and managed national and international reconciliation and human rights initiatives on behalf of all elements in Iraqi society, including the establishment of formal and informal councils to carry out these initiatives.
-Chaired Iraqi Governmental committees governing the establishment and empowerment of Iraqi Security Forces and the transition of responsibility to them from the Coalition’s Multinational Forces.
-Appointed to a seat in the Council of Representatives (Parliament) for the period 2009-2010.
-Founded a centrist, nonsectarian, nonpartisan, political movement (The Wasat) in 2009 that supports technically competent candidates for political elective positions at all levels of Iraqi Government.
-Publications
-Maintains a special relationship to religious leaders and scholars; personally authorized by the late Imam Al Sadr to compose and publish his political declarations entitled “Ahrar Al Iraq” (the free people of Iraq).
-Authored five books about Iraq and democracy in the Middle East.
-Authored hundreds of articles in the Arabic and English languages covering human rights, reconciliation, Federalism in Iraq, a modern understanding of Islam; and respect for moderation and human rights, and rejection of extremism and terrorism.
-Honors
-Secretary General of the International Islamic Council.
-Honorary President of the College of the Humanities, London.
-Awarded in 2009 the Peace Prize of the Foundation for Relief and Reconciliation in the Middle East in recognition of his efforts for respect for human rights and reconciliation in Iraq.
-Awarded the Dr. Jean Mayer Award for 2012 at The Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy at Tufts University Boston
-EPIIC INSPIRE Fellow at Tufts University Global Leadership 2012
-Senior Statesman in Residence at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts and an INSPIRE Fellow at the Institute for Global Leadership Tufts University from 2013.
-Contact Details
-Tel:	+ 964 7802 033330 Iraq
-	+ 44 7889 969 383 UK
-Address 2: 80 Cornish Street, Kademia, Baghdad, Iraq Republic
 {{Reflist}}
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 {{DEFAULTSORT:Rubaie, Mowaffak}}
 [[Category:British people of Iraqi descent]]
+[[Category:1948 births]]
 [[Category:Iraqi politicians]]
+[[Category:Iraqi physicians]]
 [[Category:People from Kadhimiya]]
-[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
 [[Category:Living people]]
 [[Category:Iraqi Shia Muslims]]
+[[Category:Iraqi dissidents]]