Afrikaner nationalism: Difference between revisions
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'''Afrikaner nationalism''' is a political ideology that was born in the late 1800s around the idea, that [[Afrikaner]]s in [[South Africa]] were a "chosen people" and was also strongly influenced by anti-British sentiments that grew strong among the afrikaners especially because of the [[Boer wars]].<ref name="encarta">{{cite web |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761584031/Afrikaner_Nationalism.html |title=Afrikaner Nationalism - MSN Encarta |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> Afrikaner nationalism emphasized the unity of all [[Afrikaans]] speaking white people, the ''[[Volk]]'', against such "foreign" elements as blacks, jews and English-speaking South Africans.<ref name="norval">{{cite journal|title=Deconstructing Apartheid Discourse|journal=Capital & Class|date=Spring 1997|first=Aletta|last=Norval|coauthors=|volume=|issue=|pages=pp.388.|id= |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3780/is_199704/ai_n8766659|format=|accessdate=2008-10-01 }}</ref> According to historian [[Dunbar Moodie]], Afrikaner nationalism could be described as a kind of civil religion that combined the history of the Afrikaners, their language and the [[Afrikaner Calvinism]] as key symbols. A major proponent of the ideology was the secret [[Broederbond]] organization and the [[National Party (South Africa)|National Party]] that ruled the country 1948–1994.<ref> {{cite web|url=http://science.jrank.org/pages/8334/Apartheid-Rise-Afrikaner-Nationalism.html |title=Apartheid - Rise Of Afrikaner Nationalism |accessdate=2008-10-01 |publisher=Net Industries }}</ref> |
'''Afrikaner nationalism''' is a political ideology that was born in the late 1800s around the idea, that [[Afrikaner]]s in [[South Africa]] were a "chosen people" and was also strongly influenced by anti-British sentiments that grew strong among the afrikaners especially because of the [[Boer wars]].<ref name="encarta">{{cite web |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761584031/Afrikaner_Nationalism.html |title=Afrikaner Nationalism - MSN Encarta |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> Afrikaner nationalism emphasized the unity of all [[Afrikaans]] speaking white people, the ''[[Volk]]'', against such "foreign" elements as blacks, jews and English-speaking South Africans.<ref name="norval">{{cite journal|title=Deconstructing Apartheid Discourse|journal=Capital & Class|date=Spring 1997|first=Aletta|last=Norval|coauthors=|volume=|issue=|pages=pp.388.|id= |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3780/is_199704/ai_n8766659|format=|accessdate=2008-10-01 }}</ref> According to historian [[Dunbar Moodie]], Afrikaner nationalism could be described as a kind of civil religion that combined the history of the Afrikaners, their language and the [[Afrikaner Calvinism]] as key symbols. A major proponent of the ideology was the secret [[Broederbond]] organization and the [[National Party (South Africa)|National Party]] that ruled the country 1948–1994.<ref> {{cite web|url=http://science.jrank.org/pages/8334/Apartheid-Rise-Afrikaner-Nationalism.html |title=Apartheid - Rise Of Afrikaner Nationalism |accessdate=2008-10-01 |publisher=Net Industries }}</ref> |
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One of the first champions of the ideology was ordained minister [[Stephen Du Toit]] of the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], who was also one of the founding members of the ''Broederbond'' as well as the publisher of ''Die Afrikaanse Patriot'' newspaper.<ref name="encarta"/> In his writings, Du Toit put forward the notion that Afrikaners were a distinct natinality with a fatherland (South Africa) and their own language (Afrikaans) and that the ''volks'' destiny was to rule South Africa.<ref name=" |
One of the first champions of the ideology was ordained minister [[Stephen Du Toit]] of the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], who was also one of the founding members of the ''Broederbond'' as well as the publisher of ''Die Afrikaanse Patriot'' newspaper.<ref name="encarta"/> In his writings, Du Toit put forward the notion that Afrikaners were a distinct natinality with a fatherland (South Africa) and their own language (Afrikaans) and that the ''volks'' destiny was to rule South Africa.<ref name="encarta2">{{cite web |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761584059/S_J_Du_Toit.html |title=S. J. Du Toit - MSN Encarta |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> |
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During the 1930's a group of ''Broederbond'' members shaped the Afrikaner nationalistic ideology, by trying to create a common "Christian-nationalistic" identity for all white, Afrikaans speaking South Africans as well as introducing the idea of "[[volkskapitalisme]]" (people's [[capitalism]]) that tried to take control from the foreign "British" or "Jewish" economic system and to adapt it to Afrikaner's national character. ''Volkskapitalisme ''strived to improve the economic conditions of the Afrikaners who in general at the time were less well-of than the English-speaking whites in South Africa. In practice the program consisted of utilizing the Afrikaner capital into new and existing Afrikaner businesses. Although ''volkskapitalisme ''managed to develop some Afrikaner businesses, such as [[Sanlam]] and [[Volkskas]] into corporate giants that still have a central role in [[Economy of South Africa|South African economy]], in the end the economic benefits for the majority of the poor Afrikaners were slim.<ref name="meara"/> |
During the 1930's a group of ''Broederbond'' members shaped the Afrikaner nationalistic ideology, by trying to create a common "Christian-nationalistic" identity for all white, Afrikaans speaking South Africans as well as introducing the idea of "[[volkskapitalisme]]" (people's [[capitalism]]) that tried to take control from the foreign "British" or "Jewish" economic system and to adapt it to Afrikaner's national character. ''Volkskapitalisme ''strived to improve the economic conditions of the Afrikaners who in general at the time were less well-of than the English-speaking whites in South Africa. In practice the program consisted of utilizing the Afrikaner capital into new and existing Afrikaner businesses. Although ''volkskapitalisme ''managed to develop some Afrikaner businesses, such as [[Sanlam]] and [[Volkskas]] into corporate giants that still have a central role in [[Economy of South Africa|South African economy]], in the end the economic benefits for the majority of the poor Afrikaners were slim.<ref name="meara"/> |
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Revision as of 08:46, 2 October 2008
Afrikaner nationalism is a political ideology that was born in the late 1800s around the idea, that Afrikaners in South Africa were a "chosen people" and was also strongly influenced by anti-British sentiments that grew strong among the afrikaners especially because of the Boer wars.[2] Afrikaner nationalism emphasized the unity of all Afrikaans speaking white people, the Volk, against such "foreign" elements as blacks, jews and English-speaking South Africans.[3] According to historian Dunbar Moodie, Afrikaner nationalism could be described as a kind of civil religion that combined the history of the Afrikaners, their language and the Afrikaner Calvinism as key symbols. A major proponent of the ideology was the secret Broederbond organization and the National Party that ruled the country 1948–1994.[4]
One of the first champions of the ideology was ordained minister Stephen Du Toit of the Dutch Reformed Church, who was also one of the founding members of the Broederbond as well as the publisher of Die Afrikaanse Patriot newspaper.[2] In his writings, Du Toit put forward the notion that Afrikaners were a distinct natinality with a fatherland (South Africa) and their own language (Afrikaans) and that the volks destiny was to rule South Africa.[5]
During the 1930's a group of Broederbond members shaped the Afrikaner nationalistic ideology, by trying to create a common "Christian-nationalistic" identity for all white, Afrikaans speaking South Africans as well as introducing the idea of "volkskapitalisme" (people's capitalism) that tried to take control from the foreign "British" or "Jewish" economic system and to adapt it to Afrikaner's national character. Volkskapitalisme strived to improve the economic conditions of the Afrikaners who in general at the time were less well-of than the English-speaking whites in South Africa. In practice the program consisted of utilizing the Afrikaner capital into new and existing Afrikaner businesses. Although volkskapitalisme managed to develop some Afrikaner businesses, such as Sanlam and Volkskas into corporate giants that still have a central role in South African economy, in the end the economic benefits for the majority of the poor Afrikaners were slim.[6]
After Apartheid, the Afrikaner nationalism has lost most of it's support.[6] Some right wing political parties, such as the Herstigte Nasionale Party (HNP) still declares its goal as the "unashamed promotion of afrikaner nationalism".[7]
References
- ^ Voortrekker Monument, www.voortrekkermon.org
- ^ a b "Afrikaner Nationalism - MSN Encarta".
- ^ Norval, Aletta (Spring 1997). "Deconstructing Apartheid Discourse". Capital & Class: pp.388. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
{{cite journal}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ "Apartheid - Rise Of Afrikaner Nationalism". Net Industries. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
- ^ "S. J. Du Toit - MSN Encarta".
- ^ a b O'Meara, Dan (1-2 April, 1997). "THINKING THEORETICALLY?". Paper presented to the Inaugural Conference of the Harold Wolpe Memorial Trust. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Basson J: Die Afrikaner - mondstuk van die nasionalistiese Afrikaner, Strydpers Bpk,[1]