Marquette Iron Range: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Iron Ranges.jpg|thumb|300px|Lake Superior Iron Ranges]] |
[[File:Iron Ranges.jpg|thumb|300px|Lake Superior Iron Ranges]] |
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The '''Marquette Iron Range''' is a deposit of [[iron ore]] located in [[Marquette County, Michigan]]. The towns of [[Ishpeming, Michigan|Ishpeming]] and [[Negaunee, Michigan|Negaunee]] developed as a result of mining this deposit. A smaller counterpart of Minnesota's [[Mesabi Range]], this is one of two iron ranges in the [[Lake Superior]] basin that are in active production as of 2015. The iron ore of the Marquette Range has been mined continuously from 1847 until the present day. Marquette Iron Range is the deposit's popular and commercial name; it is also known to geologists as the '''Negaunee Iron Formation'''.<ref name="MSU">{{cite web |first= Randall |last= Schaetzl |url=http://geo.msu.edu/extra/geogmich/Marquette-iron-range.html |title= Marquette Iron Range |publisher= [[Michigan State University]] |access-date=March 23, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150402100539/http://geo.msu.edu/extra/geogmich/Marquette-iron-range.html |archive-date= April 2, 2015}}</ref> |
The '''Marquette Iron Range''' is a deposit of [[iron ore]] located in [[Marquette County, Michigan]] in the United States. The towns of [[Ishpeming, Michigan|Ishpeming]] and [[Negaunee, Michigan|Negaunee]] developed as a result of mining this deposit. A smaller counterpart of Minnesota's [[Mesabi Range]], this is one of two iron ranges in the [[Lake Superior]] basin that are in active production as of 2015. The iron ore of the Marquette Range has been mined continuously from 1847 until the present day. Marquette Iron Range is the deposit's popular and commercial name; it is also known to geologists as the '''Negaunee Iron Formation'''.<ref name="MSU">{{cite web |first= Randall |last= Schaetzl |url=http://geo.msu.edu/extra/geogmich/Marquette-iron-range.html |title= Marquette Iron Range |publisher= [[Michigan State University]] |access-date=March 23, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150402100539/http://geo.msu.edu/extra/geogmich/Marquette-iron-range.html |archive-date= April 2, 2015}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Revision as of 16:32, 24 July 2015
The Marquette Iron Range is a deposit of iron ore located in Marquette County, Michigan in the United States. The towns of Ishpeming and Negaunee developed as a result of mining this deposit. A smaller counterpart of Minnesota's Mesabi Range, this is one of two iron ranges in the Lake Superior basin that are in active production as of 2015. The iron ore of the Marquette Range has been mined continuously from 1847 until the present day. Marquette Iron Range is the deposit's popular and commercial name; it is also known to geologists as the Negaunee Iron Formation.[1]
History
The Marquette Iron Range was discovered in 1844 by a party of surveyors led by William A. Burt, who found that their sensitive magnetic compasses produced skewed results because of the concentration of iron in the land they were surveying.[1] Mining began in 1847. At first, the hematite iron ore of the Marquette Range was smelted with local charcoal into pig iron, but after the opening of the first Soo Canal in 1855 the iron ore itself began to be shipped down the Great Lakes from the newly developed port city of Marquette.[2]
Capitalists from Cleveland played a key role in the development of the Marquette Iron Range, and the Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company (now Cliffs Natural Resources) acquired a controlling influence on the range by 1890.[3]
The iron range today
As of 2009, the Cliffs Natural Resources' Empire and Tilden mines continue to produce iron ore from the Marquette Range. Cleveland-Cliffs ships the ore by a wholly owned short-line railroad, the Lake Superior and Ishpeming, to Marquette for transport by lake freighter to steel mills in the lower Great Lakes.[4]
The Marquette Iron Range was designated as a Michigan registered historic site in 1957, listed as S-0035.[2] The Cliffs Shaft Mine Museum in Ishpeming and the Michigan Iron Industry Museum each celebrate the history of the iron ore deposit and its miners.[5][6]A 47-mile-long (76 km)[7] hiking trail from Republic to Marquette, called the Iron Ore Heritage Trail, also provides access to the area's historical sites.[8]
See also
- Mesabi Range
- Gogebic Range
- Cuyuna Range
- Vermilion Range (Minnesota)
- Gunflint Range
- Iron Mountain Central Historic District
References
- ^ a b Schaetzl, Randall. "Marquette Iron Range". Michigan State University. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
- ^ a b Michigan Department of History, Arts and Libraries. "Marquette Iron Range". Michigan Department of History, Arts and Libraries. Retrieved October 10, 2008 – via The Michigan Historical Marker Web Site.
- ^ Gagnon, John (June 10, 2011). "Scholar Coauthors Book on Mining Company, Marquette Iron Range" (Press release). Houghton: Michigan Tech. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
- ^ Brennan, Nick (June 9, 2014). "Cliffs Opening for Tours of Empire and Tilden Mines". Upper Michigan's Source. Negaunee, MI: WLUC-TV. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
- ^ Michigan Economic Development Corporation. "Cliffs Shaft Mine Museum". Pure Michigan. Michigan Economic Development Corporation. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
- ^ Michigan Historical Center. "Michigan Iron Industry Museum". Michigan Historical Center. Retrieved July 23, 2015.
- ^ Marquette County. "Iron Ore Heritage Trail". Travel Marquette County. Retrieved July 23, 2014.
- ^ Denny, Brittany (June 23, 2015). "Iron Ore Heritage Bike Tours". Marquette, MI: WJMN-TV. Retrieved July 23, 2015.