Sikorsky S-19

Stevie Ray Vaughan crash

http://www.thisdayinaviation.com/27-august-199o/

http://www.aviationtoday.com/rw/training/ratings/No-Hands_1458.html#.VhMWwPGFPcc

At 1 a.m., the helicopters began departing in dense fog at two-minute intervals.

The third aircraft to depart, a BH206B-3 model serial number 2338 with Aircraft registration number N16933

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Design and construction

In 1956, Campbell began planning a car to break the land speed record, which then stood at 394 mph (630 km/h) set by John Cobb in the Railton Mobil Special. The Norris brothers, who had designed Campbell's highly successful Bluebird K7 hydroplane designed Bluebird-Proteus CN7 with 500 mph (800 km/h) in mind. The CN7 (Campbell–Norris 7) was constructed by Motor Panels Ltd in Coventry, supervised by James Milner Phillips with Ken Norris as chief designer and was completed by the spring of 1960.

Bluebird CN7 was the first land speed record vehicle to be powered by a turboshaft gas turbine engine. The Bristol-Siddeley Proteus was the Bristol Aeroplane Company's first successful gas-turbine engine design, a turboprop that delivered over 4,000 hp (3,000 kW). The Proteus was a two spool, reverse flow gas turbine. Because the turbine stages of the inner spool drove no compressor stages, but only the propeller, this engine is sometimes classified as a free turbine. The engine, a Proteus 705, was specially modified to have a drive shaft at each end of the engine, to separate fixed ratio final drives on each axle.

Double wishbone suspension

Brakes consisted of Girling disc brakes, inboard mounted (to reduce unsprung mass) at all four wheels, hydraulically controlled with a back up pneumatic system operated from compressed air reservoirs. The massive brake rotors measured 16 3/8 inches in diameter and were capable of operating up to a maximum temperature of 2,200 degrees F. Additional braking was provided by hydraulically powered air brakes that extended out from the rear of the vehicle. The turbine also provided approximately 500 hp of engine braking when the throttle was closed at 400 mph, but this diminished as speed decreased.

http://www.speedace.info/donald_campbell.htm

• Maximum Power, 5,000bhp at 11,000-11,800 power turbine rpm and 11,800 compressor rpm, plus 1,000lb approx. exhaust thrust at standstill diminishing with speed.
• final drive ratio 3.6 to 1
• independent by ball-jointed transverse wishbones
• Girling disc brakes, inboard mounted.
• Wheels: Dunlop split-rim disc wheels
• Tyres: Dunlop 7.8in section 52in external diameter

http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/world_land_speed_record_35

• the first car designed for a world land speed record attempt to use a gas turbine engine.

delivering maximum power at 11,000 rpm.

• at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah, in 1960, the Bluebird accelerated from a standstill to nearly 400 mph over one-and-a-half miles in 24 seconds using less than 80 per cent of full power.
• The engine turbine provided no engine braking on the over-run at low speeds, but at 400 mph approximately 500 hp was available for braking when the throttle was closed.
• Power-air flaps opened out from the rear of the vehicle, and power operated Girling disc brakes were fitted to all four wheels; remarkably for the time these discs were able to run at a maximum temperature of 2,200 degrees F.

http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/july-2002/88/four-year-mile

• Although the initial target was 450mph, CN7 was designed, with a change of gearing, to achieve 500mph.
• CN7's gas turbine with a driveshaft at both ends required no complex transmission arrangement and no gearchange -just a fixed-ratio final drive at either axle line to gear-down the shaft speed and redirect the torque to the wheels.
• Ken Norris, chief designer of CN7.
• The design of the car would be much more elegant if drive were available at both ends of the engine, necessitating only a final drive and halfshafts for each axle. So they went cap in hand to Bristol's Sir Stanley Hooker.
• Bluebird had a much larger frontal area (26sq ft) and a drag coefficient of 0.16, giving it a CdA of 4.16sq ft.
• specified as operating at 'greater than 100psi', but in truth ran substantially higher. During the Goodwood shakedown in July 1961, Dunlop technicians were spotted setting the pressures to 130psi. For the record attempts, Ken Norris recalls, 160psi was used.
• a telemetry system to monitor key operating parameters (which proved to be an abject failure in the difficult radio reception conditions presented by the salt flats).

File:Bluebird CN7 Cutaway.jpg