Halki seminary and User talk:85.166.143.102: Difference between pages
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{{Eastern Christianity}} |
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== October 2008 == |
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The '''Halki seminary''' was established on [[Oct 1]], [[1844]] in [[Halki (Turkish island)|Halki]] ({{Lang-tr|Heybeliada}}), the second largest of the [[Princes' Islands]] in the [[Sea of Marmara]]. It was the main school of theology of the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]'s [[Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople]] until its closure by the [[Turkey|Turkish]] authorities in 1971. |
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[[Image:Information.png|25px]] Welcome to Wikipedia. The <span class="plainlinks">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dollar?diff=244409663 recent edit]</span> you made to [[:Dollar]] has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] for testing; if you believe the edit was constructive, ensure that you provide an informative [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]]. You may also wish to read the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|introduction to editing]]. Thank you. <!-- Template:uw-huggle1 --> [[User:Epbr123|Epbr123]] ([[User talk:Epbr123|talk]]) 17:41, 10 October 2008 (UTC) |
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==History== |
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The [[seminary]] was housed on the site of the ruined Monastery of the Holy Trinity, which was founded by [[Patriarch Photius I of Constantinople|Photius I]], [[Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople]] (858–861 and 878–886). In 1844, Patriarch [[Ecumenical Patriarch Germanus IV of Constantinople|Germanos IV]] converted the ruined monastery into a school of theology, which was inaugurated on [[September 23]], [[1844]]. All the buildings except for the chapel were destroyed by an earthquake in June 1894, but were rebuilt by architect [[Periklis Fotiadis]] and inaugurated in October 1896. Major renovation took place in the 1950s. |
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Numerous Eastern Orthodox scholars, theologians, priests, bishops, and patriarchs graduated from Halki, including Patriarch [[Bartholomew I]]. Many patriarchs, bishops, and former teachers of the school are buried on the grounds. |
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The facilities include the Chapel of the Holy Trinity, sports and recreational institutions, dormitories, an infirmary, a hospice, offices, and the school's library with its historic collection of books, journals, and manuscripts. The library contains over 120,000 books. |
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The students at Halki included not only a large number of native born Greeks, but Eastern Orthodox Christians from around the world, giving the school an international character. |
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When established in 1844, the school had seven grades, four high school level and three higher level (theological grades). In 1899, the high school division was dissolved and the school functioned as an academy with five grades. In 1923 (establishment of [[Turkey|Republic of Turkey]]), the seven grade system was restored (4 high school + 3 higher level). In 1951, it was changed to 3 high school + 4 higher level. |
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==Enforced closure== |
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In 1971, certain articles of "Private University Law" were found unconstitutional by the [[Constitutional Court of Turkey]] (Supreme Court); subsequently all private institutions of higher education in Turkey either became (part of the) state universities or closed down. The seminary section of the Halki school closed down. The high school section is still open, but has no students now. |
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In 1998, Halki's board of trustees were ordered to disband until international criticism of Ankara's decision persuaded the Turkish authorities to reverse their order. |
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==Campaign to reopen the seminary== |
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Halki seminary has received international attention in recent years. U.S. President [[Bill Clinton]] visited Halki on his visit to Turkey in 1999 and urged Turkish President [[Süleyman Demirel]] to allow the reopening of the school. In October 1998, both houses of the [[United States Congress]] passed resolutions that supported the reopening of Halki. The [[European Union]] has also raised the issue as part of its negotiations over Turkish accession to the EU. However, the school remains closed, and there is strong opposition to reopening it from Turkey's nationalist parties, particularly the secular [[Republican People's Party (Turkey)|Republican People's Party]]. |
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== References == |
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* {{cite web|url=http://www.ec-patr.org/mones/chalki/english.htm|title=The Holy Theological School of Halki|accessdate=2007-08-14}} |
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* {{cite web |url=http://www.bigglook.com/biggistanbul/gezi/adalar/heybeliada.asp |title= Heybeliada|accessdate=2007-08-14 |language = Turkish}} |
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* {{cite web |url= http://www.tusam.net/makaleler.asp?id=130&sayfa=41|title= Heybeliada Ruhban Okulu|accessdate=2007-08-14 |language = Turkish|last=Kılıç Yaşın|first=Gözde}} |
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* {{cite news |first=Kaan |last=İpekçioğlu |language=Turkish|title= Ruhban Okulu'na vize | url=http://www.yenisafak.com.tr/arsiv/2003/agustos/09/politika.html |publisher= [[Yeni Şafak]]|date=[[Aug 9]], [[2003]] |accessdate=2007-08-14 }} |
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* {{cite news |first= Hilal|last= Köylü|language=Turkish|title=Ruhban Okulu'na formül bulundu|url= http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=120292|publisher= [[Radikal gazetesi|Radikal]]|date=[[June 24]], [[2004]] |accessdate=2007-08-14 }} |
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* {{cite news|title=Turkish parliament tries to avoid reopening Orthodox seminary|author=Associated Press|work=International Herald Tribune|date=[[September 20]], [[2006]]|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2006/09/21/europe/EU_GEN_Turkey_Orthodox_School.php}} |
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* {{cite news|title=Historic Seminary in Turkey Is Ready but Empty|first=Douglas|last=Frantz|work=The New York Times|date=[[August 7]], [[2000]]|url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10D1EF738580C748CDDA10894D8404482}} |
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== External links == |
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* [http://www.greece.org/themis/halki2/hishalk.html A history of the seminary] |
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{{coord|40|52|56|N|29|05|42|E|region:TR_type:landmark|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Christianity in Turkey]] |
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[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1844]] |
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[[Category:Greece–Turkey relations]] |
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{{Orthodoxy-stub}} |
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{{Turkey-stub}} |
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[[bg:Семинария в Халки]] |
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[[de:Seminar von Halki]] |
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[[el:Ιερά Θεολογική Σχολή της Χάλκης]] |
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[[fr:Institut de théologie orthodoxe de Halki]] |
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[[no:Halkiseminaret]] |
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[[tr:Rum Ortodoks Ruhban Okulu]] |
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Revision as of 17:41, 10 October 2008
October 2008
Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit you made to Dollar has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Use the sandbox for testing; if you believe the edit was constructive, ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing. Thank you. Epbr123 (talk) 17:41, 10 October 2008 (UTC)