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Coordinates: 39°20′N 6°04′W / 39.333°N 6.067°W / 39.333; -6.067
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The '''botija''' (botijuela; bunga) is a [[Caribbean]] [[musical instrument]] of the [[aerophone]] type. The botija is a potbellied [[earthenware]] jug or jar with two openings and was used in the early [[Son (music)|son]] sextetos in [[Cuba]] as a bass instrument.
The '''botija''' (botijuela; bunga) is a [[Caribbean]] [[musical instrument]] of the [[aerophone]] type. The botija is a potbellied [[earthenware]] jug or jar with two openings and was used in the early [[Son (music)|son]] sextetos in [[Cuba]] as a bass instrument.


==Origination==
==Origin==
The botija was used to hold kerosene that was brought from Spain. The botijas were then utilized to hide money underground and were buried to prevent humidity from reaching the floors. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son">{{cite web|last=Roman|title=The Bass in the Cuban Son|url=https://sites.google.com/site/mrsromanscorner/research-endeavors/the-bass-in-the-cuban-son|accessdate=15 September 2013}}</ref> The botijas were later dug up and used as musical instruments in the late nineteenth century in the Caribbean island of Cuba. <ref>{{cite web|title=History of Cuban Music|url=http://www.boogalu.com/features/history-cuban-music|accessdate=15 September 2013}}</ref> This type of music was called Cuba Son and the botijas were used as bass instruments. The botijas contained two openings, one at the top and one of the side, and were filled to specific levels with water in order to generate certain pitches and were then blown into to create bass notes. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son" /> Another technique used to play the instrument includes the placement of a reed into the botija opening while the player blows into the reed. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son" /> The use of the botija throughout parts of Cuba ended after the early twentieth century and was replaced by the double bass.<ref>Carpentier, Alejo 2001 [1946]. ''Music in Cuba''. Minneapolis MN.</ref>
The botija was used to hold [[kerosene]] brought from Spain. Botijas were then used to hide money underground and were buried to prevent humidity from reaching the floors. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son">{{cite web|last=Roman|title=The Bass in the Cuban Son|url=https://sites.google.com/site/mrsromanscorner/research-endeavors/the-bass-in-the-cuban-son|accessdate=15 September 2013}}</ref> Later, botijas were dug up and used as musical instruments in the late 19th century in the Caribbean island of Cuba. <ref>{{cite web|title=History of Cuban Music|url=http://www.boogalu.com/features/history-cuban-music|accessdate=15 September 2013}}</ref>


==Use in the Cuban Son==
==Use in Cuban son==
Cuban [[Son]] originated in the eastern part of Cuba in the late nineteenth century. The music's defining characteristic was a pulsing or anticipated bass that falls between the downbeat, leading to the creation of many bass instruments including the botija. Other instruments included a [[marímbula]], serrucho, [[Bajo sexto|contrabajo and bajo]]. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son" /> Other bass instruments were used according to the size of the musical arrangement or timbre of the bass instrument needed. The marímbula for example was used mainly for smaller ensembles as it was not easily heard whereas the bajo, an electrical bass, could be easily projected and heard over many other instruments.
Cuban [[son]] originated in eastern Cuba in the late 19th century. The music's defining characteristic was a pulsing or anticipated bass that falls between the downbeat, leading to the creation of many bass instruments including the botija. Other instruments included a [[marímbula]], serrucho, [[Bajo sexto|contrabajo and bajo]]. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son" /> Other bass instruments were used according to the size of the musical arrangement or timbre of the bass instrument needed. The marímbula, for example, was used mainly for smaller ensembles because it was not easily heard, whereas the bajo, an electrical bass, could be easily projected and heard over many other instruments.

The botijas contained two openings, one at the top and one of the side, and were blown into to create bass notes. To crate specific pitches, they were filled to specific levels with water. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son" /> Another technique includes inserting a reed into the opening while the player blows into the reed. <ref name="The Bass in the Cuban Son" />

Use of the botija throughout parts of Cuba ended after the early 20th century and was replaced by the double bass.<ref>Carpentier, Alejo 2001 [1946]. ''Music in Cuba''. Minneapolis MN.</ref>


== In Popular Culture ==
== In Popular Culture ==

Revision as of 12:12, 26 February 2016

For other uses, see Botija (disambiguation).
Botija
Botija
Other namesBotijo, Botijuela, Bunga

The botija (botijuela; bunga) is a Caribbean musical instrument of the aerophone type. The botija is a potbellied earthenware jug or jar with two openings and was used in the early son sextetos in Cuba as a bass instrument.

Origin

The botija was used to hold kerosene brought from Spain. Botijas were then used to hide money underground and were buried to prevent humidity from reaching the floors. [1] Later, botijas were dug up and used as musical instruments in the late 19th century in the Caribbean island of Cuba. [2]

Use in Cuban son

Cuban son originated in eastern Cuba in the late 19th century. The music's defining characteristic was a pulsing or anticipated bass that falls between the downbeat, leading to the creation of many bass instruments including the botija. Other instruments included a marímbula, serrucho, contrabajo and bajo. [1] Other bass instruments were used according to the size of the musical arrangement or timbre of the bass instrument needed. The marímbula, for example, was used mainly for smaller ensembles because it was not easily heard, whereas the bajo, an electrical bass, could be easily projected and heard over many other instruments.

The botijas contained two openings, one at the top and one of the side, and were blown into to create bass notes. To crate specific pitches, they were filled to specific levels with water. [1] Another technique includes inserting a reed into the opening while the player blows into the reed. [1]

Use of the botija throughout parts of Cuba ended after the early 20th century and was replaced by the double bass.[3]

In Popular Culture

In Brazil, there is an expression called "pego(a) com a boca na botija" (caught with his/her mouth on the milk jug), with similar meaning as "caught with his hand in the cookie jar".

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Roman. "The Bass in the Cuban Son". Retrieved 15 September 2013.
  2. ^ "History of Cuban Music". Retrieved 15 September 2013.
  3. ^ Carpentier, Alejo 2001 [1946]. Music in Cuba. Minneapolis MN.

39°20′N 6°04′W / 39.333°N 6.067°W / 39.333; -6.067

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