National Assembly (France) and McIntosh Bluff: Difference between pages
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'''McIntosh Bluff''' was one of the earliest white settlements in [[Alabama]]. Although it is now in [[Mobile County, Alabama|Mobile County]], it was the first county seat of [[Baldwin County, Alabama|Baldwin County]]. |
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{{otheruses4|the modern National Assembly|information about the transitional body formed in the French Revolution|National Assembly (French Revolution)}} |
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{{Politics of France}} |
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[[Image:Paris Assemblee Nationale DSC00074.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The Palais Bourbon, front]] |
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McIntosh Bluff was the birthplace of early Georgia Governor [[George Troup]]. |
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The [[France|French]] '''National Assembly'''. The other is the [[French Senate|Senate]] (''“Sénat”''). |
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McIntosh Bluff was started as a base of operations for members of the McIntosh clan who were working in the area to convince the [[Muscogee]] to side with the British against American colonists in the [[American Revolutionary War]]. |
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The National Assembly consists of 577 members known as ''députés'' (deputies), each elected by a single-member constituency. Deputies are elected in each constituency through a [[Two-round system|two-rounds system]]. 289 seats are required for a majority. It is presided over by a president (currently [[Bernard Accoyer]]), normally from the largest party represented, assisted by vice-presidents from across the represented political spectrum. The term of the National Assembly is five years; however, the President of the Republic may dissolve the Assembly (for example, by calling for new elections) unless he has dissolved it in the preceding twelve months. This measure is becoming rarer since the [[French constitutional referendum, 2000|2000 referendum]] reduced the President's term from seven to five years : a President has its majority elected in the Assembly two months after him, and it would be useless for him to dissolve it. |
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{{Unreferenced|date=August 2007}} |
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The official seat of the National Assembly is the [[Palais Bourbon]] on the banks of the river [[Seine]] ({{coord|48.861899|2.318605}}); the Assembly also uses other neighbouring buildings, including the ''Immeuble Chaban-Delmas'' on the rue de l’Université ({{coord|48.860799|2.315902}}). It is guarded by [[French Republican Guard|Republican Guards]]; ''[[huissier]]s'' oversee the operations inside the meeting amphitheater and in other facilities. |
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Following a tradition started by [[National Assembly (French Revolution)|the first National Assembly]] during the [[French Revolution]], the “[[left-wing]]” parties sit to the left as seen from the president’s seat, and the “[[right-wing]]” parties sit to the right, and the seating arrangement thus directly indicates the [[political spectrum]] as represented in the Assembly. |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Macintosh Bluff}} |
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==Relationships with the executive== |
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[[Image:Frenchnationalassembly.JPG|thumb|right|220px|Inside the Palais Bourbon]] |
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[[Image:Martine Billard dsc07948.jpg|thumb|150px|Deputies, here [[Martine Billard]] (Greens) wears a [[Flag of France|tricolor]] sash on official occasions outside of the Assembly, or in public marches]] |
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{{Alabama-geo-stub}} |
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The President of the Republic can decide to dissolve the National Assembly and call for new legislative elections. This is meant as a way to resolve stalemates where the Assembly cannot decide on a clear political direction. This possibility is seldom exercised. The last dissolution was by [[Jacques Chirac]] in [[1997]], following from the lack of popularity of prime minister [[Alain Juppé]]; however, the plan backfired, and the newly elected majority was opposed to Chirac. |
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[[Category:Mobile County, Alabama]] |
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The National Assembly can overthrow the executive government (that is, the Prime Minister and other ministers) by voting a motion of censure. For this reason, the [[prime minister]] and his cabinet are necessarily from the dominant party or coalition in the assembly. In the case of a president and assembly from opposing parties, this leads to the situation known as ''[[Cohabitation (government)|cohabitation]]''. While motions of censure are periodically proposed by the opposition following government actions that it deems highly inappropriate, they are purely rhetorical; party discipline ensures that, throughout a parliamentary term, the government is never overthrown by the Assembly. Officially there has never been censure. |
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The Government (the Prime Minister and the Minister of relationships with Parliament) sets the priorities of the agenda for the Assembly’s sessions, except for a single day each month. In practice, given the number of priority items, it means that the schedule of the Assembly is almost entirely set by the executive; bills generally only have a chance to be examined if proposed or supported by the executive. |
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==Elections== |
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Since 1988, the 577 deputies are elected by the direct [[universal suffrage]] with a [[two-round system]] by [[constituency]], for a five-year mandate, subject to dissolution. The constituencies each comprise 100,000 inhabitants more or less. The electoral law of 1986 specifies that variations of population between constituencies should not, in any case, lead to a constituency exceeding more than 20% the average population of the constituencies of the ''[[departments of France|département]]''.<ref>Stéphane Mandard, « En 2005, un rapport préconisait le remodelage des circonscriptions avant les législatives de 2007 », ''[[Le Monde]]'', [[7 June]] [[2007]].</ref> However, there are inequalities between the less populated rural districts and the urban districts. For example, the deputy for the most populated constituency, in the department of [[Val-d'Oise]], represents 188,000 voters, while the deputy for the least populated constituency, in the department of [[Lozere]], accounts for only 34,000.<ref>''Ibid.''</ref> |
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To be elected in the first round of voting, a candidate must obtain at least 50% of the votes cast, with a turn-out of at least 25% of the registered voters on the electoral rolls. If no candidate is elected in the first round, those who poll in excess of 12.5% of the registered voters in the first-round vote are entered in the second round of voting. If no candidate comply such conditions, the two better voted candidates advance to second round. In the second round, it is the candidate who gains the most votes who is elected. Each candidate is enrolled along with a substitute, who takes the candidate's place in the event of inability to represent the constituency, when the deputy becomes minister for example. |
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The [[organic law]] of [[10 July]] [[1985]] established a system of [[party-list proportional representation]] within the framework of the ''département''. It was necessary within this framework to obtain at least 5% of the vote to elect an official. However, the [[French legislative election, 1986|legislative election of 1986]], carried out under this system, gave France a new majority which returned to the [[plurality voting system]]. There are 570 elected officials of the departments,<ref>{{fr icon}} [http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/WAspad/UnArticleDeCode?code=CELECTOL.rcv&art=LO119 Article LO119 of the Electoral Code]</ref> five representatives of the [[Overseas collectivity|overseas collectivities]] (two for [[French Polynesia]], one for [[Wallis and Futuna]], one for [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] and one for [[Mayotte]]) and two for [[New Caledonia]] since 1986. |
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==Current membership== |
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{{seealso|13th Legislature (France)}} |
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The [[French legislative election, 2007|last legislative elections, held in June 2007]] resulted in the following distribution of seats: |
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{{French legislative elections, 2007}} |
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===13<sup>th</sup> Assembly by parliamentary group=== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ '''French [[French National Assembly|National Assembly]] by parliamentary group''' |
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! colspan=2 valign=top|Group |
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! Leader |
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! Parties |
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! Seats |
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! Caucusing |
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! Total |
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|- |
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|bgcolor="#0000C8"| |
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|align=left| [[Union for a Popular Movement]] (''Union pour un Mouvement Populaire'' |
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| [[Jean-François Copé]] |
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| UMP, DVD |
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| 314 |
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| 6 |
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| 320 |
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|- |
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|bgcolor="#E75480"| |
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|align=left| Socialist, Radical, and Citizen Group (''Groupe socialiste, radical, et citoyen'') |
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| [[Jean-Marc Ayrault]] |
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| PS, PRG, DVG, MRC |
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| 186 |
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| 18 |
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| 204 |
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|- |
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|bgcolor="brown"| |
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|align=left| [[Gauche démocrate et républicaine|Democratic and Republican Left]] (''Gauche démocrate et républicaine'') |
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| [[Jean-Claude Sandrier]] |
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| PCF, VEC, DVG, MIM |
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| 24 |
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| 0 |
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| 24 |
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|- |
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|bgcolor="#1E90FF"| |
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|align=left| [[Nouveau Centre|New Centre-Presidential Majority]] (''Nouveau Centre-Majorité Présidentielle'') |
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| [[François Sauvadet]] |
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| NC-PSLE, MAJ, DVD |
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| 20 |
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| 3 |
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| 23 |
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|- |
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| |
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|align=left| Non-Inscrits |
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| |
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| MoDem, DLR, MPF |
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| 6 |
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| 0 |
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| 6 |
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|- |
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| |
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|align=left| '''Total''' |
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| |
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| '''577''' |
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|} |
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==See also== |
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* [[Politics of France]] |
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* [[National Assembly]] |
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* [[French Parliament]] |
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* [[French Congress]] |
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* [[List of Presidents of the French National Assembly]] |
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* [[Deputies of the 12th French National Assembly]] (2002-2007) |
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* [[Deputies of the 13th French National Assembly]] (2007-2012) |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.assemblee-nat.fr/ Official website] |
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[[Category:National lower houses|France]] |
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[[Category:Government of France|National Assembly]] |
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[[ar:الجمعية الوطنية الفرنسية]] |
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[[ca:Assemblea Nacional Francesa]] |
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[[cs:Národní shromáždění (Francie)]] |
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[[da:Assemblée Nationale]] |
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[[de:Nationalversammlung (Frankreich)]] |
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[[es:Asamblea Nacional de Francia]] |
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[[eo:Nacia Asembleo (Francio)]] |
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[[fr:Assemblée nationale (France)]] |
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[[gl:Asemblea Nacional de Francia]] |
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[[id:Majelis Nasional Perancis]] |
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[[it:Assemblée nationale (Francia)]] |
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[[he:האספה הלאומית (צרפת)]] |
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[[nl:Nationale Vergadering (Frankrijk)]] |
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[[ja:国民議会 (フランス)]] |
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[[no:Frankrikes nasjonalforsamling]] |
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[[oc:Assemblada nacionala (França)]] |
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[[pl:Zgromadzenie Narodowe (Francja)]] |
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[[ro:Adunarea Naţională a Franţei]] |
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[[ru:Национальное собрание Франции]] |
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[[simple:French National Assembly]] |
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[[fi:Ranskan kansalliskokous]] |
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[[sv:Frankrikes nationalförsamling]] |
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Revision as of 23:08, 10 October 2008
McIntosh Bluff was one of the earliest white settlements in Alabama. Although it is now in Mobile County, it was the first county seat of Baldwin County.
McIntosh Bluff was the birthplace of early Georgia Governor George Troup.
McIntosh Bluff was started as a base of operations for members of the McIntosh clan who were working in the area to convince the Muscogee to side with the British against American colonists in the American Revolutionary War.
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