Panzer: Difference between revisions
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#REDIRECT [[Tanks in the German Army]] |
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{{dictionary}} |
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{{short description|German term for tanks}} |
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{{other uses}} |
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{{Expand French|topic=geo|date=November 2019|Panzer}} |
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{{Merge to|German tanks in World War II|discuss=Talk:Panzer (disambiguation)#Requested move 16 May 2019|date=May 2019}} |
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[[File:Leopard 2 A5 der Bundeswehr.jpg|thumb|right|[[Leopard 2]]A5 of the [[German Army]]]] |
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[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1994-009-17, Griechenland, gefangener Neuseeländer.jpg|thumb|right| Two [[Panzer III]]s during the [[Battle of Greece]], April 1941]] |
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The word '''''Panzer''''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|æ|n|z|ər}} ({{IPA-de|ˈpantsɐ|-|De-Panzer-pronunciation.ogg}}) is a [[German language|German]] word that means "[[armour]]" or specifically "[[tank]]". It derives through the [[French language|French]] word {{lang|fr|pancier}}, "[[breastplate]]", from [[Latin language|Latin]] {{lang|la|pantex}}, "belly".<ref>{{OEtymD|panzer}}</ref> |
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The word is used in English and some other languages as a [[loanword]] in the context of the German military. In particular, it is used in the proper names of military formations (''[[Panzer division|Panzerdivision]]'', [[4th Panzer Army]], etc.), and in the proper names of tanks, such as [[Panzer IV]], etc. |
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The dated German term is {{lang|de|Panzerkampfwagen}}, "tank" or "armoured combat vehicle". The modern commonly used synonym is {{lang|de|Kampfpanzer}}, or {{lang|de|Panzer}}. The first German tank, the [[A7V]] of 1918, was referred to as ''Sturmpanzerwagen'' (roughly, "armoured assault vehicle"). This first German tank was meant to resemble the British Whippet tank and was used in combat during the later part of World War 1, and further was the predecessor to the Panzer.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Showalter|first=Dennis|url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Mcx7PGEdSKAC&oi=fnd&pg=PT12&ots=bTaU-S3ih9&sig=tEbRzZ_DQ9tJ2ofOU96NvMG9Zd4#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Hitler's Panzers: The Lightning Attacks that Revolutionized Warfare|date=2009-12-01|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-1-101-15168-6|language=en}}</ref> |
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After World War 1, the practical design of tanks had proven to be useful in battle although it was unclear how tank-to-tank combat would progress over time. With the varied use of a tank the idea of how it can be improved was varied, the tank could be used for light quick warfare against foot soldiers or it could be used in specific heavy tank-on-tank warfare which would require more armor and bigger guns. The first prototype called the Kleintraktor which was the forerunner to the Panzerkampfwagen I, was the lighter style of tank with light armor and two machine guns mounted to the top. The vehicle also introduced the drive at the front and the engine in the rear which soon became the standard in tank design.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zzBForupwBoC&oi=fnd&pg=PT3&ots=6eR-GDcLu1&sig=8Fl_yC1PzrKjC9cwCOUK8V2dPVw#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Panzers at War 1939-1942|publisher=Coda Books Ltd|isbn=978-1-908538-24-6|language=en}}</ref> |
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In October 1934, the german army decided to create an "experimental armored division" that would be based around tank regiments in the front, followed by a motorized brigade, light infantry units, an anti tank battalion, then finally anti-aircraft battery. A year later in October 1935, the 3rd Cavalry Division would provide the troops for the new division called the 1st Panzer Division. <ref name=":0" /> |
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After the Panzerkampfwagen I was complete in its design and began mass production, progress was being made on advancements to make the tank heavier in design which eventually made way from the Panzer II. Although this version of the tank was an upgraded model of the original Panzer I, the Panzer II models supplemented rather than replaced the previous version. This gave the Panzer Division more versatility while on the battle field further expanding its armored force. This progression continued for many more iterations diversifying the Panzer Divisions capability as an armored unit, allowing for lighter and heavier models for different situations.<ref name=":0" /> |
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The Panzer Divisions of the German Army were using a new technique of warfare to fight against the allies in World War II, this technique was called "blitzkrieg" also called lightning warfare. This type of warfare took advantage of the different designs of the panzer tanks and the diversity of the Panzer Divisions to sweep through enemy territory in France and the Soviet Union. As the war was coming to an end, the German Army began to run out of resources, there was not enough men to fill the positions and there was not enough resources to replace the Panzers that were being destroyed in battle.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jr|first=Samuel W. Mitcham|url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=lBCrOLsps1cC&oi=fnd&pg=PT10&ots=EarPMIJ_-k&sig=Ll4OyFmN08q5DCeqzkVQcjKjYKI#v=onepage&q&f=false%5C|title=Panzers in Normandy: General Hans Eberbach and the German Defense of France, 1944|date=2009-02-04|publisher=Stackpole Books|isbn=978-0-8117-4447-8|language=en}}</ref> |
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== See also == |
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{{Wiktionary|panzer}} |
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* [[German tanks in World War II]] |
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* [[Panzerschreck]] |
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* [[Panzerfaust]] |
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* [[Panzerschiff]] |
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* [[Tank]] |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist|2}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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[[Category:Tanks of Germany| ]] |
[[Category:Tanks of Germany| ]] |
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[[Category:German words and phrases]] |
[[Category:German words and phrases]] |
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{{Germany-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 02:24, 2 March 2024
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