Swiss franc and Withdrawn Canadian banknotes: Difference between pages
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Among [[Canadian dollar|Canadian currency]], only five different banknotes are currently printed. Smaller denominations have been replaced by coins, and larger ones are felt to be no longer required in an era of electronic transmission of most large transactions. These defunct denominations are said to be '''withdrawn from circulation'''. |
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{{Infobox Currency | |
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| currency_name_in_local = Schweizer Franken <small>{{de icon}}</small> <br/> franc suisse <small>{{fr icon}}</small><br/>franco svizzero <small>{{it icon}}</small><br/>franc svizzer <small>{{rm icon}}</small> |
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|image_1 = CHF10 8 front.jpg |
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| image_title_1 = 10 francs |
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| image_2 = |
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| image_title_2 = 1 franc |
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| iso_code = CHF |
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| using_countries = {{CHE}} <br> {{LIE}}<br> {{ITA}} ([[Campione d'Italia]] exclave) |
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|unofficial_users = {{GER}} ([[Büsingen]] exclave) |
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| inflation_rate = 0.6% (Switzerland only) |
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| inflation_source_date = ''[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2092.html The World Factbook]'', 2007 est. |
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| subunit_ratio_1 = 1/100 |
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| subunit_name_1 = [[Rappen]] {{de icon}}<br/>[[centime]] {{fr icon}}<br/>[[centesimo]] {{it icon}}<br/>rap {{rm icon}} |
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| symbol = CHF, Fr., ''SFr. (old)'' |
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| plural = Franken {{de icon}}<br/> francs {{fr icon}}<br/> franchi {{it icon}}<br/> francs {{rm icon}} |
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| plural_subunit_1 =[[Rappen]] {{de icon}}<br/>[[centimes]] {{fr icon}}<br/>[[centesimi]] {{it icon}}<br/>raps {{rm icon}} |
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| frequently_used_coins = 5, 10, 20 centimes, 1/2, 1, 2, 5 francs |
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| rarely_used_coins = 1 centime <small>(no longer legal tender as of 01.01.2007)</small> |
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| used_banknotes = 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 1000 francs |
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| nickname = Stutz, Stei, Eier ([[Swiss German|Swiss]]), balle(s) (≥1 CHF) {{fr icon}} |
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| banknote_article = Banknotes of the Swiss franc |
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| issuing_authority = [[Swiss National Bank]] |
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| issuing_authority_website = www.snb.ch |
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| printer = Orell Füssli Arts Graphiques SA (Zürich) |
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| mint = [[Swissmint]] |
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| mint_website = www.swissmint.ch |
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}} |
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Currency withdrawn from circulation is still [[legal tender]], though is usually disposed of by the [[Bank of Canada]] when it returns to their hands. As of January [[as of 2007|2007]], the 1991 $20 and 1988 $50 still commonly circulate, but other pre-2002 notes have largely disappeared from circulation. |
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The '''franc''' ([[German language|German]]: ''Franken'', [[French language|French]] and [[Romansh language|Romansh]]: ''franc'', [[Italian language|Italian]]: ''franco''; [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''CHF''') is the [[currency]] and [[legal tender]] of [[Switzerland]] and [[Liechtenstein]]; it is also legal tender in the Italian [[Enclave and exclave|exclave]] [[Campione d'Italia]]. Although not formally legal tender in the [[Germany|German]] exclave [[Büsingen]] (the sole legal currency is the [[euro]]), it is widely used on a day-to-day basis. The [[central bank]] of Switzerland and the [[Swiss National Bank]] issue bank notes and the federal [[Swissmint]] issues [[coins]]. |
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Withdrawn currency is usually exchanged at commercial bank branches, though some banks require that exchangers be bank customers, and then the bank presents the withdrawn currency to the Bank of Canada together with worn-out currency in the normal course of business. |
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The Swiss franc is the only version of the [[franc]] still issued in Europe. The smaller denomination, a hundredth of a franc, is a ''[[Rappen]]'' (Rp.) in German, ''centime'' (c.) in French, ''centesimo'' (ct.) in Italian, and ''rap'' (rp.) in [[Romansh language|Romansh]]. The ISO code of the currency used by banks and financial institutions is '''CHF''', although "Fr." is used by most businesses and advertisers; some use '''SFr.'''; the Latinate "CHF" denotes [[Confoederatio Helvetica]] franc, because [[Latin]] is used as the neutral language representing country given its tetralingual populace. The Swiss franc is the fifth-most-traded currency in the [[foreign exchange market]] after the [[US dollar]], the [[euro]], the [[Japanese yen]] and the [[pound sterling]]. |
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Other denominations have been printed by the Bank of Canada since it was given sole authority over paper currency in 1935; listed below are the denominations they no longer produce. |
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==History== |
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===First franc, 1798–1803=== |
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Before 1798, about 75 entities were making coins in Switzerland, including the 25 [[Cantons of Switzerland|canton]]s and half-cantons, 16 cities, and abbeys, resulting in about 860 different coins in circulation, with different values and denominations. See [[Basel thaler]], [[Berne thaler]], [[Fribourg gulden]], [[Geneva thaler]], [[Geneva genevoise]], [[Luzern gulden]], [[Neuchâtel gulden]], [[St. Gallen thaler]], [[Schwyz gulden]], [[Solothurn thaler]], [[Valais thaler]], [[Zug schilling]] and [[Zürich thaler]]. |
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== Twenty-five-cent bill == |
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In 1798, the [[Helvetic Republic]] introduced a currency based on the [[French franc]], subdivided into 10 ''batzen'' or 100 ''rappen''. The Swiss franc was equal to 6¾ grams pure silver or 1½ French francs. This Franc was issued until the end of the Helvetic Republic but served as the model for the currencies of several [[cantons of Switzerland|canton]]s in the re-formed Swiss Confederacy. For these cantonal currencies, see [[Aargau frank]], [[Appenzell frank]], [[Basel frank]], [[Berne frank]], [[Fribourg frank]], [[Geneva franc]], [[Glarus frank]], [[Graubünden frank]], [[Luzern frank]], [[St. Gallen frank]], [[Schaffhausen frank]], [[Schwyz frank]], [[Solothurn frank]], [[Thurgau frank]], [[Ticino franco]], [[Unterwalden frank]], [[Uri frank]], [[Vaud franc]] and [[Zürich frank]]. |
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[[Image:CAD25cent English Front.jpg|left|thumb|Canadian $0.25, front]] |
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===Second franc, 1850-=== |
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Although 22 cantons and half-cantons issued coins between 1803 and 1850, less than 15% of the money in circulation in Switzerland in 1850 was locally produced, with the rest being foreign, mainly brought back by mercenaries. In addition, some private banks also started issuing the first banknotes, so that in total, at least 8000 different coins and notes were in circulation at that time, making the monetary system extremely complicated. <ref>Otto Paul Wenger, p. 49–50.</ref> <ref>150 Years of Swiss coinage</ref> |
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[[Image:CAD25cent English Back.jpg|right|thumb|Canadian $0.25, back]] |
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In order to solve this problem, the new [[Swiss Federal Constitution]] of 1848 specified that the Federal Government would be the only entity allowed to make money in Switzerland. This was followed two years later by the first Federal Coinage Act, passed by the [[Federal Assembly]] on [[7 May]] [[1850]], which introduced the franc as the monetary unit of Switzerland. The franc was introduced at par with the [[French franc]]. It replaced the different currencies of the [[Swiss cantons]], some of which had been using a franc (divided into 10 ''batzen'' and 100 rappen) which was worth 1½ [[French franc]]s. |
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In 1870, in an effort to combat an influx of lesser-valued American currency the Dominion of Canada issued a 25 cent bill (commonly known as a "[[shinplaster]]"). This was intended as a temporary measure, however these bills were reissued in 1900 and 1923. They were recalled by the then newly-formed [[Bank of Canada]] in 1935. |
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In 1865, [[France]], [[Belgium]], [[Italy]], and [[Switzerland]] formed the [[Latin Monetary Union]], where they agreed to change their national currencies to a standard of 4.5 [[gram]]s of silver or 0.290322 grams of gold. Even after the monetary union faded away in the 1920s and officially ended in 1927, the Swiss franc remained on that standard until 1936, when it suffered its sole [[devaluation]], on [[27 September]] during the [[Great Depression]]. The currency was devalued by 30% following the devaluations of the [[Pound sterling|British pound]], [[United States dollar|U.S. dollar]] and [[French franc]]. <ref>[http://www.gold.org/value/reserve_asset/history/monetary_history/vol3/1936oct28a.html Table of currency devaluations in the United States and Europe following the devaluation the pound in 1931], in ''Monetary History of Gold: volume 3 — After the Gold Standard''</ref> In 1945, Switzerland joined the [[Bretton Woods system]] and pegged the franc to the [[U.S. dollar]] at a rate of $1 = 4.30521 francs (equivalent to 1 franc = 0.206418 grams of gold). This was changed to $1 = 4.375 francs (1 franc = 0.203125 grams of gold) in 1949. |
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== Four-dollar bill == |
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[[Image:SwissFrancVsEuroDollar.png|thumb|CHF vs Euro (top) and U.S. Dollar (bottom) from June 2003 to 2006. CHF/EUR relatively stable compared to CHF/USD]] |
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Between mid-2003 and mid-2006, its exchange rate with the [[euro]] had been stable at a value of about 1.55 CHF per euro, so that the Swiss Franc has risen and fallen in tandem with the euro against the [[U.S. dollar]] and other currencies. In March 2008 the Swiss Franc traded above one [[U.S. dollar]] for the first time. |
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In 1871, the Dominion of Canada began issuing $4 bills. The last was issued in 1902 and withdrawal began in 1912 when they were replaced with $5 bills. |
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The Swiss franc has historically been considered a safe haven currency with virtually zero inflation and a legal requirement that a minimum 40% is backed by [[Official gold reserves|gold reserves]]. <ref>[http://www.gold.org/value/reserve_asset/history/monetary_history/vol3/1936oct28.html Declaration of the Swiss Government, through the Federal Finance and Customs Department, and the National Bank of Switzerland regarding the purchase and sale of gold], in ''Monetary History of Gold: volume 3 — After the Gold Standard''</ref> However, this link to gold, which dates from the 1920s, was terminated on [[1 May]] [[2000]] following a referendum regarding the [[World Jewish Congress lawsuit against Swiss Banks|Nazi gold affair]] with [[Banking in Switzerland|Swiss banks]] and an amendment to the [[Swiss Federal Constitution|Swiss Constitution]].<ref>[http://www.efd.admin.ch/e/dok/medien/medienmitteilungen/2000/04/wzg.htm Federal Law on Currency and Legal Tender to enter into force on [[1 May]] [[2000]]], Press Release, [[12 April]] [[2000]]. Last accessed [[2006-03-02]].</ref> By March 2005, following a gold selling program, the SNB held 1,290 tonnes of gold in reserves which equated to 20% of their assets. <ref>http://www.iie.com/publications/papers/hildebrand0505.pdf Speech by Philipp M. Hildebrand, Member of the Governing Board, Swiss National Bank, 5 May 2005</ref> |
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== Twenty-five-dollar bill == |
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==Coins== |
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===First franc=== |
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Between 1798 and 1803, billon coins were issued in denominations of 1 rappen, ½ and 1 batzen. Silver coins were issued for 5, 10, 20 and 40 batzen, with the 40 batzen also issued with the denomination given as 4 francs. Gold 16 and 32 franc coins were issued in 1800. |
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In 1935, the Bank of Canada commemorated the silver jubilee of King [[George V of the United Kingdom|George V]] with a special $25 note. As with other bills of the period, a version in each language was printed. This was a limited release that was never printed in large quantities. |
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===Second franc=== |
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In [[1850]], coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 centimes and ½, 1, 2, and 5 francs, with the 1 and 2 centimes struck in bronze, the 5, 10, and 20 centimes in [[billon]], and the franc denominations in .900 fineness silver. Between 1860 and 1863, .800 fineness silver was used, before the standard used in France of .835 fineness was adopted for all silver coins except the 5 francs (remained .900 fineness) in 1875. In 1879, billon was replaced by cupro-nickel in the 5 and 10 centimes and by nickel in the 20 centimes. In 1883, gold 20 francs coins were introduced, followed by 10 francs in 1911. Gold was struck for circulation until 1935. |
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The bill was coloured an appropriate royal purple; both the King and his consort [[Mary of Teck|Queen Mary]] were featured, with [[Windsor Castle]] appearing on the back. |
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Both world wars only had a small effect on the Swiss coinage, with brass and zinc coins temporarily being issued. In [[1931]], the size of the 5 francs coin was reduced from 25 grams to 15, with the silver content reduced to .835 fineness. The next year, nickel replaced cupro-nickel in the 5 and 10 centimes. Cupro-nickel was restored to these denominations in 1940, following the switch to cupro-nickel 20 centimes in 1939. |
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== Five-hundred-dollar bill == |
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In the late [[1960s]], due to linkage to the devaluing U.S. dollar, the prices of internationally traded commodities rose significantly. A silver coin's material value exceeded its monetary value, and many were being sent abroad for melting, which prompted the [[Swiss Federal Council|federal government]] to make this practice illegal.<ref>[http://www.swissmint.ch/e/numismatics/150_years.shtml 150 Years of Swiss coinage: From silver to cupronickel], on the web site of Swissmint. Last accessed [[2006-03-02]].</ref> The statute was of little effect, and the melting of francs only subsided when the collectible value of the remaining francs again exceeded their material value. In 1968, cupro-nickel replaced silver in all four denominations. The 2 centimes coin was discontinued in 1974, with aluminium-brass replacing cupro-nickel in the 5 centimes. |
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In its first banknote issue in 1935, the Bank of Canada printed a $500 bill. As with the $1000 bill, the $500 bill had two versions: one in English, one in French. No bill of this denomination has been printed since. |
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The 1 centime coin was still produced until 2006, albeit in ever decreasing quantities, but it did not play any great role in the monetary economy in the fourth quarter of the twentieth century (circa [[1975]] to [[2000]]). People and groups who could justify the use of 1 centime coins for monetary purposes could obtain them at face value; any other user (such as collectors) had to pay an additional 4 centimes per coin to cover the production costs, which had exceeded the actual face value of the coin for many years. The coin fell into disuse in the late [[1970s]] and early [[1980s]] but only officially was fully withdrawn from circulation and declared to be not legal tender as of [[1 January]] [[2007]]. The long-forgotten 2 centime coin, not minted since [[1974]], was demonitized in the early [[1980s]]. |
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The bill was coloured sepia, or burnt sienna; the front featured Sir [[John A. Macdonald]], and the back depicted a fertility allegory. |
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The 5 centime coin remains in use, in circulation and still legal tender for the time being notwithstanding the production cost of 11 centimes per coin. One of the main reasons why the Confederation can not allow the elimination of this coin, is pricing of goods and services as well as and possibly more due to the fact that a second class stamp costs 85 centimes at present. Swiss Post are looking, into the possibility of a price rise or the elimination of the second class service which could ultimately pave the way for the elimination of the 5 centime coin therewith. |
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== One-dollar bill == |
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{{Coin image box 2 singles |
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| header = 1 Swiss franc 1983 |
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| image_left = |
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| image_right= |
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| caption_left = Obverse |
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| caption_right = Reverse |
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| width_left = 90 |
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| width_right = 90 |
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| position = right |
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| margin = 0 |
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}} |
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The designs of the coins have changed very little since 1879. Among the notable changes were new designs for the 5 francs in 1888, 1922, 1924 (minor) and 1931 (mostly just a size reduction). A new design for the bronze coins was used from 1948. Coins depicting a ring of stars (such as the 1 franc coin seen beside this paragraph) were modified from 22 stars to 23 stars in 1983; since the stars represent the Swiss cantons, it was updated to represent the 1979 expansion of the Swiss federation, when [[Canton of Jura|Jura]] seceded from the [[Canton of Bern]] and became the 23rd canton. |
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The $1 bill ceased printing in 1989 after the release of the [[loonie]] (in 1987) had been successful. These bills are virtually never seen in circulation today. At present, they are generally used by American tourists who have saved their unused Canadian currency from a previous visit before 1989.{{Fact|date=August 2008}} |
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All Swiss coins are language-neutral (at least with respect to Switzerland's four national languages), featuring only numerals, the abbreviation "Fr." for franc, and the Latin phrases "Helvetia" or "Confœderatio Helvetica" (depending on the denomination). |
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The most recent banknote series that included the $1 note was the 1969-1979 Series, "Scenes of Canada", with the $1 note released in 1974, coloured green and black. The front featured a portrait of the Queen; the back featured an image of [[Parliament Hill]] from across the [[Ottawa River]], with [[logging]] activities taking place on the water. |
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In addition to these general circulation coins, numerous series of commemorative coins have been issued, as well as [[gold coins]] including the well-known ''[[Vreneli]]''. These coins generally remain legal tender, but are not used as such because their material or collector's value usually exceeds their face value. |
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==Two-dollar bill==<!-- This section is linked from [[The Kids in the Hall]] --> |
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{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%" |
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!colspan="6"|Overview of current Swiss coins<ref>[http://www.swissmint.ch/e/products/index.shtml Circulation coins: Technical data], on the website of Swissmint. Last accessed [[2006-10-30]].</ref> |
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|- |
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!Value |
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!Diameter<br>(mm) |
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!Thickness<br>(mm) |
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!Weight<br>(g) |
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!Composition |
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!Remarks |
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|- |
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|1 centime |
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|16 |
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|1.10 |
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|1.5 |
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|[[Bronze]] |
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|No longer legal tender as of 01.01.2007. |
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|- |
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|5 centimes |
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|17.15 |
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|1.25 |
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|1.8 |
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|[[Aluminium bronze]] |
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|Made in [[Cupronickel]] or pure [[Nickel]] until 1980 |
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|- |
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|10 centimes |
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|19.15 |
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|1.45 |
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|3 |
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|[[Cupronickel]] |
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|Made in current minting since 1879 |
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|- |
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|20 centimes |
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|21.05 |
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|1.65 |
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|4 |
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|Cupronickel |
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| |
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|- |
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|1/2 franc<br>(50 centimes) |
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|18.20 |
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|1.25 |
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|2.2 |
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|Cupronickel |
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|In [[silver]] until 1967 |
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|- |
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|1 franc |
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|23.20 |
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|1.55 |
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|4.4 |
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|Cupronickel |
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|In silver until 1967 |
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|- |
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|2 francs |
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|27.40 |
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|2.15 |
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|8.8 |
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|Cupronickel |
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|In silver until 1967 |
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|- |
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|5 francs |
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|31.45 |
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|2.35 |
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|13.2 |
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|Cupronickel |
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|In silver until 1967 and in 1969. |
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|} |
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[[Image:CAD 2 dollar.jpg|150px|right|thumb|Canadian $2.00]] |
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==Banknotes==<!-- This section is linked from [[Arthur Honegger]] --> |
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The $2 bill ceased printing on Feb. 18, 1996 with the release of the [[toonie]], a coin that replaced it. These [[$2|bills]] are virtually never seen in general circulation today, although there are many still being collected or stashed away somewhere, since there are 109,271,483 notes that have not been returned to the Bank of Canada (as of 2006), which is more than there are $10 notes in circulation.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/interactives/map-cdnbillscirculation/ CBC News Interactive: Canadian bills in circulation<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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{{main|Banknotes of the Swiss franc}} |
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In 1907, the [[Swiss National Bank]] took over the issuance of banknotes from the cantons and various banks. It introduced denominations of 50, 100, 500 and 1000 francs. 20 francs notes were introduced in 1911, followed by 5 francs in 1913. In 1914, the Federal Treasury issued paper money in denominations of 5, 10 and 20 francs. These notes were issued in three different version: French, German and Italian. The State Loan Bank also issued 25 francs notes that year. In 1952, the National Bank ceased issuing 5 francs but introduced 10 francs notes in 1955. In 1996, 200 francs notes were introduced whilst the 500 francs was discontinued. |
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The most recent banknote series that included the $2 note was released in 1986 (the "Birds of Canada" series), in which the two was a [[terra cotta]] colour. The front featured a portrait of the Queen; the back featured a meadow scene with two [[American Robin|robins]]. Unlike the [[United States two-dollar bill|U.S. $2 note]], the $2 bill from the "Birds of Canada" series (1986) was widely circulated, especially after the $1 note was withdrawn. The bill is also noted for being frequently used as the sole visible currency in the TV show ''[[The Kids in the Hall]]'', generally to humorous effect. |
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Eight series of banknotes have been printed by the National Bank, six of which have been released for use by the general public. The sixth series from 1976, designed by [[Ernst Hiestand|Ernst]] and [[Ursula Hiestand]], depicted personalities of the world of [[science]]. |
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It has been recalled and replaced and will lose any value on [[1 May]] [[2020]]. As of 2006, a large number of notes from this series has not yet been exchanged, even though it has not been legal tender for more than 5 years; for example, the value of 500 francs banknotes still in circulation represents 167.4 millions Swiss Francs.<ref name=circulation>Swiss National Bank, [http://www.snb.ch/e/publikationen/monatsheft/archiv/statmon_DE/Stat_Monatsheft_2006_01.pdf Monthly Statistical Bulletin January 2006, A2: Banknotes and coins in circulation]. [[Berne]], January 2006</ref> |
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== Thousand-dollar bill == |
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The twenty eighth series was printed, but kept as a "reserve series", ready to be used if, for example, wide [[counterfeiting]] of the current series suddenly happened. When the Swiss National Bank decided to develop new security features and to abandon the concept of a reserve series, the details of the seventh series were released and the printed notes were destroyed <ref>[http://www.snb.ch/en/iabout/cash/history/id/cash_history_serie7 Seventh banknote series]. Last accessed [[27 September]] [[2007]].</ref> |
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The printing of $1,000 bills ceased in 2000. The denomination was withdrawn on the advice of the [[Solicitor General of Canada|Solicitor General]] and the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] (RCMP), as it was often used for [[money laundering]]. The bills were nicknamed "pinkies" due to their colour and association with organized crime.<ref>{{cite news | title= Bank of Canada kills $1000 bill | url=http://www.cbc.ca/money/story/2000/05/08/1000bill000508.html | publisher=CBC News | date=[[2000-09-26]] | accessdate=2007-06-10}}</ref> One person could easily carry $1,000,000 in $1,000 bills. The Bank of Canada has requested that financial institutions return $1,000 bills for destruction.<ref>{{cite news | title= Bank of Canada to Stop Issuing $1000 Note | url=http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/press/2000/pr00-8.html | publisher=Bank of Canada | date=[[2000-05-08]] | accessdate=2007-07-27}}</ref> However, this request is not a legal requirement, and some banks will recirculate $1,000 bills if their customers ask. |
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The current, eighth series of banknotes was designed by [[Jörg Zintzmeyer]] around the theme of the arts and released starting in 1995. In addition to a new design, this series was different from the previous one on several counts. Probably the most important difference from a practical point of view was that the seldom-used 500 franc note was replaced by a new 200 francs note; this new note has indeed proved more successful than the old 500 francs note.<ref>The global value of 200 francs notes in circulation in 2000 (5120.0 million francs) is larger than the value of 500 notes in 1996 (3912.30), even when these figures are corrected for the global increase in total value of Swiss banknotes in circulation (+9%). Figures from the Monthly Statistical Bulletin of the Swiss National Bank, January 2006, Op cit</ref> The base colours of the new notes were kept similar to the old ones, except the 20 francs note which was changed from blue to red to prevent a frequent confusion with the 100 francs note, and the 10 francs note which was changed from red to yellow. The size of the notes was changed as well, with all notes from the 8th series having the same height (74 mm); while the widths were changed as well, still increasing with the value of the note. The new series contains many more security features than the previous one;<ref>[http://www.snb.ch/e/banknoten/aktuelle_serie/sicherheit/sicherheit.html An overview of the security features], Swiss National Bank. Last accessed [[26 February]] [[2006]].</ref> many (but not all) of them are now visibly displayed and have been widely advertised, in contrast with the previous series where most of the features were kept secret. |
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The final version of the bill was released in 1992, and was reddish-purple in colour. The front featured a portrait of the Queen; the back featured a winter scene with two [[Pine Grosbeak]]s. As demand was low, the $1000 note was not produced in the 1969-79 series; the 1954 series continued to be issued instead. |
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{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; margin: 1em auto 1em auto" |
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<br style="clear:both;" /> |
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!colspan="8"|8th (current) series of Swiss banknotes<ref>[http://www.snb.ch/en/iabout/cash/history/id/cash_history_serie8 Eighth banknote series 1995], on the website of the Swiss National Bank. Last accessed [[1 June]] [[2007]].</ref> |
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|- |
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!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions !!rowspan="2"| Main Colour !!rowspan="2"| Obverse !!rowspan="2"| Date of issue !!rowspan="2"| Remarks |
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|- |
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!Obverse !! Reverse |
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|- |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF10 8 front horizontal.jpg|88px]] |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF10 8 back horizontal.jpg|88px]] |
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|10 francs |
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|126 × 74 mm |
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|Yellow |
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|[[Le Corbusier]] |
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|[[8 April]] [[1997]] |
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| |
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|- |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF20 8 front horizontal.jpg|96px]] |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF20 8 back horizontal.jpg|96px]] |
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|20 francs |
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|137 × 74 mm |
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|Red |
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|[[Arthur Honegger]] |
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|[[1 October]] [[1996]] |
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| |
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|- |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF50 8 front horizontal.jpg|104px]] |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF50 8 back horizontal.jpg|104px]] |
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|50 francs |
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|148 × 74 mm |
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|Green |
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|[[Sophie Taeuber-Arp]] |
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|[[3 October]] [[1995]] |
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| |
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|- |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF100 8 front horizontal.jpg|111px]] |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF100 8 back horizontal.jpg|111px]] |
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|100 francs |
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|159 × 74 mm |
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|Blue |
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|[[Alberto Giacometti]] |
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|[[1 October]] [[1998]] |
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| |
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|- |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF200 8 front horizontal.jpg|119px]] |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF200 8 back horizontal.jpg|119px]] |
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|200 francs |
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|170 × 74 mm |
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|Brown |
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|[[Charles Ferdinand Ramuz]] |
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|[[1 October]] [[1997]] |
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|Replaces the 500 francs<br> banknote in the previous series |
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|- |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF1000 8 front horizontal.jpg|127px]] |
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|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[Image:CHF1000 8 back horizontal.jpg|127px]] |
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|1000 francs |
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|181 × 74 mm |
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|Purple |
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|[[Jacob Burckhardt]] |
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|[[1 April]] [[1998]] |
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| |
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|- |
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|colspan="8"|{{Standard banknote table notice|standard_scale=Y|BrE=Y}} |
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|} |
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== References == |
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All banknotes are quadrilingual, displaying all information in the four national languages. The banknotes depicting a Germanophone display German and Romansch on the same side as their picture, whereas banknotes depicting a Francophone or an Italophone display French and Italian on the same side as their picture. |
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{{reflist}} |
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When the 5th series lost its validity, at the end of April 2000, the banknotes that had not been exchanged represented a total value of 244.3 million Swiss francs; in accordance with Swiss law, this amount was transferred to the ''Swiss Fund for Emergency Losses in the case of non-insurable natural disasters''.<ref>[http://www.snb.ch/e/aktuelles/pressemit/pre_000504.html National Bank remits Sfr 244,3 million to the Fund for Emergency Losses], press release of the Swiss National Bank, [[4 May]] [[2000]]. Last accessed [[26 February]] [[2006]].</ref> |
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In February 2005, a competition was launched for the design of the 9th series planned to be released around 2010 on the theme ''Switzerland open to the world''. The results were announced in November 2005, but the selected design drew widespread criticisms from the population.<ref>[http://www.snb.ch/en/iabout/cash/newcash/id/cash_new New banknotes project], on the website of the Swiss National Bank. Last accessed [[27 September]] [[2007]].</ref> |
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==Currency in circulation== |
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As of December 2005, the total value of released Swiss coins and banknotes was 43,834.99 million Swiss francs. <ref name=circulation>Swiss National Bank, [http://www.snb.ch/e/publikationen/monatsheft/archiv/statmon_DE/Stat_Monatsheft_2006_01.pdf Monthly Statistical Bulletin January 2006, A2: Banknotes and coins in circulation]. [[Berne]], January 2006</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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! colspan="9"|Value of Swiss coins and banknotes in circulation as of December 2005 (in millions of CHF) <ref name=circulation>Swiss National Bank, [http://www.snb.ch/e/publikationen/monatsheft/archiv/statmon_DE/Stat_Monatsheft_2006_01.pdf Monthly Statistical Bulletin January 2006, A2: Banknotes and coins in circulation]. [[Berne]], January 2006</ref> |
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|- |
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! Coins |
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! 10 francs |
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! 20 francs |
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! 50 francs |
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! 100 francs |
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! 200 francs |
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! 500 francs |
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! 1000 francs |
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! Total |
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|- |
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|2468.45 |
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|611.29 |
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|1293.11 |
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|1798.46 |
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|7977.21 |
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|6280.35 |
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|167.39 |
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|23,238.84 |
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|43,834.99 |
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|} |
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Combinations of up to 100 usual Swiss coins (not including special or commemorative coins) are legal tender; banknotes are legal tender for any amount. <ref>Art. 3 of the Swiss law on Monetary Unit and means of payment. [http://www.admin.ch/ch/d/sr/941_10/a3.html German], [http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/941_10/a3.html French] and [http://www.admin.ch/ch/i/rs/941_10/a3.html Italian] versions.</ref> |
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==The franc as an international reserve currency== |
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{{main|Reserve currency}} |
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{{Reserve currencies}} |
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{{Exchange Rate|CHF}} |
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==See also== |
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{{portalpar|Numismatics|United States penny, obverse, 2002.jpg}} |
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* [[Hard currency]] |
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* [[Liechtenstein frank]] |
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* [[Banking in Switzerland]] |
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* [[Economy of Switzerland]] |
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* [[Iraqi Swiss dinar]] - A common name for the old [[Iraqi]] currency but not related to Swiss currency. |
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==Notes== |
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{{Reflist|2}} |
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==References== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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* Bernard Lescaze, ''Une monnaie pour la Suisse''. Hurter, 1999. ISBN 2-940031-83-5 |
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* Michel de Rivaz, ''The Swiss banknote: 1907–1997''. Genoud, 1997. ISBN 2-88100-080-0 |
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* H.U. Wartenwiler, ''Swiss Coin Catalog 1798–2005'', 2006. ISBN 3-905712-00-8 |
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* Otto Paul Wenger, ''Introduction à la numismatique'', Cahier du [[Crédit Suisse]], August 1978 (in [[French language|French]]). |
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* Swissmint, ''[http://www.swissmint.ch/e/numismatics/150_years.shtml 150 Years of Swiss coinage: A brief historical discourse]''. Last accessed [[2 March]] [[2006]]. |
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* Swissmint, ''[http://www.swissmint.ch/e/numismatics/PRAGELIS.PDF Prägungen von Schweizer Münzen ab 1850 — Frappes des pièces de monnaie suisses à partir de 1850]'', 2000. |
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*{{numis cite SCWC | date=1991}} |
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*{{numis cite SCWPM | date=1994}} |
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{{refend}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* [http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en/banknotes/general/character/ Bank of Canada: Bank Note Series, 1935 to Present] |
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{{commons|Swiss franc}} |
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{{Standard numismatics external links |
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| world_coin_gallery_1_url = Switzer |
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| world_coin_gallery_1_name = Switzerland |
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| banknote_world_1_url = switzerland |
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| banknote_world_1_name = Switzerland |
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| dollarization_1_url = |
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| dollarization_1_name = |
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| gfd_1_url = Switzerland |
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| gfd_1_name = Switzerland |
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| gfd_data_1_url = 4026 |
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| gfd_data_1_name = Switzerland Franc |
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| show_gfd_excel = Y |
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}} |
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*{{de icon}} [http://www.cashfollow.ch/ Swiss Franc Tracker] |
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*[http://www.Schweizer-Franken.ch Information about the Swiss Franc (German)] |
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{{Franc}} |
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{{Currencies of Europe}} |
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{{Canadian_currency_and_coinage}} |
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[[Category:Economy of Switzerland]] |
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[[Category:Currencies of Canada]] |
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[[als:Schweizer Franken]] |
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[[frp:Franc suisso]] |
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[[ca:Franc suís]] |
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[[cs:Švýcarský frank]] |
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[[de:Schweizer Franken]] |
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[[et:Šveitsi frank]] |
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[[el:Ελβετικό Φράγκο]] |
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[[es:Franco suizo]] |
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[[eo:Svisa franko]] |
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[[eu:Suitzar libera]] |
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[[fr:Franc suisse]] |
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[[ko:스위스 프랑]] |
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[[hr:Švicarski franak]] |
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[[bpy:সুইজ ফ্রাঙ্ক]] |
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[[it:Franco svizzero]] |
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[[he:פרנק שווייצרי]] |
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[[ka:შვეიცარული ფრანკი]] |
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[[la:Francus Helveticus]] |
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[[lt:Šveicarijos frankas]] |
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[[ln:Falánga ya Swisi]] |
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[[hu:Svájci frank]] |
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[[mr:स्विस फ्रँक]] |
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[[nl:Zwitserse frank]] |
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[[ja:スイス・フラン]] |
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[[no:Sveitsisk franc]] |
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[[pl:Frank szwajcarski]] |
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[[pt:Franco suíço]] |
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[[ro:Franc elveţian]] |
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[[rm:Franc svizzer]] |
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[[ru:Швейцарский франк]] |
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[[sk:Švajčiarsky frank]] |
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[[sl:Švicarski frank]] |
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[[sr:Швајцарски франак]] |
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[[sh:Švicarski franak]] |
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[[fi:Sveitsin frangi]] |
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[[sv:Schweizisk franc]] |
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[[th:ฟรังก์สวิส]] |
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[[tg:Франки Свис]] |
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[[zh-yue:瑞士法郎]] |
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[[zh:瑞士法郎]] |
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Revision as of 01:00, 11 October 2008
Among Canadian currency, only five different banknotes are currently printed. Smaller denominations have been replaced by coins, and larger ones are felt to be no longer required in an era of electronic transmission of most large transactions. These defunct denominations are said to be withdrawn from circulation.
Currency withdrawn from circulation is still legal tender, though is usually disposed of by the Bank of Canada when it returns to their hands. As of January 2007, the 1991 $20 and 1988 $50 still commonly circulate, but other pre-2002 notes have largely disappeared from circulation.
Withdrawn currency is usually exchanged at commercial bank branches, though some banks require that exchangers be bank customers, and then the bank presents the withdrawn currency to the Bank of Canada together with worn-out currency in the normal course of business.
Other denominations have been printed by the Bank of Canada since it was given sole authority over paper currency in 1935; listed below are the denominations they no longer produce.
Twenty-five-cent bill
In 1870, in an effort to combat an influx of lesser-valued American currency the Dominion of Canada issued a 25 cent bill (commonly known as a "shinplaster"). This was intended as a temporary measure, however these bills were reissued in 1900 and 1923. They were recalled by the then newly-formed Bank of Canada in 1935.
Four-dollar bill
In 1871, the Dominion of Canada began issuing $4 bills. The last was issued in 1902 and withdrawal began in 1912 when they were replaced with $5 bills.
Twenty-five-dollar bill
In 1935, the Bank of Canada commemorated the silver jubilee of King George V with a special $25 note. As with other bills of the period, a version in each language was printed. This was a limited release that was never printed in large quantities.
The bill was coloured an appropriate royal purple; both the King and his consort Queen Mary were featured, with Windsor Castle appearing on the back.
Five-hundred-dollar bill
In its first banknote issue in 1935, the Bank of Canada printed a $500 bill. As with the $1000 bill, the $500 bill had two versions: one in English, one in French. No bill of this denomination has been printed since.
The bill was coloured sepia, or burnt sienna; the front featured Sir John A. Macdonald, and the back depicted a fertility allegory.
One-dollar bill
The $1 bill ceased printing in 1989 after the release of the loonie (in 1987) had been successful. These bills are virtually never seen in circulation today. At present, they are generally used by American tourists who have saved their unused Canadian currency from a previous visit before 1989.[citation needed]
The most recent banknote series that included the $1 note was the 1969-1979 Series, "Scenes of Canada", with the $1 note released in 1974, coloured green and black. The front featured a portrait of the Queen; the back featured an image of Parliament Hill from across the Ottawa River, with logging activities taking place on the water.
Two-dollar bill
The $2 bill ceased printing on Feb. 18, 1996 with the release of the toonie, a coin that replaced it. These bills are virtually never seen in general circulation today, although there are many still being collected or stashed away somewhere, since there are 109,271,483 notes that have not been returned to the Bank of Canada (as of 2006), which is more than there are $10 notes in circulation.[1]
The most recent banknote series that included the $2 note was released in 1986 (the "Birds of Canada" series), in which the two was a terra cotta colour. The front featured a portrait of the Queen; the back featured a meadow scene with two robins. Unlike the U.S. $2 note, the $2 bill from the "Birds of Canada" series (1986) was widely circulated, especially after the $1 note was withdrawn. The bill is also noted for being frequently used as the sole visible currency in the TV show The Kids in the Hall, generally to humorous effect.
Thousand-dollar bill
The printing of $1,000 bills ceased in 2000. The denomination was withdrawn on the advice of the Solicitor General and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), as it was often used for money laundering. The bills were nicknamed "pinkies" due to their colour and association with organized crime.[2] One person could easily carry $1,000,000 in $1,000 bills. The Bank of Canada has requested that financial institutions return $1,000 bills for destruction.[3] However, this request is not a legal requirement, and some banks will recirculate $1,000 bills if their customers ask.
The final version of the bill was released in 1992, and was reddish-purple in colour. The front featured a portrait of the Queen; the back featured a winter scene with two Pine Grosbeaks. As demand was low, the $1000 note was not produced in the 1969-79 series; the 1954 series continued to be issued instead.
References
- ^ CBC News Interactive: Canadian bills in circulation
- ^ "Bank of Canada kills $1000 bill". CBC News. 2000-09-26. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "Bank of Canada to Stop Issuing $1000 Note". Bank of Canada. 2000-05-08. Retrieved 2007-07-27.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)