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{{Short description|American pharmacologist}}
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Reid Hunt (1870 - 1948)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Grabfield|first1=G. Philip|title=Reid Hunt, 1870-1948|journal=Science|date=August 1948|volume=108|issue=2797|page=127|doi=10.1126/science.108.2797.127|pmid=17806855|url=http://science.sciencemag.org/content/108/2797/127|accessdate=10 January 2018}}</ref>, who is known for his work on adrenal glands, extracts from which cause rise in blood pressure due to its content of adrenaline. When he removed the adrenaline from the extract and he found that it causes fall in blood pressure, which he concluded was due to a derivative of choline, later on called as acetylcholine.

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|quote = "I frequently obtained extracts of the suprarenal (and also of the brain) which caused a fall of blood pressure... and which were also more powerful than choline... I also got results...which led me to think that at least some of these results were to be attributed to a precursor of choline or to some compound of choline...From these observations it seemed not impossible that...cholin or to some compounds may have some importance in certain pathological conditions...acetylcholine the first of this series, is a substance of extraordinary physiological activity. In fact, i think it safe to state that as regards its effect upon the circulation, it is the most powerful substance known...we have not determined the cause of the fall of blood pressure from acetylcholine, but from the fact that it can be prevented entirely by atropine, I am inclined to think that it is due to an effect upon the terminations of the vagus in the heart."{{indent|90}}Commentry made by Reid Hunt in a paper published along with Taveau in the year 1906 <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/851818367|title=Dynamics of Cholinergic Function|last=Israel.|first=Hanin,|date=1986|publisher=Springer US|isbn=9781468451948|location=Boston, MA|oclc=851818367}}</ref>
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{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = [https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-101419430-img Reid Hunt]
| name = Reid Hunt
| image =
| image = File:Reid Hunt - NLM nlmuid-101419430-img.jpg
| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption =
| caption =
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date = {{birth date |1870|4|20|}}
| birth_date = {{birth date |1870|4|20|}}
| birth_place = Martinsville, Ohio
| birth_place = [[Martinsville, Ohio]]
| death_date = {{death date |1948|3|7|}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes |1948|3|7|1870|4|20|}}
| death_place = Belmont, Massachusetts
| death_place = [[Belmont, Massachusetts]]
| nationality =
| nationality =
| other_names =
| other_names =
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| notable_works = Pharmacological action of acetylcholine
| notable_works = Pharmacological action of acetylcholine
}}
}}

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'''Reid Hunt''' (1870–1948),<ref name="Grabfield">{{cite journal|last1=Grabfield|first1=G. Philip|title=Reid Hunt, 1870-1948|journal=Science|date=August 1948|volume=108|issue=2797|page=127|doi=10.1126/science.108.2797.127|pmid=17806855|bibcode=1948Sci...108..127G}}</ref> was an American [[pharmacology|pharmacologist]], known for his work on [[adrenal glands]]; where he postulated that extracts from which cause rise in blood pressure due to its content of adrenaline. When he removed the adrenaline from the extract and he found that it causes fall in blood pressure, which he concluded was due to a derivative of choline, later on known as acetylcholine.


==Research==
==Research==
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===Methyl alcohol toxicity===
* Embryology of polipterus, he carried out the studies in egypt.
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* Methyl alcohol toxicity.

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* Activity of acetylcholine.
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* Thyroid gland iodine content and its physiological activity, during this study he demonstrated the presence of thyroid hormone in the human blood.
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“It is believed that these experiments afford clear experimental evidence for the view that extremely moderate amount of alcohol may cause distinct changes in certain physiological functions, and that these changes, in certain circumstances may be injurious to the body. The results also further that in some respects the action of alcohol as a food is different from that of carbohydrates and finally that in all probability certain physiological processes in ‘moderate drinkers’ are distinctly different from those in abstainers.”{{indent|90}} Reid hunt's summary about his research on alcohol.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B8-ME7Vje6AC|title=Alcohol A Dangerous and Unnecessary Medicine|last=Allen|first=Martha Meir|date=1900|publisher=3Dekade Company|isbn=9781449967871|language=en}}</ref>
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===Activity of acetylcholine===
<blockquote><div class="floatcenter">
{{Quote box
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|quote = "I frequently obtained extracts of the suprarenal (and also of the brain) which caused a fall of blood pressure... and which were also more powerful than choline... I also got results...which led me to think that at least some of these results were to be attributed to a precursor of choline or to some compound of choline...From these observations it seemed not impossible that...cholin or to some compounds may have some importance in certain pathological conditions...acetylcholine the first of this series, is a substance of extraordinary physiological activity. In fact, i think it safe to state that as regards its effect upon the circulation, it is the most powerful substance known...we have not determined the cause of the fall of blood pressure from acetylcholine, but from the fact that it can be prevented entirely by atropine, I am inclined to think that it is due to an effect upon the terminations of the vagus in the heart."{{indent|90}}Commentry made by Reid Hunt in a paper published along with Taveau in the year 1906<ref>{{Cite book|title=Dynamics of Cholinergic Function|last=Israel.|first=Hanin|date=1986|publisher=Springer US|isbn=9781468451948|location=Boston, MA|oclc=851818367}}</ref>
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===Thyroid gland===
During the study of thyroid gland iodine content and its physiological activity he demonstrated the presence of thyroid hormone in the human blood. Studies involving acetonitrile showed that the poisoning is mainly due to the hydrocyanic acid liberated in the organism and its ability to neutralise various sulphur compounds.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hunt|first=Reid|date=1905-10-01|title=The Influence of Thyroid Feeding Upon Poisoning by Acetonitrile|url=http://www.jbc.org/content/1/1/33|journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry|language=en|volume=1|issue=1|pages=33–44|doi=10.1016/S0021-9258(17)46094-7|issn=0021-9258|doi-access=free}}</ref>


==Positions held==
==Positions held==
* Tutor in physiology (1896-1898), Columbia university medical school.
* Tutor in physiology (1896–1898), Columbia university medical school.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Chief of pharmacological division (1904-1913), Hygienic laboratory,U.S. public health service.
* Chief of pharmacological division (1904–1913), Hygienic laboratory,U.S. public health service.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Chair of pharmacology, Harvard medical school.<ref name="Grabfield"/><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdJGAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA65-PA15|title=United States Congressional Serial Set|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1928|pages=65–}}</ref>
* Chair of pharmacology, Harvard medical school.
* Chairman of council on pharmacy and chemistry of the american medical association.
* Chairman of council on pharmacy and chemistry of the American medical association.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* President of pharmacopeial convention.
* President of pharmacopeial convention.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Chairman of northeastern section of american chemical society.
* Chairman of northeastern section of American chemical society.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Secretory and president of american society for pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.
* Secretary and president of American society for pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Chairman of the section of on pharmacology and therapeutics of american medical association.
* Chairman of the section of on pharmacology and therapeutics of American medical association.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Consultant for chemical warfare service, U.S. army
* Consultant for chemical warfare service, U.S. army<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Consultant, Massachusetts state board of health
* Consultant, Massachusetts state board of health<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Consultant, Hygienic laboratory.
* Consultant, Hygienic laboratory.<ref name="Grabfield"/>
* Member, Drug standardisation committee of league of nations.
* Member, Drug standardisation committee of league of nations.<ref name="Grabfield"/>


== References ==
== References ==

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{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hunt, Reid}}
[[Category:1870 births]]
[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:American pharmacologists]]
[[Category:People from Clinton County, Ohio]]

Latest revision as of 00:08, 7 November 2023

Reid Hunt
Born(1870-04-20)April 20, 1870
Martinsville, Ohio
Died7 March 1948(1948-03-07) (aged 77)
Belmont, Massachusetts
Known forAcetylcholine
Notable workPharmacological action of acetylcholine

Reid Hunt (1870–1948),[1] was an American pharmacologist, known for his work on adrenal glands; where he postulated that extracts from which cause rise in blood pressure due to its content of adrenaline. When he removed the adrenaline from the extract and he found that it causes fall in blood pressure, which he concluded was due to a derivative of choline, later on known as acetylcholine.

Research[edit]

Methyl alcohol toxicity[edit]

“It is believed that these experiments afford clear experimental evidence for the view that extremely moderate amount of alcohol may cause distinct changes in certain physiological functions, and that these changes, in certain circumstances may be injurious to the body. The results also further that in some respects the action of alcohol as a food is different from that of carbohydrates and finally that in all probability certain physiological processes in ‘moderate drinkers’ are distinctly different from those in abstainers.”
                                                                                           Reid hunt's summary about his research on alcohol.[2]

Activity of acetylcholine[edit]

"I frequently obtained extracts of the suprarenal (and also of the brain) which caused a fall of blood pressure... and which were also more powerful than choline... I also got results...which led me to think that at least some of these results were to be attributed to a precursor of choline or to some compound of choline...From these observations it seemed not impossible that...cholin or to some compounds may have some importance in certain pathological conditions...acetylcholine the first of this series, is a substance of extraordinary physiological activity. In fact, i think it safe to state that as regards its effect upon the circulation, it is the most powerful substance known...we have not determined the cause of the fall of blood pressure from acetylcholine, but from the fact that it can be prevented entirely by atropine, I am inclined to think that it is due to an effect upon the terminations of the vagus in the heart."
                                                                                          Commentry made by Reid Hunt in a paper published along with Taveau in the year 1906[3]

Thyroid gland[edit]

During the study of thyroid gland iodine content and its physiological activity he demonstrated the presence of thyroid hormone in the human blood. Studies involving acetonitrile showed that the poisoning is mainly due to the hydrocyanic acid liberated in the organism and its ability to neutralise various sulphur compounds.[4]

Positions held[edit]

  • Tutor in physiology (1896–1898), Columbia university medical school.[1]
  • Chief of pharmacological division (1904–1913), Hygienic laboratory,U.S. public health service.[1]
  • Chair of pharmacology, Harvard medical school.[1][5]
  • Chairman of council on pharmacy and chemistry of the American medical association.[1]
  • President of pharmacopeial convention.[1]
  • Chairman of northeastern section of American chemical society.[1]
  • Secretary and president of American society for pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.[1]
  • Chairman of the section of on pharmacology and therapeutics of American medical association.[1]
  • Consultant for chemical warfare service, U.S. army[1]
  • Consultant, Massachusetts state board of health[1]
  • Consultant, Hygienic laboratory.[1]
  • Member, Drug standardisation committee of league of nations.[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Grabfield, G. Philip (August 1948). "Reid Hunt, 1870-1948". Science. 108 (2797): 127. Bibcode:1948Sci...108..127G. doi:10.1126/science.108.2797.127. PMID 17806855.
  2. ^ Allen, Martha Meir (1900). Alcohol A Dangerous and Unnecessary Medicine. 3Dekade Company. ISBN 9781449967871.
  3. ^ Israel., Hanin (1986). Dynamics of Cholinergic Function. Boston, MA: Springer US. ISBN 9781468451948. OCLC 851818367.
  4. ^ Hunt, Reid (1905-10-01). "The Influence of Thyroid Feeding Upon Poisoning by Acetonitrile". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1 (1): 33–44. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)46094-7. ISSN 0021-9258.
  5. ^ United States Congressional Serial Set. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1928. pp. 65–.
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