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{{Short description|American author and Baptist missionary}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Virginia E. Walker Broughton<!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name -->
| name = Virginia E. Broughton
| image = <!-- just the filename, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| image = <!-- just the filename, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| caption =
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_name = Virginia E. Walker
| birth_date = March 1, 1856
| birth_date = March 1, 1856
| birth_place = [[Nashville, Tennessee]], [[United States]]
| birth_place = [[Nashville, Tennessee]], United States
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1934|09|21|1856|03|01}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1934|09|21|1856|03|01}}
| death_place =
| death_place =
| nationality = American
| nationality = American
⚫
| occupation = {{hlist|Author|[[missionary]]}}
| other_names =
⚫
| known_for =
⚫
| occupation = [[Author]]<br/>[[Missionary]]
| father = [[Nelson Walker]]
⚫
| known_for =
}}
}}

'''Virginia E. (Walker) Broughton''' (née Walker, March 1, 1856&nbsp;–&nbsp;September 21, 1934) was an [[African-American]] author and Baptist missionary. One of four students in the first class at Fisk College in 1867, she later became a recognized religious scholar, writing articles for the ''National Baptist Union'' newspaper and ''National Baptist Magazine''. As a prominent member of the Baptist church and National Corresponding Secretary of the [[National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.|National Baptist Convention]], she worked to ensure that the issues of African-American religious women were addressed by the governing body of the denomination. Broughton was licensed as a missionary and subsequently commissioned to the mission field. Her teaching, writing and preaching were popular among women and men alike.
'''Virginia E. Broughton''' ({{née}} Walker; March 1, 1856 – September 21, 1934) was an [[African Americans|African American]] author and [[Baptists|Baptist]] [[missionary]]. One of four students in the first class at [[Fisk College]] in 1867, she later became a recognized [[religious scholar]], writing articles for ''National Baptist Union'' and ''National Baptist Magazine''. As a prominent member of the Baptist church and National Corresponding Secretary of the [[National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc.|National Baptist Convention]], she worked to ensure that the interests of African American religious women were addressed by the governing body of the Baptist denomination. Broughton was licensed as a missionary and subsequently commissioned to the mission field.


== Personal background ==
== Personal background ==
Virginia Walker was born into slavery on March 1, 1856, in [[Nashville, Tennessee]] to Nelson and Eliza (née Smart) Walker. Her father's master permitted him to hire out and work for fees, and to save some of his pay in order to earn enough money to buy his family's freedom. After obtaining freedom, Nelson Walker read the law with an established firm and became an attorney; he was known as the first African-American man admitted to the state bar in [[Davidson County, Tennessee]].<!-- When? Before or after emancipation? --><ref>Carter, Tomeiko Ashford, editor (2010). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=bJPKyinTwRAC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false Virginia Broughton: The Life and Writings of a Missionary]'', The University of Tennessee Press, pp 1-7. {{ISBN|978-1572336964}}</ref>
Virginia Walker was born free on March 1, 1856, in [[Nashville, Tennessee]] to [[Nelson Walker]] and Eliza (née Smart) Walker.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Broughton|first=Virginia W. |title=Virginia Broughton: the life and writings of a National Baptist missionary|date=2010|publisher=University of Tennessee Press|editor=Tomeiko Ashford Carter|isbn=978-1-57233-709-1 |location=Knoxville|page=1|oclc=699513608}}</ref> Her father's master permitted him to hire out and work for fees, and to save some of his pay to earn enough money to buy his family's freedom. After obtaining freedom, Nelson Walker read the law with an established firm and became an attorney; he was known as the first African American man admitted to the [[state bar association]] in [[Davidson County, Tennessee]].{{when|reason=Before or after emancipation?|date=December 2021}}<ref>Carter, Tomeiko Ashford, editor (2010). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=bJPKyinTwRAC Virginia Broughton: The Life and Writings of a Missionary]'', The University of Tennessee Press, pp 1–7. {{ISBN|978-1572336964}}</ref>


Beginning in 1867, Broughton was one of the first four students to attend Fisk College (then offering classes equivalent to a primary school and upper grades) and its Normal Institute, dedicated to teacher training. In 1875, Broughton graduated with honors and gained her teaching credentials. In 1878, she earned a [[Master's degree]] in teaching, also from Fisk.<ref>Carter(2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', page xxxix.</ref>
Beginning in 1867, Broughton was one of the first four students to attend Fisk College (then offering classes equivalent to a primary school and upper grades) and its Normal Institute, dedicated to teacher training. In 1875, Broughton graduated with honors and earned her teaching credentials. In 1878, she earned a Master's degree in teaching, also from Fisk.<ref>Carter(2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', page xxxix.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.nypl.org/schomburg/writers_aa19/biographies.html |title=Biographies |publisher=Digital.nypl.org |access-date=2012-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/books/9781572337091 |title=Virginia Broughton: The Life and Writings of a Missionary| editor= Tomeiko Ashford Carter |date=2010 |publisher= The University of Tennessee Press |isbn=9781572337091| access-date=2012-12-09}}</ref> Broughton, and [[America W. Robinson]] were the first four students to enroll at Fisk in 1867 when it opened. Broughton, [[James Dallas Burrus]], and his brother [[John Houston Burrus]] were the first African Americans to graduate from a [[liberal arts college]] south of the [[Mason-Dixon line]]. (Robinson's graduation was delayed as she was touring overseas with the [[Fisk Jubilee Singers]].)<ref>Richardson, Joe M. (1965). "A Negro Success Story: James Dallas Burrus." ''The Journal of Negro History''. 50(4): 274–282.</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.nypl.org/schomburg/writers_aa19/biographies.html |title=Biographies |publisher=Digital.nypl.org |access-date=2012-12-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/books/9781572337091 |title=Virginia Broughton: The Life and Writings of a Missionary| editor= Tomeiko Ashford Carter |date=2010 |publisher= The University of Tennessee Press | access-date=2012-12-09}}</ref> Broughton, and [[America W. Robinson]] were the first four students to enroll at Fisk in 1867 when it opened. Broughton, [[James Dallas Burrus]], and his brother [[John Houston Burrus]] were the first African Americans to graduate from a liberal arts college south of the [[Mason-Dixon line]]. (Robinson's graduation was delayed as she was touring overseas with the [[Fisk Jubilee Singers]].<ref>Richardson, Joe M. (1965). "A Negro Success Story: James Dallas Burrus." ''The Journal of Negro History''. 50(4): 274-282.</ref>


Broughton began teaching in the public schools in [[Memphis, Tennessee]]. She served there until 1887, when she resigned and accepted a position with the B.B.N.&I. (Bible Bands) Institute in Memphis. Her position with the Institute was the official start of her missionary work.<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', p. 2.</ref> In August 1902, at the Woman's State Convention of Tennessee, Walker was elected to serve as the National Corresponding Secretary for the National Baptist Convention.<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', p. 29.</ref>
Broughton began teaching in the public schools in [[Memphis, Tennessee]]. She served there until 1887, when she resigned and accepted a position with the B.B.N.&I. (Bible Bands) Institute in Memphis. Her position with the Institute was the official start of her missionary work.<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', p. 2.</ref> In August 1902, at the Woman's State Convention of Tennessee, Walker was elected to serve as the National Corresponding Secretary for the National Baptist Convention.<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', p. 29.</ref>


Walker married Julius A. O. Broughton Sr.<!-- when? --> and together, they had five children: Elizabeth, Emma, Selina, Virginia, and Julius, Jr.<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', pp 14-17.</ref><ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', pp 40-41.</ref>
Walker married Julius A. O. Broughton Sr.<!-- when? --> and together, they had five children: Elizabeth, Emma, Selina, Virginia, and Julius, Jr.<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', pp 14–17.</ref><ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', pp 40–41.</ref>


Broughton developed [[diabetes]] later in life. She died on September 21, 1934 from complications of the disease. Her husband had died on December 4, 1930 from a stroke.<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', page xl.</ref>
Broughton developed [[diabetes]] later in life. She died on September 21, 1934, from complications of the disease. Her husband had died on December 4, 1930, from a [[stroke]].<ref>Carter (2010). ''Virginia Broughton'', page xl.</ref>


== Published works ==
== Published works ==
* Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1895). ''A Brief Sketch of the Life and Labors of Mrs. V. W. Broughton, Bible Band Missionary, for Middle and West Tennessee''.
* Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1895). ''A Brief Sketch of the Life and Labors of Mrs. V. W. Broughton, Bible Band Missionary, for Middle and West Tennessee''.
* Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1904). ''[http://muse.jhu.edu/books/9781572337091 Woman's Work: As Gleaned from the Women of the Bible, and the Bible Women of Modern Times]''.
* Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1904). ''Woman's Work: As Gleaned from the Women of the Bible, and the Bible Women of Modern Times''.
* Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1907). ''[http://digilib.nypl.org/dynaweb/digs-b/wwm974/@Generic__BookView Twenty Year's Experience of a Missionary]'', New York Digital Library, full text online.
* Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1907). ''Twenty Year's Experience of a Missionary'', New York Digital Library, full text online.


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

*''Virginia Broughton: The Life and Writings of a Missionary'', Edited by Tomeiko Ashford Carter, Nashville: The University of Tennessee Press, 2010; includes the first two titles above, as well as other uncollected writings


== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
*Higginbothan, Evelyn Brooks. ''Righteous Discontent The Women's Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880-1920'' (1997).
*Higginbothan, Evelyn Brooks. ''Righteous Discontent The Women's Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880–1920'' (1997).
* Rosenberg, Charles. "Broughton, Virginia E. Walker." ''African American National Biography''. Edited by Ed. Henry Louis Gates Jr., "Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham". Oxford African American Studies Center, (10/04/2012)
* Rosenberg, Charles. "Broughton, Virginia E. Walker." ''African American National Biography''. Edited by Ed. Henry Louis Gates Jr., "Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham". Oxford African American Studies Center, (10/04/2012)
* Virginia E Walker Broughton. ''Notable Black American Women'', Gale: 1992; Gale Biography in Context; Web 13 Sept 2012.
* Virginia E Walker Broughton. ''Notable Black American Women'', Gale: 1992; Gale Biography in Context; Web September 13, 2012.


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Broughton, Virginia E. Walker}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Broughton, Virginia}}
[[Category:1856 births]]
[[Category:1856 births]]
[[Category:1934 deaths]]
[[Category:1934 deaths]]
[[Category:African-American women writers]]
[[Category:19th-century African-American women writers]]
[[Category:19th-century American writers]]
[[Category:19th-century American women writers]]
[[Category:19th-century African-American writers]]
[[Category:Fisk University alumni]]
[[Category:Fisk University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Nashville, Tennessee]]
[[Category:People from Nashville, Tennessee]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American people]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American people]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American women]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American women]]
[[Category:Deaths from diabetes]]
[[Category:African Americans in Tennessee]]

Latest revision as of 13:40, 30 March 2024

Virginia E. Broughton
Born
Virginia E. Walker

March 1, 1856
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
DiedSeptember 21, 1934(1934-09-21) (aged 78)
NationalityAmerican
Occupations
Parent

Virginia E. Broughton (née Walker; March 1, 1856 – September 21, 1934) was an African American author and Baptist missionary. One of four students in the first class at Fisk College in 1867, she later became a recognized religious scholar, writing articles for National Baptist Union and National Baptist Magazine. As a prominent member of the Baptist church and National Corresponding Secretary of the National Baptist Convention, she worked to ensure that the interests of African American religious women were addressed by the governing body of the Baptist denomination. Broughton was licensed as a missionary and subsequently commissioned to the mission field.

Personal background[edit]

Virginia Walker was born free on March 1, 1856, in Nashville, Tennessee to Nelson Walker and Eliza (née Smart) Walker.[1] Her father's master permitted him to hire out and work for fees, and to save some of his pay to earn enough money to buy his family's freedom. After obtaining freedom, Nelson Walker read the law with an established firm and became an attorney; he was known as the first African American man admitted to the state bar association in Davidson County, Tennessee.[when?][2]

Beginning in 1867, Broughton was one of the first four students to attend Fisk College (then offering classes equivalent to a primary school and upper grades) and its Normal Institute, dedicated to teacher training. In 1875, Broughton graduated with honors and earned her teaching credentials. In 1878, she earned a Master's degree in teaching, also from Fisk.[3][4][5] Broughton, and America W. Robinson were the first four students to enroll at Fisk in 1867 when it opened. Broughton, James Dallas Burrus, and his brother John Houston Burrus were the first African Americans to graduate from a liberal arts college south of the Mason-Dixon line. (Robinson's graduation was delayed as she was touring overseas with the Fisk Jubilee Singers.)[6]

Broughton began teaching in the public schools in Memphis, Tennessee. She served there until 1887, when she resigned and accepted a position with the B.B.N.&I. (Bible Bands) Institute in Memphis. Her position with the Institute was the official start of her missionary work.[7] In August 1902, at the Woman's State Convention of Tennessee, Walker was elected to serve as the National Corresponding Secretary for the National Baptist Convention.[8]

Walker married Julius A. O. Broughton Sr. and together, they had five children: Elizabeth, Emma, Selina, Virginia, and Julius, Jr.[9][10]

Broughton developed diabetes later in life. She died on September 21, 1934, from complications of the disease. Her husband had died on December 4, 1930, from a stroke.[11]

Published works[edit]

  • Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1895). A Brief Sketch of the Life and Labors of Mrs. V. W. Broughton, Bible Band Missionary, for Middle and West Tennessee.
  • Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1904). Woman's Work: As Gleaned from the Women of the Bible, and the Bible Women of Modern Times.
  • Broughton, Virginia E. Walker (1907). Twenty Year's Experience of a Missionary, New York Digital Library, full text online.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Broughton, Virginia W. (2010). Tomeiko Ashford Carter (ed.). Virginia Broughton: the life and writings of a National Baptist missionary. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-57233-709-1. OCLC 699513608.
  2. ^ Carter, Tomeiko Ashford, editor (2010). Virginia Broughton: The Life and Writings of a Missionary, The University of Tennessee Press, pp 1–7. ISBN 978-1572336964
  3. ^ Carter(2010). Virginia Broughton, page xxxix.
  4. ^ "Biographies". Digital.nypl.org. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  5. ^ Tomeiko Ashford Carter, ed. (2010). Virginia Broughton: The Life and Writings of a Missionary. The University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 9781572337091. Retrieved December 9, 2012.
  6. ^ Richardson, Joe M. (1965). "A Negro Success Story: James Dallas Burrus." The Journal of Negro History. 50(4): 274–282.
  7. ^ Carter (2010). Virginia Broughton, p. 2.
  8. ^ Carter (2010). Virginia Broughton, p. 29.
  9. ^ Carter (2010). Virginia Broughton, pp 14–17.
  10. ^ Carter (2010). Virginia Broughton, pp 40–41.
  11. ^ Carter (2010). Virginia Broughton, page xl.

Further reading[edit]

  • Higginbothan, Evelyn Brooks. Righteous Discontent The Women's Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880–1920 (1997).
  • Rosenberg, Charles. "Broughton, Virginia E. Walker." African American National Biography. Edited by Ed. Henry Louis Gates Jr., "Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham". Oxford African American Studies Center, (10/04/2012)
  • Virginia E Walker Broughton. Notable Black American Women, Gale: 1992; Gale Biography in Context; Web September 13, 2012.
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