Anki
| Anki
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 Anki in learning mode under Linux Mint |
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| Basic data
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| developer | Damien Elmes |
| Publishing year | October 5, 2006 |
| Current version |
2.1.29 ( July 28, 2020 ) |
| operating system | Windows , Linux , Mac OS X , iOS , Android |
| programming language | Python (desktop version) |
| category | Flashcard |
| License | AGPL v3, proprietary (iOS) |
| German speaking | Yes |
| apps.ankiweb.net | |
Anki (based on the Japanese word 暗記 anki for "memorization") is an open-source learning card software , originally intended primarily for learning foreign languages, but due to its diverse setting options, it is suitable for practicing a wide variety of content. For the exercises, Anki uses an algorithm whose repetition interval for individual facts is specifically designed for integration into long-term memory .
functionality
Adding content
In addition to importing publicly accessible files or your own files with stacks of cards, you can also create stacks yourself or expand existing ones. For this purpose, no cards are created, but the prefabricated fields are filled in in notes. Anki formats this information using the note type and creates cards that can then be used for learning. This makes it possible to connect several cards with the same fields. The cards can also be tagged with keywords in order to only have to repeat part of the deck later.
For language learning, the data (facts) can e.g. B. can be entered as follows:
- Box 1 ( French ): Word in the target language - "gâteau"
- Box 2 ( Pronunciation ): Pronunciation - [audio file pronounced with the word "gâteau"]
- Field 3 ( German ): Meaning in your own language - "Cake"
- Keyword (optional): One or more categories for the word - "Food"
A card is then created based on a note type. The card template works with placeholders and can look like this:
- Front: French
- Back: German
pronunciation
The placeholders are then replaced by the entered content, creating a map. This now has the following format:
| gâteau |
| Cake [audio file] |
You can create multiple note types at the same time to create multiple cards at once. For example, in another model, the French word or just the audio file may appear on the front.
Learning and Queries
In learning mode, as with comparable programs, cards with the term to be learned and the explanation are displayed simultaneously. When querying knowledge, only the pattern to be answered is displayed. The answer can be revealed or, if desired, entered so that Anki can compare it with the correct one. Anki's special repetition algorithm is used in both modes. Edited cards can be marked to have them repeated within the same session or after a certain interval. The interval depends on the degree of difficulty with which the user can memorize the fact to be learned. Easy-to-remember notes are repeated after a long period of time, difficult ones after a shorter period. However, subject areas marked with key words can be selected (in the above example “food”) in order to learn separately with a selection pile, or to hide certain subject areas for a short time. When learning or querying, only one stack can be used at a time. The user can, among other things, set the number of cards to be processed per day or the time available for this.
features
- Both images and video and audio files are supported.
- Superscript and subscript symbols
- With LaTeX and HTML support, mathematical formulas and more complex representations can also be achieved.
- Larger amounts of entries can be imported from CSV files or from your own format and also exported.
- A statistics mode allows you to show your entire learning progress.
- Anki can easily be expanded in its functionality through a plugin interface.
- By synchronizing with an online server, AnkiWeb, the data can be exchanged between several computers or a smartphone, and can also be learned directly on the website. (It is possible to set up a synchronization server compatible with AnkiWeb.)
- Many existing learning stacks can be downloaded directly from Anki.
- Thanks to the support of Unicode, the program masters almost all alphabets and writing systems.
Repetition method
The purpose of the method of repetition with gaps ("spaced repetition") used by Anki is to retrieve information from memory shortly before it is forgotten and thus to achieve maximum effect when training long-term memory. Anki originally used the SuperMemo 5 algorithm (SM5) to calculate the repetition intervals for the queries. However, according to the Anki author, this algorithm turned out to be problematic, since the repetition intervals are not generated independently for each individual card. Instead, the SuperMemo algorithms from version SM3 take into account similarities to other flash cards, which can sometimes lead to inconsistencies (especially if the flash cards are of different difficulty and are only learned irregularly). The developer therefore decided on an improved SM2 algorithm, which was implemented for SuperMemo in the late 1980s, which allows greater flexibility.
Mobile versions
There are now several smartphone clients with which Anki stacks can be learned on the go.
- AnkiDroid for Android (third party)
- AnkiMobile for iOS (for a fee, the proceeds from the sale of the app finance the development of the desktop version and the operation of AnkiWeb)
- AnkiWeb as an online version
The flashcards and learning progress can be synchronized with Anki in both directions via AnkiWeb.
The similarly named program AnkiApp is not compatible with Anki.
AnkiDroid
| AnkiDroid
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 AnkiDroid in learning mode |
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| Basic data
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| developer | Nicolas Raoul |
| Publishing year | October 5, 2006 |
| Current version | 2.5.4 (December 14, 2015) |
| operating system | Android |
| programming language | Java |
| category | Flashcard |
| License | GPL v3 |
| German speaking | Yes |
| github.com/ankidroid/Anki-Android | |
AnkiDroid is a compatible third-party Anki implementation for the Android mobile operating system . It supports the files created by Anki, which can be synchronized either over the Internet with AnkiWeb or by simply copying the Anki file to the smartphone.
The software displays the maps with image and audio support, and also offers the basic functions for creating and editing maps. When adding new notes, it is possible to insert pictures from the gallery and to take photos with the camera. A pronunciation recorded using the smartphone's internal microphone can also be added directly to the card. Words can be translated directly using an extended editor and the pronunciation of a word can be added as an audio file. Formatting is displayed but cannot be edited (with the exception of direct HTML writing).
A special feature is the support of user-defined fonts. So you don't have to rely on the Android fonts, you can use any font. This is especially useful if you want to learn languages whose script is not yet supported by Android or is only insufficiently supported.
There is also a night mode in which white text is used on a black background. This mode can increase battery life and is more comfortable to read in the dark. With a whiteboard, you can take notes directly on the screen by simply writing. This is useful, for example, when learning Chinese characters. In addition, as with Anki, an input field can be used for the answer so that Ankidroid can compare the answer.
There is also the option of having the cards read out to you in different languages while learning using a text-to-speech system (TTS). The existing Google TTS engine can be used for this. If a language is not available (e.g. Russian in the Android version Ice Cream Sandwich), another text-to-speech output, e.g. B. SVOX Classic TTS can be used.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Damien Elmes: Happy birthday, Anki! . October 5, 2011 (English, accessed September 11, 2013): “ The oldest records I can find of Anki are from Oct 5 2006, making today Anki's 5th birthday. ”
- ↑ a b Damien Elmes: ichi2.net . October 5, 2011 (accessed November 22, 2015): “ The oldest records I can find of Anki are from Oct 5 2006, making today Anki's 5th birthday. ”
- ↑ Release 2.1.29 . July 28, 2020 (accessed July 28, 2020).
- ^ Anki Algorithm
- ↑ Memory Reminder. (PDF; 1.6 MB) In: Ubuntu Users Magazine. Retrieved September 24, 2010 (English, Mnemosyne and Anki in the test).
- ↑ a b German Anki documentation. Retrieved November 9, 2014 .
- ↑ Anki Manual. Retrieved November 9, 2014 .
- ↑ a b Anki Review. Retrieved May 26, 2010 (English).
- ↑ dsnopek / anki-sync-server. Retrieved April 9, 2017 .
- ↑ SM2 algorithm
- ↑ AnkiDroid
- ↑ AnkiMobile
- ↑ AnkiWeb
- ↑ AnkiApp
- ↑ Statement in the Anki Knowledge Base
- ↑ AnkiDroid Documentation. Retrieved December 3, 2015 .