Anna Karenina Principle
The Anna-Karenina principle describes a general principle according to which several factors or conditions must be fulfilled for a thing to succeed and the lack of a single factor leads to failure or exclusion.
Leo Tolstoy
Basis of the Anna Karenina principle-is the first sentence in the published 1877-78 novel Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy : "All happy families resemble one another, each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way."
While many factors (sexual attraction, money issues, child-rearing, religion, in-laws) have to be right for a happy family, only one of these factors need not be right for an unhappy family .
General
This principle can also be applied to areas other than family psychology , such as evolution , business life and project management .
In generalized terms:
- Success has many factors that all have to be right.
- It only takes one factor that is not right for failure.
Jared Diamond
The Anna-Karenina principle was published in 1997 by the American evolutionary biologist Jared Diamond in his book Guns, Germs, and Steel (German: poor and rich ). The principle here describes conditions that must be present in an animal species, which are considered prerequisites in order to favor its domestication . Only if all of the above conditions are met can this animal species be domesticated or bred on a farm with a high degree of probability using the Anna Karenina principle.
See also
literature
- Dwayne RJ Moore: The Anna Karenina Principle Applied to Ecological Risk Assessments of Multiple Stressors . In: Human and Ecological Risk Assessment , Volume 7, Number 2, 2001, Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia (Pennsylvania, USA), ISSN 1080-7039 , pp. 231-237 (7). (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Jared Diamond: Guns, Germs, and Steel. The Fates of Human Societies . WW Norton & Company, New York (NY, USA) a. a. 1997, ISBN 0-393-03891-2 . (English)