A rescue company for businesses participating in the war

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The collecting societies for war-participant enterprises of the trade , founded in 1941, were supposed to reserve and manage the expropriated or yet to be expropriated Polish and Jewish trading enterprises for German war veterans located in the incorporated former Polish areas. Shareholders were the top trade organizations: the Reichsgruppe Handel , the business group wholesale and foreign trade and the business group retail .

history

The Nazi regime expanded the group of victims to be expropriated after the attack on Poland from the Jews to the Polish population as part of the Germanization and living space policy . After initially locally organized expropriations, Jews and Poles in the annexed areas had to cede their property to the German Reich without compensation. Only gradually did Hermann Göring's newly founded Haupttrreuhandstelle Ost (HTO) become the all-powerful and unrivaled central institution of the process, with the previous Aryanization of Jewish assets in the Reich, Austria and the Protectorate serving as a model. The trade construction Ost GmbH of HTO was commissioned with the exploitation and administration of the trading operations. About 130,000 businesses were recorded, of which around 100,000 had to be closed. 25,000 were given to ethnic German resettlers due to a priority regulation of the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German Volkstum Himmler , so that at the turn of the year 1940/41 there were only about 5,000 partly inferior businesses still in Polish hands, which were to be reserved for deserving war veterans. For this purpose, at the instigation of the Wehrmacht, rescue companies for companies participating in the war were founded, which were to carry out a collective administration of the trading companies in each Gau so that these could be transferred to individual war participants. The number to be distributed was reduced in favor of the resettlers by a further 2,000 by the beginning of 1942 to around 3,000 at last.

The rescue companies succeeded in developing the acquired Polish businesses, partly with the help of the former owners as employees, into functioning branch companies. By mid-1944, however, only 120 companies were able to be handed over to combatants due to the war.

The rescue companies

After Franz Hayler, as head of the Reichsgruppe Handel, founded the rescue company for war participants in commerce in Oberschlesien GmbH at the beginning of 1941 , he was commissioned by the head of the main trust center in East Max Winkler to set up additional rescue companies in the affiliated Reichsgau.

Reception societies for war companies
Rescue company Katowice Poses Gotenhafen Zichenau
founded January 27, 1941 March 6, 1941 March 6, 1941 June 12, 1941
Allegiance
(employee) 		3,245 3,894 709 460
Proportion of non-Germans 54% 83% 52% 87%

The Handelsaufbau Ost GmbH of the main trust center in the east took over the share capital on September 2, 1943 and became the holding company.

literature

  • Jeanne Dingell: On the activities of the main trust office in the east, trust office in Poznan from 1939 to 1945 . Peter Lang 2003, ISBN 3-631-50569-8 .
  • Bernhard Rosenkötter: Fiduciary Policy . Klartext 2003, ISBN 3-89861-141-8 .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jeanne Dingell: On the activity of the main trust office in the east, trust office in Poznan from 1939 to 1945 . P. 129.
  2. ↑ Jeanne Dingell: On the activity of the main trust office in the east, trust office in Poznan from 1939 to 1945 . P. 18.
  3. ^ Ingo Loose: The Reich Ministry of Economics and the persecution of the Jews . In: Economic Policy in Germany 1917–1990 , De Gruyter 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-046281-4 , p. 464 ff.
  4. ^ Bernhard Rosenkötter: Treuhandpolitik . P. 201 ff.
  5. ^ Bernhard Rosenkötter: Treuhandpolitik . P. 205.
  6. ^ Bernhard Rosenkötter: Treuhandpolitik . P. 202.
  7. ^ Bernhard Rosenkötter: Treuhandpolitik . P. 300.