Biogenetic reserve

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A biogenetic reserve or biogenetic reserve is a category of European nature conservation.

Basics

The European Network of Biogenetic Reserves is based on resolutions (76) 17 of March 15, 1976 and (79) 9 of May 29, 1979 of the Council of Europe's Council of Ministers . The aim is to protect certain habitats or entire ecosystems (both terrestrial and aquatic) in order to contribute to the maintenance of the ecological balance and the preservation of representative sample areas of nature on our continent. 41 countries have acceded to the resolution, including Germany (in 1990), Austria and Switzerland. A biogenetic reserve should not represent an independent protection category, but the goals should be realized within the framework of national protected areas. One speaks of so-called "predicate areas". Comparable categories are e.g. B. the " European diploma"Or" European reserve ". It is, as it were, a special distinction that is given to protected areas that help to achieve the required goals in a special way. The registration of areas as biogenetic reserves is voluntary on the initiative of the member state. There are no sanctions for violations.

Since the third ministerial conference “Environment for Europe”, which took place in Sofia (Bulgaria) in 2007, biogenetic reserves are to be sought within the framework of the newly created “Pan-European Biological and Landscape Diversity Strategy” (PEBLDS), which is a “Pan-European Ecological Network "(PEEN). The PEBLDS is a forum for coordinating national efforts by member countries and certain non-governmental organizations. Independent activities or initiatives for biogenetic reserves have not taken place since then.

National activities

Germany

There is only one biogenetic reserve in Germany: the mouth of the Isar in Bavaria. The area is currently in acute danger from hydraulic engineering projects. The Bundestag committee for technology assessment came to the following conclusion in 1998:

"Overall, however, it can be said that the long-standing recommendation of the EU to use natural and other protected areas also in the sense of developing so-called biogenetic reserves, which are particularly beneficial for the protection and preservation of plant genetic resources, is insufficient in the Federal Republic of Germany was picked up. ".

Austria

In Austria there are clear national efforts to designate biogenetic reserves, which are coordinated by the Federal Environment Agency. There are a total of 56 biogenetic reserves, which cover a total area of ​​173,051.37 hectares (1,730.5 km² or 2.4% of the federal territory). These are also areas designated under state law, partly also European protected areas, two areas have only partial protection. None are shown in Vienna and Vorarlberg.

Switzerland

Switzerland has currently designated nine protected areas as biogenetic reserves. These are large areas without strict national protection status throughout.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.infohaus-isarmuendung.de/
  2. ↑ http://dipbt.bundestag.de/doc/btd/13/112/1311253.pdf
  3. ↑ http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/umweltsituation/naturschutz/sg/biogenres/
  4. ↑ Umweltbundesamt Report R-161: Biogenetic Reserves and Biosphere Reserves in Austria. 1999 ( PDF , Umweltbundesamt.at).
  5. ^ Federal Office for the Environment: Geodata