Bowl Prechamber Ignition

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Bowl prechamber Ignition (to German: Muldenvorkammerzündung ), also known as BPI process is a combustion process for gasoline engines , with a lean air-fuel mixture to be operated. It is characterized by a special type of spark plug that can reliably ignite even extremely lean mixtures, the so-called prechamber spark plug . The ignition electrodes of this spark plug are enclosed in a type of specifically perforated capsule that forms an antechamber . During the compression stroke of the piston, less than 5% of the fuel mass is specifically injected into the piston recess, which then enters the prechamber spark plug through the holes in the prechamber shortly before top dead center due to the pressure conditions prevailing in the combustion chamber. In this way, an ignitable mixture is formed within the prechamber spark plug in every operating state of the engine, which can be ignited by the ignition spark. After ignition, rays of flame emerge through the holes in the antechamber, which, unlike a conventional ignition spark, can ignite extremely lean mixtures. Despite its name similarity, Bowl Prechamber Ignition is technically not related to the antechamber process .

literature

  • Maurice Kettner, Jürgen Fischer, Andreas Nauwerck, Jan Tribulowski, Ulrich Spicher, Amin Velji: The BPI Flame Jet Concept to Improve the Inflammation of Lean Burn Mixtures in Spark Ignited Engines . SAE. 2004. DOI 10.4271 / 2004-01-0035. ISBN 0-7680-1319-4
  • Richard van Basshuysen (Ed.): Otto engine with direct injection and direct injection: Otto fuels, natural gas, methane, hydrogen , 4th edition, Springer, Wiesbaden, 2017. ISBN 9783658122157 . P. 58f.
  • Kurt Lohner, Herbert Müller (authors): Mixture formation and combustion in gasoline engines , in Hans List (ed.): The combustion machine , Volume 6, Springer, Vienna, 1967, ISBN 978-3-7091-8180-5 , p. 285