Well field system
The well field system ( Chinese 井田制度 , Pinyin Jǐngtián zhìdù ), derived from the Chinese character for well (jǐng 井), was a method in classical China to cultivate the fields collectively. As the beginning of a social arable farming economy, it consisted of dividing the arable land into nine fields each, each to a hundred mu (equivalent to 675.68 ares ). Of these fields, which are in three rows of three fields each, the outer eight are for the people, the central field in the middle for the government. This concept was represented by the philosopher Menzius : A square (jing 經) consists of 900 mu 畝. Eight families own 100 mu each and cultivate the public field together.
literature
- I. Bloom: The evolution of Confucian tradition in antiquity. In: William Theodore De Bary, Wing-tsit Chan, Richard John Lufrano and others: Sources of Chinese Tradition. 2nd Edition. Columbia University Press, New York 1999, ISBN 0-231-10939-3 .
- Mark Edward Lewis: The Construction of Space in Early China. State University of New York Press, Albany 2006, ISBN 0-7914-6607-8 .
- Fu Zhufu: The economic history of China: Some special problems. In: Modern China. Volume 7, No. 1, 1981, pp. 3-30. doi: 10.1177 / 009770048100700101
Individual evidence
- ^ Gabriele Schwarz: General settlement geography: The rural settlements. The settlements standing between the countryside and the city . Walter de Gruyter, 1989, ISBN 3-11-007895-3 , p. 241 ( preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Hans van Ess: Politics and erudition in the time of the Han (202 BC-220 AD) the old text . Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1993, ISBN 3-447-03384-3 , p. 124 ff . ( Preview in Google Book Search).