Buyruk
The book Buyruk (from Old Turkish Uy = 1. adapt, (follow) , 2. enter , accept , in the broader sense: rules ) is a collection of beliefs, recitation regulations and the value system in Alevism .
content
In addition to beliefs, recitation regulations and the value system, topics such as 'Musahiplik' ( elective affinities ) and other areas of Alevism are addressed in the Buyruk , everything is supplemented by stories and poems, including by Haci Bektas Veli .
The Buyruk contain moral admonitions, instructions on how to conduct religious ceremonies, conventions on the duties of the individual, and events from early Islamic history.
There are also countless “nefes” (breath), poems written between the 13th and 17th centuries by important Alevi poets such as Yunus Emre, Schach Ismail (also known as “Hatayi”), Kaygusuz Abdal or Pir Sultan Abdal.
They also reveal Alevi customs and values, both the Buyruks and the Nefes are without exception still written in Turkish.
history
There are many different 'Buyruk', the collection of the contents was designed by the respective authors, but there are also de facto versions of this collection of beliefs that are regarded as' sacred ', where a distinction was previously made between the' Great Buyruk 'by Seyh Safi and the' Little Buyruk ', also known as " Imam Ja'far Sadik -Buyrugu".
The Alevis maintained a strict code of secrecy and categorically shielded themselves from the outside world. Today it is Alevi catechisms (buyruk), which are in the possession of ocak members (holy families) and only became accessible to science through extensive research. They have not yet been fully deciphered, but there are still a few copies, mostly handwritten settlements from different areas of Anatolia, the oldest script being traced back to the 6th Imam Cafer Sadik (Imam Cafer Buyrugu).
There are several buyruk in circulation, the authenticity of which is beyond doubt due to the fact that they are largely identical. Since there is no canonical unit and no central authority in Alevism, the existence of further sources is very likely.
Basically it can be assumed that the Imam Cafer Buyrugu with his remarks on the creation of the world, the divine light in Ali and the rules of religious initiation, was the basis of all further catechisms.
Web links
literature
- Buyruk - The Law of the Right Path / Levent Mete. - Bodenheim: Verlag Levent Mete, 2018
- Buyruk / Sefer Aytekin. - Ankara: Emek, 1958
- Alevîlik-bektaşîlik yazıları: alevîliğin yazıh kaynakları; Buyruk, Tezkire-i Şeyh Safi / Sönmez Kutlu. - Ankara: Ankara Okulu Yayınları, 2006