Chālid ibn Saʿīd

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Chālid ibn Saʿīd ( Arabic خالد بن سعيد, DMG Ḫālid ibn Saʿīd ; † 635 ) was one of the earliest followers of the Prophet Muhammad , who played an important role, especially during the succession disputes after Muhammad's death. In Ibn Hisham's adaptation of Ibn Ishaq's biography of the prophet, he is ranked 36th among the early Muslims, others consider him one of the first six Muslims.

Life

Chālid was the son of Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ, one of the most respected and wealthy representatives of the Umayyad clan in pre-Islamic Mecca. After he joined Mohammed, he gave him several slaves that he had inherited from his father. Around 615 he emigrated to Ethiopia with other followers of Muhammad. When in the year 627 Mohammed wooed from Medina for the widowed Umm Ḥabība, the daughter of Abū Sufyān ibn Harb , who was also in Ethiopia, Chālid, who was her closest relative, acted as her bridal guardian and married her to Mohammed. The marriage was consummated only after Umm Ḥabība's return from exile in Ethiopia. The group of returnees, to which Chālid also belonged, arrived in Medina in June 628, while Mohammed and his companions were on the campaign to Khaibar .

In 631 Mohammed sent Chālid to Yemen to collect the sadaqa there . He returned to Medina a month after the Prophet's death in July 632. At this point many of the Prophet's companions had already taken the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr . As a member of the Umayyads , and thus of the Quraishite nobility of the descendants of Abd Manaf , Chālid was extremely critical of the rule of Abū Bakr, who belonged to the less respected clan of the Taim. It is said that he severely reprimanded ʿAlī ibn Abī Tālib and Uthman ibn Affan for not preventing Abū Bakr from taking over power. Chālid refused to take the oath of allegiance to Abū Bakr for several months. It was only after Abū Bakr had visited him in his home with the aim of reconciliation that he was ready to take this step.

Later, an unsuccessful military operation in the north of the Arabian Peninsula, in which Chālid abandoned his troops, led to Abū Bakr's banishment from Medina. It was only after Umar ibn al-Khattab became caliph that he was pardoned. He died in another military operation in Syria in 635.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See az-Ziriklī : al-Aʿlām sv "Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ".
  2. ↑ See L. Caetani: Annali dell 'Islam Vol. I, p. 274. http://archive.org/stream/annalidellislam01caet#page/274/mode/2up
  3. ↑ Cf. Caetani 736 http://archive.org/stream/annalidellislam01caet#page/736/mode/2up
  4. ↑ Cf. Caetani Annali dell'Islam Vol. II, p. 52. http://archive.org/stream/annalidellislam21caet#page/52/mode/2up
  5. ↑ Cf. al-Ǧāḥiẓ: al-ʿUṯmānīya . Ed. AM Hārūn. Cairo 1955. pp. 167, 190.
personal data
SURNAME Chālid ibn Saʿīd
ALTERNATIVE NAMES خالد بن سعيد (Arabic)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Follower of the Prophet Mohammed
DATE OF BIRTH 6th century or 7th century
DATE OF DEATH 635