D-4D
D-4D ( English D irect Injection 4 -stroke D iesel ; translated: Direct Injection four-stroke diesel engine ) is the marketing name of Toyota a turbo diesel - direct injection system with common rail technology.
It was developed by Toyota and Denso . Like all other modern diesel engines, this type is also operated with the help of ignition maps with an engine control system. The Toyota Computer Control System (TCCS) is used for this. Development of the D-4D began in 1995, and the first cars with the system were launched in 1997. Since diesel engines for passenger cars are rarely in demand in Asia and the USA , the D-4D system was specially developed for the European market. However, the Toyota Group's main sales markets are in the USA and Asia.
The D-4D is used in Toyota diesel engines , with the exception of Toyota diesel engines that work with D-CAT . The D-CAT system is a further development of the D-4D system, it is based on the D-4D system. The D-4D works with an injection pressure of 1,350 to 1,600 bar and is thus below the D-CAT system with 2,000 bar. (Status: 2009)