Distinction (logic)
The distinction (Latin distinctio , differentiation ) is used in the late scholastic way of thinking by the Scottish theologian Johannes Duns Scotus (1266–1308) to distinguish essential features in the formation of concepts . From this emerges the clearly delimited, distinctive knowledge that conceptually grasps the object in all its moments.
Younger philosophers like René Descartes (1596–1650) name clarity and clarity as criteria for knowledge and truth . The clarity is the unambiguous recognition together with the unmistakability of an idea or a concept. The clarity is the exact and comprehensible naming of something, it is determined by the clear and complete knowledge of its characteristics. So much for the logic of rationalism and Immanuel Kant .
After that of George Spencer-Brown developed in 1969 Laws of Form (dt. Laws of Form ) is the distinction, the great-operation of the calculus , whether as a distinction mark or distinction . Knowledge is gained through experience from the results of practical action.
Building on this, the sociologist Rodrigo Jokisch differentiates between two forms of difference in his Logic of Distinctions (1996): the asymmetrical (dichotomous, either- or-) distinction, which corresponds to that of Spencer-Brown, and the symmetrical (bivalent, both-as- also).
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Individual evidence
- ↑ René Descartes: Treatise on the method of the correct use of reason and the scientific research into truth (Discours sur la méthode pour bien conduire sa raison et chercher la vérité dans les sciences), 1637, translation by Kuno Fischer, 1863.
- ↑ George Spencer-Brown: Laws of Form. Allen & Unwin, London 1969 (first edition).
- ↑ Rodrigo Jokisch: Logic of the distinctions. On the protologics of a theory of society (1993), Westdeutscher Verlag: Opladen ²1996.