One hundred peaceful and wrathful deities

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One hundred peaceful and wrathful deities ( Wyl. Zhi khro rigs brgya ) are forty-two peaceful deities and fifty-eight wrathful deities . These deities are used in various practices and teaching cycles of Tibetan Buddhism such as B. in the font Bardo Tödrol Chenmo (Wyl. Bar do thos grol chen mo) , which means "The great liberation through hearing in the Bardos" or "Liberation through hearing in the intermediate state " and known as "The Tibetan Book of Dying" is mentioned as well as in the Guhyagarbha Tantra .

The forty-two peaceful deities

The forty-two peaceful deities are:

1 Samantabhadra

Samantabhadra (Wyl.kun tu bzang po )

2 Samantabadri

Samantabhadri (Wyl. Kun tu bzang mo )

3-7 The five male Buddhas of the five Buddha families

The five male Buddhas of the five Buddha families (Skt.jinakula; Wyl.rgyal ba rigs lnga) - the five peaceful Buddhas of the Sambhogakaya are:

  1. Vairochana (Buddha family)
  2. Akshobhya (Vajra family)
  3. Ratnasambhava (Ratna family)
  4. Amitabha (Padma family)
  5. Amoghasiddhi (Karma family)

8-12 The five female Buddhas of the five Buddha families

The five female Buddhas of the five Buddha families, also known as The Five Mothers (Wyl.yum lnga) are:

  1. Dhatvishvari (Skt .; Tib. Ying Chukma) also known as Vajra Datvishvari or White Tara , the consort of Vairochana , who represents the purity of the element of space.
  2. Buddhalochana (Skt .; Tib. Sangyé chenma) the consort of Akshobhya , who represents the purity of the element earth
  3. Mamaki (Skt .; Tib. Mamaki) the consort of Ratnasambhava , who represents the purity of the element water
  4. Pandaravasini (Skt .; Tib. Gökarmo) the consort of Amitabha , who represents the purity of the element fire
  5. Samayatara (Skt .; Tib. Damtsik Drolma) also known as Green Tara , the consort of Amoghasiddhi , who represents the purity of the element of wind

13-20 The eight male bodhisattvas

Eight great bodhisattvas or 'eight near sons' (Skt.aṣṭa utaputra; Wyl.nye ba'i sras brgyad) - the main bodhisattvas in the retinue of Buddha Shakyamuni are:

  1. Mañjushri
  2. Avalokiteshvara
  3. Vajrapani
  4. Maitreya
  5. Kshitigarbha
  6. Akashagarbha
  7. Sarvanivaranavishkambhin and
  8. Samantabhadra

21-28 The eight female bodhisattvas

The eight female bodhisattvas (Wyl. Byang chub sems ma brgyad). They are the companions of the eight great bodhisattvas:

  1. Deity of Beauty (Skt. Lāsyā; Tib. Gekpama; Wyl. Sgeg pa ma) consort of Kshitigarbha
  2. Deity of garlands (Skt. Mālyā; Tib. Trengwama; Wyl. Phreng ba ma) consort of Akashagarbha
  3. Deity of music (Skt. Gītā; Tib. Luma; Wyl. Glu ma) consort of Vajrapani
  4. Deity of dance (Skt. Nirtī; Tib. Garma; Wyl. Gar ma) consort of Avalokiteshvara
  5. Deity of flowers (Skt. Pūṣpā; Tib. Metokma Wyl. Me tog ma) consort of Sarvanivaranavishkambhin
  6. Deity of incense (Skt. Dhupā; Tib. Dukpöma; Wyl. Bdu spos ma) consort of Maitreya
  7. Deity of light (Skt.Alokā; Tib.Marmema or Nangselma; Wyl.mar me ma) consort of Samantabhadra
  8. Deity of fragrances (Skt. Gandhā; Tib. Drichabma; Wyl. Dri chab ma) consort of Mañjushri

Symbolically, they represent the pure state of the sense objects.

29-34 The six Munis

The six Munis (Skt .; Tib. Tubpa Druk; Wyl. Thub pa drug) are Nirmanakaya Buddhas for every class of beings. These are:

  1. Indra Kaushika (Skt .; Tib. Wangpo Gyajin; Wyl. Dbang po brgya byin) for the realm of the gods
  2. Vemachitra (Skt. Vemacitra; Tib. Taksangri; Wyl. Thags bzang ris) for the realm of the demigods or asuras
  3. Shakyamuni (Wyl. Sh'akya thub pa) for the realm of human existence
  4. Shravasingha or Dhruvasiṃha (Skt .; Tib. Sengé Rabten; Wyl. Seng ge rab brtan) for the realm of animals
  5. Jvālamukhadeva (Skt .; Tib. Khabar Dewa; Wyl. Kha 'bar de ba) for the realm of the hunger spirits
  6. Dharmarāja (Skt .; Tib. Chökyi Gyalpo; Wyl. Chos kyi rgyal po) for the realm of the hells

35-38 The four male guards

The four male guardians (Wyl.sgo ba yab bzhi) are:

  1. Achala , watch at the eastern gate (or Vijaya , or Mahabala ?)
  2. Yamantaka , watch over the southern gate
  3. Hayagriva , watch over the western gate
  4. Amritakundali , watch over the northern gate

39-42 The four female guards

The four female guardians (Wyl. Sgo ma bzhi) are:

  1. Ankusha (Skt.Aṅkuśā; Wyl.lcags kyu ma or rta gdong ma) also called 'horse face' or 'iron hook', watches over the eastern gate in association with Vijaya (or Achala ?)
  2. Pasha (Skt. Pāśā; Wyl. Zhags pa ma or phag gdong ma) also called 'Snow Face' or 'The Loop', watches over the southern gate in association with Yamantaka
  3. Shrinkhala (Skt. Śriṅkhalā; Wyl. Lcags sgrog ma or seng gdong ma) also called 'lion face' or 'iron chain', watches over the secular gate in union with Hayagriva
  4. Ghanta (Skt. Ghaṇtā; Wyl. Dril bu ma or spyang gdong ma) also called 'Wolf Face' or 'The Bell', watches over the northern gate in association with Amritakundali

These deities are also described as 'The Deities of the Three Seats'.

The fifty-eight wrathful deities

The fifty-eight wrathful deities are:

1-10 the five wrathful Herukas and their companions

The five wrathful Herukas and their five companions - the wrathful aspects of the Buddhas of the five Buddha families - are:

  • Buddhaheruka and his companion Buddhakrodhishvari;
  • Vajraheruka and his consort Vajrarodhishvari;
  • Ratnaheruka and his consort Ratnarodhishvari;
  • Padmaheruka and his companion Padmakrodhishvari and
  • Karmaheruka and his consort Karmakrodhishvari.

11-18 The eight wrathful women

The eight wrathful female or eight gaurima (Skt.gaurī; Tib.gaurima; Wyl.gau ri ma brgyad) are:

  1. Gauri (Skt.Gaurī; Wyl.ko'u ri)
  2. Pukkasi (Skt.Pukkasī; Wyl.pus ka si)
  3. Chaurimatrika (Skt. Caurī; Wyl. Tso'u ri)
  4. Ghasmari (Skt.Ghasmarī; Wyl.kas ma ri)
  5. Pramoha (Skt. Pramohā; Wyl. Pra mo)
  6. Chandali (Skt. Caṇḍālī; Wyl. Tsan dha li)
  7. Vetali (Skt.Vetālī; Wyl. Be'e ta li)
  8. Shmashani (Skt. Śmaśānī; Wyl. Sme sha ni)

19-26 The eight trams

The eight tramen (Wyl. Phra men brgyad; Skt. Piśacī), or eight singhama (Wyl. Sim ha brgyad) are animal-headed deities (tramen means ' hybrid '). These are:

  1. Simhamukha (Skt.Siṃhamukhā)
  2. Vyaghrimukha (Skt.Vyāghramukhā)
  3. Srigalamukha (Skt. Śṛgālamukhā)
  4. Shvanamukha (Skt. Śvanmukhā)
  5. Gridhamukha (Skt.Gṛdhramukhā)
  6. Kangkamukha (Skt. Kaṅkamukhā; Wyl. Kang ka mu kha)
  7. Kakamukha (Skt.Kākamukhā)
  8. Ulumukha (Skt.Ulūkamukhā)

27-30 The four female guards

The four female guardians (Wyl. Sgo ma bzhi) are:

  1. Ankusha (Skt.Aṅkuśā; Wyl.lcags kyu ma or rta gdong ma) also called 'horse face' or 'iron hook', watches over the eastern gate in association with Vijaya (or Achala ?)
  2. Pasha (Skt. Pāśā; Wyl. Zhags pa ma or phag gdong ma) also called 'sucking face' or 'the noose', watches over the southern gate in association with Yamantaka
  3. Shrinkhala (Skt. Śriṅkhalā; Wyl. Lcags sgrog ma or seng gdong ma) also called 'lion face' or 'iron chain', watches over the western gate in association with Hayagriva
  4. Ghanta (Skt. Ghaṇtā; Wyl. Dril bu ma or spyang gdong ma) also called 'Wolf Face' or 'The Bell', watches over the northern gate in association with Amritakundali

31-58 The twenty-eight Ishvaris

The twenty-eight Ishvaris (Skt.īśvarī; Tib.wangchukma nyer gyé; Wyl. Dbang phyug ma nyer brgyad) consist of four groups of six yoginis who correspond to the four enlightened activities and the four female outer guardians:

1. The six yoginis who correspond to the activity of pacification:

  • Rakshasi (white)
  • Brahmi
  • Mahadevi
  • Lobha
  • Kumari
  • Indrani

2. The six yoginis who correspond to the activity of multiplication:

  • Vajra
  • Shanti
  • Amrita
  • Chandra
  • Danda
  • Rakshasi (dark yellow)

3. The six yogis who correspond to the activity of attracting:

  • Bhakshini
  • Rati
  • Mahabala
  • Rakshasi (pale red)
  • Kama
  • Vasuraksha

4. The six yoginis who correspond to the activity of submission:

  • Vayudevi
  • Nari
  • Varahi
  • Nanda
  • Mahahastini
  • Varunadevi

5. The fifth group consists of four female outer guards.

59-60 Chemchok Heruka and his companion

The fifty-eight wrathful deities become sixty when one adds Chemchok Heruka (Wyl. Che mchog heruka ) and his consort Krodhishvari , who are the wrathful aspects of Samantabhadra and Samantabhadri .

See also

literature

  • WY Evans-Wentz, Tibetan Book of the Dead (London: Oxford University Press, first edition 1927)
  • Francesca Fremantle and Chögyam Trungpa , Tibetan Book of the Dead (Boston: Shambhala, first edition 1975)
  • Gyurme Dorje, edited by Graham Coleman with Thubten Jinpa, The Tibetan Book of the Dead (Penguin: 1993)
  • Robert Thurman , The Tibetan Book of the Dead (Bantam Books, Inc .: 1994)
  • The first complete translation, by Gyurme Dorje and edited by Graham Coleman with Thubten Jinpa, The Tibetan Book of the Dead (Penguin: 2006)
  • Sogyal Rinpoche , The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying (HarpersSanFrancisco: 1992).