Enrichment (education)
With Enrichment ( German enrichment, enrichment, adornment ) refers to an educational model to promote talented, interested and committed students.
Enrichment is often used to nurture gifted students. In contrast to acceleration , the "accelerated learning", the attempt is not made to shorten the length of time gifted students spend in school, but additional offers are made for lessons. The student remains in the class or grade, but has the opportunity to take advantage of additional offers.
A distinction is made between vertical enrichment and horizontal enrichment. In the case of vertical enrichment, students are offered in-depth courses on the content of the lesson. In the case of horizontal enrichment, the offers are not in-depths on the subject matter, but deal with topics that are not included in the curriculum. However, enrichment is not only intended to expand technical knowledge. Rather, the offers are intended to encourage the children to develop new learning methods and ways of thinking. Enrichment should be based on the needs and interests of the students.
implementation
Enrichment can be implemented in a variety of ways. The methods are divided into internal and external differentiation.
With internal differentiation, the child remains in the class. The tasks that are given to an individual child are adapted to the child's talents, so that each child is optimally promoted according to their talents.
In the case of external differentiation, offers are made to the children outside of the class. These offers are made in addition to the lessons. Gifted children work together with other gifted children within these offers, which benefits their social skills. The range of offers for the students is very wide and includes, among other things
- Working groups,
- Resource room / learning workshop ,
- School competitions,
- additional advanced courses and
- dividing students into skill groups based on their academic performance.
Enrichment and acceleration are often viewed as orthogonal, but the models can complement each other. The acceleration gives students more space in their schedule. During this time, they can take part in enrichment offers based on their personal interests. There are different implementations of enrichment and acceleration in one program. For example, in special schools or classes, both approaches are offered in combination as so-called express train classes, or students of different ages are brought together in one class.
criticism
Enrichment in school is not without controversy, as the programs are often not geared towards the students and their interests, but are limited to pure employment measures.
literature
- Federal Ministry for Education and Research (Ed.): Finding and promoting talented children - a guide for parents and schools . Bonn / Berlin 2010, What the school can do for gifted pupils (information brochure of the BMBF).
Individual evidence
- ^ Ministry of Education and Culture of Schleswig-Holstein: The Schleswig-Holstein Enrichment Program. Retrieved April 30, 2012 .
- ^ Ministry of Education and Culture of the State of Schleswig-Holstein: Information. Accessed April 30, 2012 (information on enrichment and the Schleswig-Holstein program).
- ↑ Federal Ministry for Education and Research (Ed.): Finding and promoting gifted children - a guide for parents and schools . 2010, p. 60 ff .
- ↑ a b c d Esther Grindel: Learning processes of gifted children in the free work of Montessori pedagogy: an empirical analysis on the basis of individual case studies in Montessori primary schools (= impulses of reform pedagogy . Volume 17 ). Lit Verlag, Münster 2005, ISBN 978-3-8258-0727-6 , Acceleration and Enrichment, p. 73-76 .
- ↑ Federal Ministry for Education and Research (Ed.): Finding and promoting gifted children - a guide for parents and schools . 2010, p. 67 f .
- ↑ a b Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Ed.): Finding and promoting gifted children - a guide for parents and schools . 2010, p. 68 f .