Development test six months to six years (ET 6-6)

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The development test six months to six years (ET 6-6) is a development test that can be used from infancy to preschool age. A differentiated development profile can be created for each child, which reflects the exact stage of development. The procedure captures normal development. In addition, development deficits are mapped at an early stage and the individual strengths of a child are worked out so that they can be used for advice and support. A revised version of the procedure as a development test for children from six months to six years - revision (ET 6-6-R) has been available since April 2013 . Its authors are Franz Petermann and Thorsten Macha.

Basic principle of the procedure

The ET 6-6 takes into account the child psychological , pediatric and developmental neurological perspective. As a development test that covers such a wide development range, the ET 6-6 does not focus on the quantitative increase in skills, but rather describes the qualitative changes. An example: Screaming is to be understood in the seventh month of life as an early form of expression for establishing contact with others. In three-year-olds, screaming can be interpreted more as an expression of a lack of emotional control. For five-year-olds, screaming is a powerful tool for blackmailing others. Such qualitative aspects can be represented in the present inventory by a good differentiation according to age ranges.

Structure of the test

As part of the "ET 6-6", six development areas are examined depending on the age group:

  • 1. Body motor skills: (= gross motor skills); Acquiring head control, taking an upright trunk posture, walking freely and acquiring skills for typical everyday and gaming situations.
  • 2. Hand motor skills: (= fine motor skills); Targeted gripping and letting go, manipulation and use of objects and correct holding of the pen before starting school.
  • 3. Cognitive development: Various aspects of short-term memory, strategies for action (perception control, object concept, understanding of causality, spatial perspective adoption, action planning), categorization (category formation, differentiation and specification within and between categories, consideration of several categorical aspects, class inclusion) and body awareness (aspects of ideas about Knowledge of and orientation to one's own and other people's bodies).
  • 4. Language development: Aspects of sound, word and sentence production; Word and sentence comprehension.
  • 5. Social development: play and interaction behavior (interaction with adults and with peers, behavior in groups and social independence).
  • 6. Emotional development: development of first emotions, development of caution, development of specific attachment behavior, development of the self, development of secondary emotions, differentiation of cognitive-emotional competencies (e.g. understanding of rules)
  • Tracing (supplement): hand motor skills, aspects of perception, indications of specific neurological / fine neurological impairments.

Changes from ET 6-6 to ET 6-6-R

The basic principle of the procedure was also retained in the revision. The age range has widened slightly and now also includes children up to an age of 75 months. The number of tasks has been increased from 180 tasks for ET 6-6 for the entire age range (13 age groups) to 245 tasks. An important change is the restructuring of the development areas. Here the scales of the ET 6-6 (5) social development and (6) emotional development in the ET 6-6-R were combined into a social-emotional development scale. This scale is recorded using a parent questionnaire. The other development areas are measured using direct testing. The trace sub-test for the age range from three and a half to six years was retained.

The revision of the development test for children works more strongly than the previous version with the boundary stones of the development, which are indicated accordingly on the protocol sheets. This recourse to essential milestones in child development enables the ET 6-6-R to be carried out "both as a developmental screening in a shortened version and as a differentiated development test in the long version".

The evaluation of the ET 6-6-R now works via so-called scale-specific development quotients (EQ), which are calculated from the raw values. These EQs are transferred to a development profile that uses colored scaling to indicate whether the measured value is in an inconspicuous, critical or noticeable area. In contrast to the ET 6-6, the ET 6-6-R can be evaluated using an evaluation program.

The validity and reliability of the ET 6-6-R are "to be classified as poorly satisfactory".

literature

  • F. Petermann, T. Macha: Psychological tests for paediatricians. Hogrefe, Göttingen 2005.
  • T. Macha, F. Petermann: Psychological tests in pediatrics. In: Monthly Pediatrics. 154, 2006, pp. 298-304.
  • T. Macha, F. Petermann: Development diagnostics. In: F. Petermann, M. Eid (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Psychologische Diagnostik. Hogrefe, Göttingen 2006, pp. 594–602.
  • F. Petermann, IA Stein, T. Macha: ET 6-6. Development test 6 months to 6 years. 3rd, modified edition. Pearson, Frankfurt 2006.
  • T. Macha, F. Petermann: The ET 6-6: A Method for Developmental Assessment in German-Speaking Countries. In: Journal of Psychology. 3, 2008, pp. 154-160.
  • F. Petermann, T. Macha: Developmental Diagnostics. In: F. Petermann, W. Schneider (Ed.): Applied developmental psychology. (= Encyclopedia of Psychology. Volume 7). Hogrefe, Göttingen 2008, pp. 19–59.
  • F. Petermann, T. Macha: Developmental Assessment. In: Journal of Psychology. 3, 2008, pp. 127-134.
  • Thorsten Macha, Franz Petermann: Development test for children aged 6 months to 6 years - revision (ET 6-6-R). Pearson Assessment, Frankfurt am Main 2013.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information about the revised version of the ET 6-6-R from an interview with Thorsten Macha
  2. ↑ Thorsten Macha, Franz Petermann: Development test for children aged 6 months to 6 years - revision (ET 6-6-R). Pearson Assessment, Frankfurt am Main 2013.
  3. ^ Hasselhorn, M. & Margraf-Stiksrud, J. (2015). TBS-TK review: "" Development test for children from six months to six years - revision (ET 6-6-R) ". Report Psychologie 2015, 163–164

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