Evangelical School of Smyrna

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Ευαγγελική Σχολή Σμύρνης
Evangelical School of Smyrna
School building, early 20th century
type of school Secondary school for men
founding 1733
closure destroyed in 1922
place Izmir , then Smyrna
Country Ottoman Empire
carrier Church, later private

The Evangelical School ( Greek Ευαγγελική Σχολή Σμύρνης Evangeliki Scholi Smyrnis ) was a Greek Orthodox educational institution founded in 1733 in Izmir , originally Smyrna, in the Ottoman Empire .

The school attracted numerous figures of the modern Greek Enlightenment . During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it became the city's main Greek school, including an archaeological museum, science collection, and library that contained over 50,000 volumes and 180 manuscripts. The Evangelical School was destroyed during the Great Fire of Izmir in the Greco-Turkish War .

Early Years and the Greek Enlightenment

The school originated as a church institution and was established through the efforts of the local Greek Orthodox bishop. It was originally known as the Greek School ( Ελληνικό Φροντιστήριο ), its name changed several times during the 18th century. Until the Greek Revolution (1821–1830), the school was supported by donors who either donated directly to the school or paid for the education for students.

In 1747, at the instigation of the local trader Pantoleon Sevastopoulos, the school came under the protection of the city's British consulate. Sevastopoulos managed - to forestall a possible Ottoman confiscation of the school - to obtain the full protection of Great Britain , which was recognized by the Ottoman sultans.

The Evangelical School was originally based on a traditional, religiously oriented educational model. However, there were two progressive phases, possibly out of rivalry with the Philological Gymnasium, another Greek school in the city, until the latter was forcibly closed in 1819 due to conservative reactions. In the years that followed, a number of progressive school principals were appointed. Theophilos Kaïris became director in 1811, followed in 1820 by Benjamin of Lesbos , a personality of the modern Greek Enlightenment and one of the most outstanding representatives of the group of reform mathematics teachers from the eastern Aegean region . Kairis taught mathematics and physics himself, but left school because of differences with the school authorities.

Later period (1830-1922)

Over the years the school adopted increasingly progressive and rationalistic methods of education and taught modern mathematics and science in a 'western' way, which drew the attention of conservative circles in the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Istanbul.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Izmir was an important trading and educational center. The city was home to 67 well-equipped Greek schools as well as four girls' schools. The Evangelical School was the most important Greek educational institution in the city at that time. It included an archaeological museum, a natural science collection and a library, which before its destruction in 1922 had over 50,000 volumes and 180 manuscripts.

The school buildings were destroyed in the 1922 Great Fire of Izmir .

Well-known graduates

literature

  • Gerasimos Augustinos: The Greeks of Asia Minor: confession, community, and ethnicity in the nineteenth century . Kent State University Press, 1992, ISBN 978-0-87338-459-9 ( online ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A Short History of Modern Greece . Taylor & Francis, S. 36 ( online in Google Book Search).
  2. ^ Richard Clogg: Balkan society in the age of Greek independence . Macmillan Press, 1981, ISBN 978-0-333-31580-4 , pp. 64 ( online in Google Book Search).
  3. ↑ a b Maria GEORGIADOU: Constantin Carathéodory: mathematics and politics in turbulent times . Springer, 2004, ISBN 978-3-540-20352-0 , pp. 145 ( online in Google Book Search).
  4. ↑ Augustinos (1992): p. 159
  5. ↑ Augustinos (1992): p. 160
  6. ↑ Augustinos (1992): p. 159
  7. ↑ Kastanis Iason, Kastanis Nikos: The Transmission of Mathematics into Greek Education, 1800–1840: From Individuals to Institutionalization. (PDF) In: University of Thessaloniki . P. 8 , accessed on September 20, 2010 .
  8. ^ E. Theodossiou, Th. Grammenos, VN Manimanis: Theophilos Kairis: the creator and initiator of Theosebism in Greece . (PDF, HTML) In: The European Legacy . 9, No. 9, December 2004, pp. 783-797. doi : 10.1080 / 1084877042000311626 . Retrieved September 20, 2010.
  9. ^ Eleanor Robson , Jacqueline A. Stedall: The Oxford handbook of the history of mathematics . Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 978-0-19-921312-2 , pp. 185 ( online in Google Book Search).