Flight and Navigation Procedures Trainer
The Flight and Navigation Procedures Trainer (FNPT) is a class of synthetic flight training devices - Synthetic Training Devices (STD) - which are used in Europe for the training of pilots .
Regulatory
While flight simulators are generally used casually in flight training devices, the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA) in Europe refer to these as so-called Synthetic Training Devices (STD) , which in turn are divided into 4 different classes:
- Flight Simulator (FS)
- Flight Training Device (FTD)
- Flight and Navigation Procedures Trainer (FNPT)
- Other Training Device (OTD)
The JAA publishes uniform European regulations in the Joint Aviation Requirements (JARs), the regulations for synthetic training devices can be found in the JAR-STD . The class of the FNPT has been regulated in JAR-STD 3A (for airplanes) and JAR-STD 3B (for helicopters) since 1999.
The structure and scope of an FNPT-I represents the typical equipment of a class of single or multi-engine aircraft (e.g. "MEP" - multi engine piston, multi-engine propeller aircraft). It can, but does not have to, correspond to a specific aircraft type, and a vision system ( visualator ) and movement system ( motion ) are also not required. The flight characteristics and behavior of the systems must largely correspond to those of a real aircraft. As a rule, FNPT-I are used in basic training in instrument flight .
The FNPT-II is also a fixed (without a movement system) flight training device. In addition to the requirements of the FNPT-I, the FNPT-II must have a vision system and represent a class or type of multi-engine aircraft. The flight characteristics, background noise and (error) behavior of the systems must correspond to those of a real aircraft, the installation must allow practicing system failures and dealing with emergency procedures in a realistic manner. In addition to basic instrument flight training, FNPT-II can also be used to obtain a class rating.
While many airlines with their own ab initio training carry out training on procedures for aircraft with multiple pilots ( Multi-Crew Co-operation Course , MCC) on real flight simulators (FS), there is theoretically the possibility of MCC training on FNPT-II MCC to complete.
In order for an FNPT-II to gain approval for MCC training, additional requirements are required in addition to the aforementioned. For example, an aircraft with a jet engine or turboprop must be simulated and a. Systems for pressurized cabin control , de-icing and autopilot are available.
Web links
- JAR-STD 3A Section 1 (PDF file; 600 kB)
- http://www.jaa.nl Overview and download option (Section 1 only) of the JARs
- http://www.ihs.com Official document provider (fee required) for aviation publications (e.g. ICAO docs and annexes, JARs, FARs, etc.)
Individual evidence
- ↑ JAR-STD 3A ( English ) Joint Aviation Authorities Training Organization. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved on April 8, 2019.
- ↑ JAR-STD 3B ( English ) Joint Aviation Authorities Training Organization. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved on April 8, 2019.