Glass arm ring
Glass arm rings are common in many parts of the world and are very popular in India, among others . Today they are often replaced by cheaper plastic rings.
La Tène
In addition to glass finger rings and ring pearls, glass arm rings were known as women's jewelry in the Middle La Tène period in Central Europe and were found as grave goods . After around 150 years, the number of these rings decreases and disappears completely at the end of the Late Latène Period.
The colored glass arm rings are always seamless.
The shape and decoration of the rings can be divided into three categories:
- Rings with a D-shaped or triangular profile,
- Rings with a plastic profile such as ribs, knobs and loops
Both forms are available with or without decorative threads of different colors
- Rings with a yellow foil base, made of colorless glass with a plastic profile and a yellow opaque glass paste as the innermost, partially lost layer.
The production of the complicated ring profiles and their decorations could not be conclusively explained for a long time. The older explanatory models are based on historical and ethnographic comparisons. After Otto Kunkel was adjusted glass bracelets in spin spit method ago. Other archaeologists suggested swinging as a method. None of the suggestions produced the characteristics found in the experiment. In 2007 a Swiss experimental archaeologist , Simone Wick, succeeded in producing glass arm rings with identical traces of the Celtic originals, such as the elongated air pockets. The method she uses is called " glass pottery ". The rings were shaped, profiled and decorated with impressions on a specially prepared potter's wheel. However, in no case could all the characteristic features be reproduced on a ring. In addition, the use of modern equipment and modern glass mass must be questioned critically.
literature
- Thea Elisabeth Haevernick : The glass arm rings and ring pearls of the Middle and Late Latène Period on the European mainland. With a contribution by Paula Hahn-Weinheimer . Habelt, Bonn 1960 (at the same time: Marburg / Lahn, Philipps University, phil. Dissertation, 1939).
- Rupert Gebhard: The glass jewelry from the oppidum of Manching (= The excavations in Manching. Vol. 11). Steiner-Verlag, Stuttgart et al. 1988, ISBN 3-515-05089-2 (also: Munich, University, dissertation, 1985/86).
- Maciej Karwowski: Lanténe period glass ring jewelery from Eastern Austria (= communications from the Prehistoric Commission of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Vol. 55). Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-7001-3285-9 (at the same time: Vienna, University, dissertation, 2002).
- Heiko Wagner: Glass jewelry of the Middle and Late Latène Period on the Upper Rhine and the adjacent areas (= excavations and research. Vol. 1). Greiner, Remshalden 2006, ISBN 3-935383-02-9 (also: Freiburg (Breisgau), University, dissertation, 1998).
- Simone Wick: A riddle in the history of glass. Celtic glass arm rings . Archeology of Switzerland 31/1, 2008, 30–33.
