Hanoverian supply chain model

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The Hanoverian supply chain model ( HaLiMo ) is a reference model from the Institute for Factory Systems and Logistics (IFA), which compactly depicts the interrelationships between the tasks of production planning and control and the logistical target values in the core processes of an internal company supply chain . The developers have taken up preliminary work for the model, such as the Aachen PPS model and the model of production control according to Lödding.

background

The implementation of a supply chain management geared towards logistics costs and performance is becoming more and more important against the background of strongly networked inter-company supply chains. Designing the company's internal supply chain based on logistical targets is crucial for the company's success. The supply chain from a company to the customer consists of the core processes of procurement, production (manufacturing and assembly) and distribution. These core processes are influenced by overarching planning and control processes by specifying control parameters. The design of the planning and control processes is accompanied by numerous challenges, such as complexity, lack of transparency, dynamism as well as area and key figure optimization.

As simplified representations of reality, models are suitable due to their reducing function (renunciation of unimportant properties of reality) and their idealizing function (simplification of indispensable properties) for overcoming the challenges mentioned. The Hanoverian supply chain model is both a reference model for science and a reference work for the design and implementation of production planning and control (PPS) and is therefore also of interest to companies.

Production Planning and Control

Production planning and control (PPS) plays a central role in manufacturing companies. The task of the PPS is to plan and control the order flow through the company's internal supply chain. However, companies face numerous challenges in terms of transparency, complexity and coordination when implementing PPS in a targeted manner. The PPS is a complex task that is subject to various logistical and economic corporate goals under dynamic conditions and has to manage disruptions in the production process.

Logistic target values ​​in the core process of production

Another important function is production controlling.

Logistic targets

The overriding goal of production logistics is logistical efficiency. Companies strive for high logistics performance with low logistics costs. The logistics service is associated with short delivery times and satisfactory adherence to delivery dates. Logistics costs can be expressed in terms of production and capital commitment costs. From the company's point of view, the logistics costs are significantly influenced by the stock in circulation and the associated capacity utilization. In contrast, logistics costs in warehouse systems are measured using inventory and storage costs. The logistical performance is defined by the service level. The level of service results from the ratio of on-time requests to the warehouse to the total number of warehouse requests, whereby the warehouse requests can be measured in terms of the number of orders or the number of items. The resulting logistic key figure system can be used to derive logistic target values ​​for each core process of the internal supply chain of a company.

How the HaLiMo works

The Hanoverian supply chain model (HaLiMo)

The Hanoverian supply chain model (HaLiMo) is a framework for production planning and control as well as supply chain management . It illustrates the interactions in the company's internal supply chain between the tasks of the PPS and the logistical target values. As can be seen in the schematic diagram on the right, the HaLiMo consists of a PPS part (upper area) and a supply chain part (lower area). The PPS part brings the main tasks into a chronological and logistical sequence. The main tasks are also described by various sub-tasks. The main task of production program planning consists, for example, of the tasks of sales planning, gross and net primary requirements planning, rough resource planning and production release.

The supply chain part consists of the core processes of procurement, pre-production, interim storage, final production and shipping. In this part, the effects of the PPS tasks in the form of target, actual and planned values ​​on the logistical target values ​​are presented. The dashed arrows in the figure show the process sequences, the rest illustrate the effects on the supply chain. A complete representation of the model can be found on the website (halimo.education - see related links).

There are various interrelationships between the tasks of the PPS and the logistical control, control and target variables in the core processes of the company's internal supply chain. Control variables are determined by the individual PPS tasks and determine the entry and exit of orders and material as target, plan and actual variables. While target sizes are determined by the market (e.g. customer requirements), the planned and actual sizes correspond to the scheduled or the actual delivery or receipt of material or orders. Controlled variables can be determined by comparing two manipulated variables. The controlled variables thus represent the deviation from manipulated variables. The controlled variables in turn determine the logistical target variables, which differ depending on the core process. In the core process of final production stage, for example, the in-house production control influences the actual entry and exit of orders in production. A comparison of these two manipulated variables results in the controlled variable actual work in process (WIP, for inventory in circulation). The controlled variable actual WIP in turn determines the logistical target variables of production (adherence to deadlines, throughput time, capacity utilization, work in progress). In the core process of final production stage, for example, the in-house production control influences the actual entry and exit of orders in production. The principle will be described in more detail below.

Example of the main PPS task 'in-house production control'

Core process of final production stage and in-house production control

The task of in-house production control is to load the production orders into production on the basis of in-house production planning and to control them through production. After an availability check with regard to material and capacity, orders are released. The "Actual access to the final production stage", for example, is determined by the released production orders. In addition to checking the availability and releasing orders, sequencing and capacity control are part of in-house production control. The sequencing determines the processing sequence of jobs in the queue at workstations. The capacity control controls the capacities used in the work systems. This includes, for example, working hours and overtime of employees or a change in the intensity of operating resources. The capacity control and the formation of the sequence ultimately determine the completion of the orders in production and thus the manipulated variable “actual output of final production stage”. By comparing the described manipulated variables, controlled variables can be formed. These determine the logistical target values ​​in the core processes of the supply chain. A comparison of the manipulated variables actual entry and actual exit in the final production stage results, for example, in the control variable actual work in process (WIP, for inventory in circulation). The controlled variable actual WIP in turn determines the logistical target variables of production (see figure) [5].

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Günther Schuh, Volker Stich: Production planning and control 1 . 4th edition. Springer Vieweg, Berlin Heidelberg 2011.
  2. ↑ a b c d Hermann Lödding: Process of production control: Basics, description, configuration . 3. Edition. Springer Vieweg, Berlin Heidelberg 2016.
  3. ↑ a b HaLiMo - Integrative logistics model for linking planning and control tasks with logistical target and control variables of the company's internal supply chain - Institute for factory systems and logistics. Accessed April 30, 2020 .
  4. ↑ H. Stachowiak: General model theory . Ed .: Springer. Springer, Vienna 1973.
  5. ^ Hans-Peter Wiendahl: Business organization for engineers . Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Munich 2010.
  6. ↑ Peter Nyhuis, Hans-Peter Wiendahl: Logistic characteristics: Fundamentals, tools and applications . 3. Edition. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2012.
  7. ↑ a b M. Schmidt: Influence of logistical target values ​​in the company's internal supply chain through production planning and control and production controlling . PZH Verlag, Garbsen 2018.