Hierarchically structured data

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In statistics, it is called Hierarchical structured data , or nested data ( English nested data ) if the observations of a record can be hierarchically subordinate units to assign. Such hierarchy relationships can be multilevel.

Special procedures that take this data structure into account are necessary for the analysis of nested data. Examples are panel data analysis and multilevel analysis . Robust estimators that take this data structure into account are also used.

Examples of nested data are students in school classes, which in turn are in schools and federal states. For example, if a data set consists of students and contains information about the schools, an estimate that does not take into account the nested structure of the data would underestimate the spread of the characteristics. The estimation inaccuracy is taken into account by considering the nested structure.

See also

literature

  • MK Anand, S. Bowers, T. McPhillips, B. Ludäscher: Efficient provenance storage over nested data collections. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Extending Database Technology: Advances in Database Technology. ACM, New York, March 2009, pp. 958-969.
  • A. Kawaguchi, D. Lieuwen, I. Mumick, K. Ross: Implementing incremental view maintenance in nested data models. In: Database Programming Languages. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg, August 1997, pp. 202-221.
  • KF Widaman: Hierarchically nested covariance structure models for multitrait-multimethod data. In: Applied Psychological Measurement. 9 (1), 1985, pp. 1-26.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ IG Kreft: Multilevel models for hierarchically nested data: Potential applications in substance abuse prevention research. In: NIDA research monograph. 142, 1994, pp. 140ff.
  2. ↑ G. Rudinger: Analysis of data from longitudinal studies: An introduction. In: Research and Advice-the Center for Evaluation and Methods. 3, 2009, p. 285.
  3. ↑ GA Tasca, V. Illing, AS Joyce, JS Ogrodniczuk: Three-level multilevel growth models for nested change data: A guide for group treatment researchers. In: Psychotherapy Research. 19 (4-5), 2009, pp. 453-461.
  4. ↑ C. Gräsel: I What is empirical educational research? In: Empirical Educational Research. Springer Fachmedien, Wiesbaden 2015, pp. 15–30.