International polar year
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The International Polar Year (short IPY for English International Polar Year ) is an international program for the study of polar regions , coordinated by the International Council for Science (International Council for Science, ICSU) national promotion.
- Carl Weyprecht , an Austro-Hungarian naval officer, initiated the 1st polar year (1882–1883), but did not live to see its beginning.
- 50 years later (1932–1933) the 2nd polar year took place.
- The International Geophysical Year was inspired by the IPY and took place with the 3rd Polar Year (1957–1958).
- The 4th polar year began in March 2007 and lasted until March 2008.
The course over the turn of the year is related to the fact that the Arctic polar regions can only be reached by ship in summer.
literature
- José L. Lozán, Hartmut Graßl, Hans-W. Hubberten, Peter Hupfer, Ludwig Karbe , Dieter Piepenburg (eds.): Warning signals from the polar regions, scientific facts . Scientific evaluations. Hamburg 2006, ISBN 3-9809668-1-X .
- Susan Barr, Cornelia Lüdecke (Eds.): The History of the International Polar Years (IPYs) . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-12401-3 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-12402-0 (English)
