Imbokodvo National Movement

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The Imbokodvo National Movement (INM, German: "National Movement of the Hard Stone") was a party in Swaziland that existed from 1964 to 1973 and won all national elections during this time.

history

The INM was founded by the Swazi National Council , which acted as an advisory body to King Sobhuza II . The South African van Wyk de Vries, who was a member of the secret African Broederbond , initiated the foundation . The chairman was Prince Makhosini Dlamini, who came from the royal family. In 1963, Ambrose Zwane's pan-African Ngwane National Liberation Congress (NNLC) led a series of strikes that ran counter to the interests of the king, other traditional leaders, the British colonial administration and South African investors. On January 1, 1964, a new constitution had been introduced in the Westminster system , which weakened the position of Sobhuza II. The INM won the first election in Swaziland in 1964, while still under British colonial rule, and together with the allied United Swaziland Association (USA), which consisted exclusively of white settlers, received all 24 seats in the House of Assembly. In doing so, the INM was able to use the influence of the traditional leaders who, among other things, were responsible for the allocation of land. The NNLC did not get any seats because of majority voting. In the second election in 1967, the INM won all seats because the USA had waived their participation in favor of the INM. With independence in 1968, RP Stevens was appointed a white finance minister for this purpose. In 1972, the NNLC won three of the 24 seats for the first time, after which the king in 1973 banned all political parties in the country by decree, dissolved parliament and suspended the constitution.

Surname

Imbokodvo ( Siswati ) is the name for a hard, compact stone that is used to grind softer stones.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Richard M. Levin: Class formation, ideology and transition in Swaziland. (English, PDF), accessed on October 10, 2014
  2. ↑ Swaziland: The 1964 election ( Memento of September 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), EISA website (English)
  3. ↑ Swaziland profile: Timeline at bbc.com (English), accessed October 10, 2014
  4. ^ Elections in Swaziland 1972 ( Memento of October 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), EISA website (English)