Caliphate state
Kaliphatstaat was the name of an Islamist German organization that was proclaimed at an event in Cologne in 1994 and banned in December 2001 after an amendment to the Association Act that abolished the religious privilege. However, this caliphate was never institutionalized under international law, but only an intention for an Islamic “state within a state”.
history
The caliphate state emerged in 1994 from the "Islamic Federal State of Anatolia" ( Anadolu Federe İslam Devleti , AFİD), which existed from 1992 to 1994 as the Association of Islamic Associations and Communities (İCCB) in Germany . This had split off from the Islamist organization Millî Görüş in 1984 . The leader of the association proclaimed himself caliph, the worldwide spiritual and secular head of all Muslims. Since then, the organization has seen itself as a "caliphate state" (Hilafet Devleti) . In terms of association law, the old name was retained.
The leader was initially Cemaleddin Kaplan , who was nicknamed " Khomeini of Cologne" in the German public . In the Turkish media he was referred to as a "black voice". At an event in honor of Kaplan in 1993, the German convert to Islam, Andreas Abu Bakr Rieger, publicly “regretted” in front of hundreds of listeners that the Germans had not completely destroyed the Jews: “Like the Turks, we Germans have often in history for a good cause fought, although I have to admit that my grandfathers were not very thorough with our common main enemy. "
In 1993 disputes arose over property, ownership and usage rights to real estate. The association aimed for a central control of the real estate. Criticism ignited among supporters of the lack of transparency of the financial management of the organization. In 1994 an opposition group split off in Bochum under the name “Association of Muslim Communities” (MCB). After the death of Cemaleddin Kaplan, a dispute about the succession broke out.
He was succeeded in 1995 by his son Metin "Müftüoğlu" Kaplan . Metin Kaplan called himself "son of the Mufti " ("Müftüoğlu") because he - like his father, who called himself "Son of Hodschas " ("Hocaoğlu") - rejected the Turkish surname "Kaplan" ("Tiger"). Under Metin Kaplan there was a further radicalization of ideas. Internal disputes occurred more frequently in the caliphate state. A counter-caliph, İbrahim Sofu , temporarily resided in Berlin . Kaplan called for the assassination of the counter-caliph in the association newspaper "Ümmet-i Muhammed" on July 19, 1996:
“What happens to a person who - although there is a caliph - lets himself be proclaimed as a second caliph? This man is asked to express his repentance. If he does not show repentance, then he will be killed. "
İbrahim Sofu was murdered on May 8, 1997 following this call for murder.
In December 2001 the Federal Ministry of the Interior banned the association, the foundation Diener des Islam and 19 sub-organizations. Your assets were confiscated and used by the Federal Property Administration in administrative assistance for the Federal Ministry of the Interior. A lawsuit against the ban was dismissed by the Federal Administrative Court. The Federal Constitutional Court did not accept a constitutional complaint against the judgment . The Caliphate State finally appealed against the ban to the European Court of Human Rights , which was unanimously rejected as inadmissible in 2006.
As a result of further observation by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution , further associations that were regarded as successor organizations were banned on December 19, 2002. Metin Kaplan was tried after his deportation in Turkey and sentenced to aggravated life imprisonment in 2005 for attempting "to overthrow the constitutional order by force".
organization
The organization had around 4,000 members in the early 1990s and around 1,100 members in 1999. The nominal leader and thus the “caliph of the Muslims” and “emir of the believers” is the imprisoned Metin chaplain. The association had a Fetwa and a Kaza authority, a judicial authority and a supervisory authority. The Fetwas were from " Scheichülislam adopt" a function that Metin Kaplan also stressed.
The organization was divided into "areas" (bölge) , which were headed by an "emir". The Dutch foundation “Stichting Dienaar aan Islam” was also under the leadership of the association.
ideology
The worldview of the caliphate state is characterized by a distinct dichotomy . The history of mankind is seen as a struggle between good and evil: a struggle between hak and batıl , the true and the nothing , between iman and küfür , belief and unbelief, between tevhid and şirk , monotheism and polytheism, between müstekbirler and müstazaflar , oppressors and the oppressed, between the hizbullah and the hizbüşşeytan , the "party of God" and the "party of Satan". Koranic (and Biblical) models are given to illustrate this worldview. These include the Pharaoh (Firavun) as the tyrannical ruler, his henchman Haman , Korah (Karun) , who supports the system with his money, and Balaam (Bel'am) , another henchman. The goal of the caliphate state is the establishment of an Islamic state based on Sharia law . The model is the caliphate , in which religious and political power is united under one caliph .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rainer Traub: Die Glaubens-Wechsler , Spiegel-Special No. 2/2008, page 94ff
- ↑ Quoted from: Activities of the Turkish Islamist organization “The Caliphate State” in Germany. BfV 1999
- ↑ Schily forbids the «caliphate state».
- ↑ BVerwG, judgment of November 27, 2002 - 6 A 4.02
- ↑ BVerfG, decision of October 2, 2003 - 1 BvR 536/03
- ↑ Decision on the admissibility of the individual complaint No. 13828/04 by K. v. Germany. Retrieved November 30, 2014.