North Assam languages

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The North Assam languages form a subgroup of the Tibetan Burman languages , a primary branch of Sinotibetic . The approximately 30 North Assam languages ​​are spoken by 850,000 people in India in the state of Arunachal Pradesh , in Bhutan and in the People's Republic of China . The North Assam languages ​​consist of four subgroups that form generally recognized genetic units : the Tani languages (formerly called Abor-Miri-Dafla languages ), the Khowa-Sulung , the Idu-Digaru and the Miju. With 800,000 speakers, the Tani group is by far the largest subgroup.

Classification and subunits

  • North Assam
    • Tani or Abor-Miri-Dafla or Adi-Nishi (800 thousand speakers)
      • West Tani
        • Apatani
        • Bokar (Luoba)
        • Nishi group
          • Nishi (Nising, Nishing, East Dafla)
          • Bangni (Bengni, West Dafla)
          • Hill-Miri (Sarakk)
          • Tagin, Yano, Nyisu, Akalel
          • Gallong, Pailibo, Ramo
      • East Tani
        • Milang
        • Damu, Boring
        • Mishing (Mising, Plains Miri)
        • Padam, Minyong, Shimong, Pasi, Panggi, Tangam, Karko, Ashing
    • Khowa-Sulung or Kho-Bwa
      • Khowa (Khoa, Bugun) (approx. 5 thousand)
      • Sulung (4k)
      • Sherdukpen (approx. 3 thousand)
      • Lishpa (Monpa) (1 thousand)
    • Idu-Digaru or North Mishmi
      • Idu (Chulikata) (approx. 10 thousand)
      • Digaru (Taraon, Darang Deng) (approx. 20 thousand)
    • Mijuish or South Mishmi
      • Kaman (Miju, Geman Deng) (4 thousand)
      • Zaiwa (Zakhring-Meyor) (200)

The North Assam languages ​​are not recognized by all researchers as a genetic unit , but their subunits are. Classification and number of speakers according to the given web link.

literature

North Assam languages

  • Robbins Burling: The Tibeto-Burman Languages ​​of Northeastern India. In: Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla: The Sino-Tibetan Languages. Routledge, London 2003.
  • Jackson T.-S. Sun: Tani Languages. In: Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla: The Sino-Tibetan Languages. Routledge, London 2003.

Tibeto-Burmese languages

  • Christopher I. Beckwith (Ed.): Medieval Tibeto-Burman Languages. Brill, Leiden / Boston / Cologne 2002.
  • Paul K. Benedict: Sino-Tibetan. A Conspectus. Cambridge University Press, 1972.
  • Scott DeLancey: Sino-Tibetan Languages. In: Bernard Comrie (Ed.): The World's Major Languages. Oxford University Press, 1990.
  • Austin Hale: Research on Tibeto-Burman Languages. Mouton, Berlin / New York / Amsterdam 1982.
  • James A. Matisoff: Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman. University of California Press, 2003.
  • Anju Saxena (Ed.): Himalayan Languages. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2004.
  • Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla (Eds.): The Sino-Tibetan Languages. Routledge, London 2003, ISBN 0-7007-1129-5 .
  • George Van Driem: Languages ​​of the Himalayas. Brill, Leiden 2001.

See also

Web links