Class

With Klassem is in the Lexikologie a semantic feature ( Sem ) indicates that a class of Sememen and / or lexemes separates from others. “In contrast to semen, classemes are very general components of meaning that are common to lexemes that belong to several different word fields; they are often not only lexicalized, but also grammaticalized (...). ”A class can therefore also be viewed as a generic sem.

Origin of the term

The term "Klassem" was created by Bernard Pottier considered (1963) to him two others, the Virtuem and Semantem to distinguish. In all cases, however, it is a question of the collection of semems within a paradigm .

Examples from German

Examples of classes in German are the semes [male] and [female]. The first sememe includes both the sememe [man] and [boy] as well as the sememe [stallion] and [bull], the second includes both the sememe [woman] and [girl] as well as [cow]. Such classems can be used to clarify the semantic connections that exist between the sentences within texts and thus to work out its isotopias . They can thus contribute to solving text-linguistic problems and be used in the interpretation of texts.

literature

• Theodor Lewandowski: Linguistic Dictionary . 4th, revised edition. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1985. ISBN 3-494-02050-7 . Article: Class .

Web links

Wiktionary: Klassem  - explanations of meanings, word origins , synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

1. ↑ John Lyons : Semantics. Volume I. Beck, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-406-05272-X , pp. 336f.
2. ↑ Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler-Lexikon Sprach . 4th edition; Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart and Weimar, 2010, keyword: “Klassem”. ISBN 3-476-02335-4 .
3. ↑ Algirdas J. Greimas: The isotope of speech. In: W. Kallmeyer, W. Klein, R. Meyer-Hermann, K. Netzer, HJ Siebert (eds.): Lektürekolleg zur Textlinguistik. Volume 2: Reader. Athenäum Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt / Main 1974, pp. 126–152, here: p. 145. ISBN 3-8072-2051-8 .