Ileum

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The parts of the small intestine
Histological preparation of a villus of the ileum (100 ×)

The ileum (German: Krumm - or Hüftdarm from Latin ile , gut ') is that part of the small intestine , which the jejunum follows ( "jejunum") without a precise boundary could be drawn here, and ultimately the terminal ileum with the ileocecal valve ( Bauhin's valve , large intestinal valve ) opens into the large intestine . It is therefore the third section of the small intestine.

The ileum makes up about 60% of the total length of the small intestine and is up to 3 m long in adults. In this section of the small intestine, the villi and wrinkles that are typical of the jejunum gradually disappear . Instead, there are more and more accumulations of lymph follicles , which are located in the intestinal wall opposite the mesenteric attachment and are referred to as Peyer's plaques or folliculi lymphatici aggregati - i.e., lymphatic follicles that lie together.

In about 1–3% of all people, about 40 to 100 cm before the entry of the ileum into the large intestine, there may be a protuberance of the ileum as a Meckel's diverticulum - a remnant of the yolk duct ( ductus omphaloentericus ).

In the ileum, among other things, vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is absorbed with the help of the intrinsic factor .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Renate Wahrig-Burfeind (Ed.): True. Illustrated dictionary of the German language . ADAC-Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-577-10051-6 , pp. 407 .
  2. ^ Johann Christian Reil : Archive for Physiology . Curt, 1809, p. 445 ff . ( here online [accessed July 14, 2013]).
  3. ↑ G. Oberhuber: Anatomy, function and biopsy diagnostics of the small intestine . In: Pathology . Springer, Berlin Heidelberg 2013, ISBN 978-3-642-02321-7 , p. 283-290 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-02322-4_13 .

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