Copper chloride crystallization

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The copper chloride crystallization or Biokristallisation is (Engl. Copper chloride biocrystallization) a anthroposophisches method for assessing and quality assessment to be analyzed substances, especially of food. It was introduced in 1925 by the anthroposophist and chemist Ehrenfried Pfeiffer . The advice to choose copper chloride as the metal salt came from his colleague at the time, Erika Sabarth. The copper chloride crystallization is counted among the so-called " image-creating methods ".

Procedure

An aqueous extract of the respective sample is added to a copper chloride solution, which is then made to crystallize in a thin layer on a glass plate under controlled conditions ( temperature and humidity , vibration-free climatic chamber ). This results in - compared with the crystal forms of the pure copper chloride solution - structural changes in the crystallizate characteristic of the sample to be examined.

Interpretation of the result

The additive-specific "crystal image" is assessed according to morphological criteria, for example according to the number and order of the branches, and according to measurable properties of the texture , in that it is compared with a reference scale.

Users of copper chloride crystallization consider the method to be an objective and reproducible test method in addition to chemical analysis. However, they themselves point out the fact that - depending on the evaluation method - the interpretation of the images is strongly tied to the interpreting person. Therefore, methods of scientific sensor technology are used to objectify the results. The method was documented according to ISO 17025 and the characteristic parameters determined. In addition to experiments on repeatability and reproducibility, this also includes comparative measurements on coded samples.

criticism

The physician Franz Stratmann criticizes the inaccuracy of the information, the lack of reproducibility and the incorrect or missing documentation in the process. He points out inadmissible conclusions by analogy and does not consider the use of image-creating methods to be justifiable.

swell

  1. ↑ Nicolaas Busscher, Johannes Kahl and Angelika Ploeger: From needles to pattern in food quality determination. In: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. No. 94, 2014, pp. 2578-2581.
  2. ↑ A. and O. Selawry: The copper chloride crystallization in natural science and medicine . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1957, p. 34 ff.
  3. ↑ Aumaporn Meelursarn: Statistical evaluation of texture analysis from the biocrystallization method. Effect of image parameters to differentiate samples from different farming systems . Dissertation, University of Kassel 2007
  4. ↑ Nicolaas Busscher et al .: Crystallization patterns of an aqueous dihydrate cupric chloride solution in the presence of different amounts of Bovine Serum Albumin. In: Journal of Crystal Growth. No. 529, 2020, 125272.
  5. ^ S. Kretschmer: Establishing a Scientific Method according to Principles of Sensory Analysis for the Visual Evaluation of Crystal Pictures derived from Copper Chloride-Crystallization . Master's thesis, University of Kassel, Department of Organic Food Quality and Nutritional Culture 2003
  6. ↑ Bernhard Johannes Kahl: Development, in-house validation and application of the holistic process biocrystallization for the differentiation of wheat, carrot and apple samples from different cultivation and processing steps . Habilitation thesis, University of Kassel 2007
  7. ↑ Barbara Burkhard: Anthroposophic Medicines. A critical consideration. GOVI, Eschborn 2000, ISBN 3-7741-0810-2 . P. 156.

literature

  • J.-O. Andersen: Development and application of the biocrystallization method . Biodynamic Research Association, Denmark, Report No. 1, 2001
  • J.-O. Andersen et al .: Comparative study between biocrystallization and chemical analysis of carrots (Daucus carota L.) grown organically using different levels of green manures . Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 19, 29-48, 2001
  • J.-O. Andersen et al .: Computerized image analysis of biocrystallograms originated from agricultural products . Computers and electronics in agriculture 22, 51-69, 1999
  • J.-O. Andersen et al .: A refined biocrystallization method applied in a pictomorphological investigation of a polymer . Elements of Science 68, 1-20, 1998
  • C. Ballivet, H. Knijpenga, J.-G. Barth and R. Clad: On the sensitivity of the method of copper chloride crystallization . Elements of Natural Science 70, 1999, 1-32
  • J.-G. Barth: Sensitive crystallization - cancer and precancerous disease . Elements of Natural Science 52, 1990, 42-51
  • J.-G. Barth: Cupric chloride crystallization with additive and its applications . Elements of Natural Science 81, 2004, 23–39
  • J.-G. Barth, J. Roussaux, K. Suppan, S. Rosa dos Santos: Crystallization of a film of copper chloride in the presence of additives. Preliminary study on the experimental conditions and criteria of quality . Elements of Natural Science 94, 2011, 69–99
  • S. Baumgartner, P. Doesburg, C. Scherr, and J.-O. Andersen: Development of a biocrystallization assay for examining effects of homeopathic preparations using cress seedlings . Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine: eCAM, vol. 2012, pp. 125945 (Article ID, 14 pages), 2012.
  • M. Cocude, J.-G. Barth, B. Bruyet, P. François: Silicosis - The dusty lungs of miners and their long-term medical care . Elements of Natural Science 60, 1994, 49-78
  • E. Pfeiffer: Study of form forces in crystallizations . Dornach, 1931
  • E. Pfeiffer: Sensitive crystallization processes as evidence of form forces in the blood . Verlag E. Weise, Dresden, 1935
  • G. Reiter and J.-G. Barth: Some general remarks on crystallization in the presence of additives . Elements of Natural Science 92, 2010, 39–61
  • A. and O. Selawry: The copper chloride crystallization in natural science and medicine . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1957

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