Kviðuháttr

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The Kviðuháttr is a rod rhyming meter of Skaldic poetry. It is characterized by the alternation of three and four syllable half verses .

etymology

Kviða is Old Norse and means "poem" or "song". Háttr is actually a "manner", but is used in the Edda to mean "meter". The translation of Kviðuháttr as "Liedversmass" is therefore correct. But only a few songs (usually referred to as Kviða see Völundarkviða ) use the Kviðuháttr. In this case the name says nothing about the meter used.

construction

Veitk E ysteins
e nda followinn
l okins l ífs
á L ófundi,
ok s ikling
með S víum kóðu
j ózka menn
i nni brenna.
Ynglingatal 23
Anvers, Langzeile 1
Abvers
Anvers, Langzeile 2
Abvers
Anvers, Langzeile 3
Abvers
Anvers, Langzeile 4
Abvers
structure
3
4th
3
4th
3
4th
3
4th
Syllables
I-know Eysteins
ended hidden
completed life
on Lofund
and the Sikling
with Sweden they said
Jutian men
burned
Literal translation

("I know that Eystein's life ended on Lofund and it was said that Jutian men burned the king along with (other) Swedes.")

A Kviðuháttrstrophe consists of several long lines counting syllables . The anverse always has three, the abverse always exactly four syllables. The front and back of a long line are connected by the alliance . Understandably, two bars are rather rare in the three-syllable anverse (scheme 1 2 3 4 ). The bar positions 1 2 3 4 and 1 2 3 4 therefore predominate .

use

The Kviðuháttr is a Skaldic meter. So it appears only in the Skaldendie , but not in the Edda songs . Among the works in Kviðuháttr, the Ynglingatal is to be mentioned in particular , but also the Háleygjatal , the Norwegian king list ( Nóregs konungatal ) and the Hákonarkviða of the skald Sturla Þórðarson.

The meter therefore occurs mainly in works in which kings of one sex are listed one after the other (usually with a god as ancestor). Occasionally, however, a song of praise or lament can also be found in Kviðuháttr.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. Translation by Finnur Jonson, "Jeg ved, at Østens liv på avsluttedes LOF, one og sagde, at jyske mænd indebrændte kongen med Sven cores."

literature

  • Klaus von See: Germanic verse art ; Metzler Collection M 67; Stuttgart (1967) p. 47
  • Edith Marold : Kviðuháttr . In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde Vol. 19. (2nd edition) Berlin, New York 2000.