Haugians

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Adolph Tidemand: The Devotion of the Haugians (1848)

Haugean were in Norway and Denmark called those the revival of Hans Nielsen Hauge belonged. They were a Christian lay movement that was founded between 1796 and 1804 when Hauge was active as a traveling preacher in large parts of the country. According to reports from 1804, he had followers in many parishes across much of the country.

history

At the council meeting in 1814, which was held in Eidsvoll , three Haugians were present. The movement spread and had centers in Bergen, Drammen, Eiker and Stavanger by the 1830s. The supporters of the revival movement were mostly farmers. In the cities they mainly consisted of new residents from the rural areas. After 1850 they had grown into a large lay movement that also engaged in missionary work. The people saw Hauge as a reformer who, like Martin Luther, criticized the priesthood and spoke out in favor of a revitalization of the doctrine of the general priesthood. He called for the abolition of the monopoly according to which only priests were allowed to preach Christian doctrine. In his opinion, anyone who felt called by God could preach and everyone was responsible for their own faith. Reading, prayer, or active participation in the religious community were important qualities in shaping the Christian life. He also criticized the Church for turning its parishioners into passive listeners and spectators and alienating them from Christian rituals. Instead, it would be less concerned with the souls of believers than with increasing their wealth and defending their privileges. Within the movement there were women who traveled and preached as ambassadors until 1830. Among them were Randi Andersdatter Solem (1776-1859), Pernille Christensdatter Vold (1776-1821) and Marthe Olsdatter Gabestad (1781-1841). In the first few years after 1796 it was probably unmarried women in particular who played a major role in the spread of teachers. Hauge was charged because he was accused of having tried to mislead the unenlightened population with his teachings at public meetings and with numerous writings and thereby led them to neglect their tasks. He was sentenced to long prison terms. His teaching was also known as "Haugianism".

Similar sects

A comparable movement developed in Sweden under the name Läsare 'readers' . This general name for the Lutheran Pietists, especially of northern Sweden, is also used derogatory ("bigots"). In general, professing the faith of the Lutheran Church , they demonstrate their pious zeal through diligent reading of the Bible and Luther's postil , strict Sunday celebrations, diligent attendance of edifying meetings, and strict lifestyle.

reception

  • Between 1845 and 1852, Adolph Tidemand created several drawings and paintings on this subject, including the picture The Devotion of the Haugerians in several versions. One is owned by the Museum Kunstpalast in Düsseldorf. The National Museum in Norway owns another.
  • The life and work of Hans Nielsen Hauge was filmed in a Norwegian feature film in 1961 by Kåre Bergstrøm.

literature

  • Haugians . In: Theodor Westrin (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 11 : Harrisburg – Hypereides . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1909, Sp. 94-95 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
  • Hauge, Hans Nielsen (1771-1824). In: Illustreret norsk konversationsleksikon. Bind 5: Lassberg – Rebus. Aschehoug, Kristiania 1912, Sp. 1557-1559 ( runeberg.org ).
  • Hans Nielsen Hauges Reiser and most vigtigste dealers. Grøndahl & Søns Forlag, Kristiania 1914 ( runeberg.org ).
  • Knut Dørum: haugianere . In: Store norske leksikon . 2019 ( snl.no - as of December 10, 2019).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Haugians . In: General German conversations lexicon for the educated of every class . Reichenbach brothers, 1840, p. 108-109 ( books.google.de ).
  2. ↑ Randi Andersdatter Solem 1776-1859. Trondheim.com, accessed May 27, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Inger Furseth: A Comparative Study of Social and Religious Movements in Norway, 1780s-1905 . Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, NY 2002, ISBN 0-7734-7195-2 , pp. 120 (English, books.google.de ).
  4. ↑ Theological studies and reviews: Contribution to theology u. Religious studies . Klotz, 1849, p. 511-512 ( books.google.de ).
  5. ↑ read in: Store norske leksikon 2018 ( snl.no ).
  6. ↑ Läsare (Swed., "Reader") . In: Dictionary network (ed.): Meyers Großes Konversationslexikon . ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
  7. ^ Adolph Tidemand, Haugianerne. Nasjonalmuseet - Samlingen, accessed May 27, 2020 (Norwegian).
  8. ^ Hans Nielsen Hauge - Film 1961. Filmrommet, accessed on May 27, 2020 (Norwegian).