Adolph Tidemand

Photo Arnold Overbeck , Gebr. G. & A. Overbeck in Düsseldorf

Self-portrait , 1838

Brudeferd i Hardanger (Bridal Voyage on the Hardangerfjord ) , 1848

Haugianerne (Prayer of the Haugians ) , first version, 1848

Adolph Tidemand (born August 14, 1814 in Mandal , † August 25, 1876 in Christiania ) was a Norwegian painter of the Düsseldorf School and the leading genre painter of Norwegian national romanticism .

Life

Adolph Tidemand grew up in Mandal, the southernmost city in Norway, where his father was a customs inspector. He initially received private drawing lessons. Due to family ties, he came to the drawing school in Christiania and studied in Copenhagen from 1832 to 1837 . In 1833 he became a student of the Royal Danish Academy of Art , where he exhibited for the first time in 1835.

From 1837 to 1841 he continued his studies at the Art Academy in Düsseldorf . There he painted a farm and in 1838 the picture Fishermen returning home from the coast , which was bought by the Christiania Art Association on the initiative of Thomas Fearnley and others. His painting Gustav Vasa taler til dalalmuen i Mora kirke (1841) was sold to a German art association and aroused such enthusiasm that it was soon exhibited in Christiania.

In 1841 he went on a study trip to Italy with his brother Emil, where he painted, among other things, the painting Neapolitan Fishermen (1842). From 1842 to 1845 he traveled a lot in Norway, to Østerdalen , Gudbrandsdalen , Sogn , Hardanger and Telemark . During these trips the pictures Eventyrfortellersken (1844), Søndagskveld i en hardangersk røkstue (1843) and Gudstjeneste i en norsk landsens kirke (1845) were created.

In 1845 Tidemand married Claudine Marie Bergitte Jæger (1817–1887). The couple settled in Düsseldorf.

In 1848 the theater ordered a painting from Christiania from Tidemand and the eleven years younger Hans Fredrik Gude , Brudeferd i Hardanger (Bridal Voyage on the Hardangerfjord) . In addition, a corresponding text by Andreas Munch with music by Halfdan Kjerulf was performed in 1849 .

In the 1850s, Tidemand had many assignments and made short study trips from Düsseldorf. For the royal castle Oscarshall he painted in 1852 the series peasant life . In 1855 and 1867 he exhibited at world exhibitions in Paris . In 1869 he became an honorary professor at the Düsseldorf Academy. His nephew, the painter Adolph Claudius Tidemand , also studied there .

plant

Title page for Folkelivsbilleder

Tidemand was influenced by national romanticism and especially by realism . Paintings like Frithjofs Abschied (1836) are strongly romantic. But its significance lies in the socially critical approach of many of his pictures. The pottery workshop (before 1835), Haugian devotion (1852), funeral service (1854), the return of the parliamentarians (1857) bear witness to his concern. His national romantic impetus was not lost, however, as his templates for the three-volume table work Folkelivsbilleder published by Christian Tønsberg in folio format shows. For Norway its importance lay mainly in its national romantic work.

Numerous portraits come from Tidemand.

Although he also painted landscapes, he teamed up with colleagues who specialized in landscape painting for large-scale projects that featured landscapes and figures . The best-known Norwegian painting of that time, the Bride's Journey in Hardanger (1848), a joint work by Hans Fredrik Gude and Tidemand, as well as the follow-up picture Leichenfahrt im Hardanger (1853). Yet in 1876 he painted with Morten Müller together Landing Sinclair in Romsdal .

Selection of works

• 1841: Gustav Vasa taler til dalkarlene i Mora kirke
• 1844: Eventyrfortellersken
• 1845: Søndagskveld i en røykstue i Hardanger
• 1846: Norsk juleskikk
• 1848: Brudeferden i Hardanger (together with Hans Fredrik Gude)
• 1848: Signe Halvorsdatter Valle i Sætersdalen
• 1848: Haugianerne (repeated in 1852)
• 1849: De ensomme gamle (also called Husandakt )
• 1849: Ingeborg Andersdatter Gulsvik, Flå, som brud
• 1851: Aften på Krøderen (together with Hans Fredrik Gude)
• 1852: Bondeliv series in Oscarshall
• Norwegian peasant life. A cycle in 10 pictures. With an allegorical title in color print, designed by v. C. Scheuren. After the original cartons, for the paintings executed for the Royal Villa Oskarshall, at Christiania, lithographed by v. JB Sonderland, Eduard Schulte's publishing house, Düsseldorf 1852, 2nd edition. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
• 1853: Likferd på Sognefjorden (together with Hans Fredrik Gude)
• 1854: Den foreldreløse
• 1859: Fiskere i havsnød (together with Hans Fredrik Gude)
• 1865: Bestefaderens erindringer
• 1865: Bestemor's crown
• 1865: fanatics
• 1874: Syneve
• 1874: Nød

The Oslo National Gallery owns around 100 paintings by Tidemand.

literature

• Jan Askeland: Adolph Tidemand and Hans tid . 1991.
• Jan Askeland: Norsk Malerkunst, Hovedlinjen gjennom 200 år . Oslo 1981.
• Cecilie Boge: Nasjonsbyggar eller sosial klatrar? Chr. Tønsberg og Norske Folkelivsbilleder . University of Bergen 2001.
• Lorentz Dietrichson : Adolph Tidemand, hans Liv and hans Værker, and Bidrag til den norske art history. Volume 1: Tidemands Ungdomsliv (1814-1850) . 1878
• Lorentz Dietrichson : Adolph Tidemand, hans Liv and hans Værker, and Bidrag til den norske art history. Volume 2 Tidemand og den Nordiske Kunstskole i Düsseldorf (1850–1876) . 1879
• Tone Klev Furnes: En by - fem kunstnere . 2005.
• Frode Ernst Haverkamp, ​​Marit Ingeborg Lande: The alternating summer air warms over Hardangerfjords Vande … Oslo, 2003.
• Ernst Haverkamp: The Norwegian artists in Düsseldorf. The cultural transfer between Düsseldorf and the north. In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Hrsg.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its international impact 1819–1918 . Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , p. 172 ff.
• Wend von Kalnein : The influence of Düsseldorf on painting outside Germany. In: Wend von Kalnein (Ed.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting . Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1979, ISBN 3-8053-0409-9 , pp. 197 ff., 255 ff.
• Marit Lande: På Adolph Tidemands tid: for barn og unge . 2004.
• Magne Malmanger: Maleriet 1814–1870, from klassisime til tidlig realisme. In: Norges art history. Volume 4, Oslo 1981, pp. 126-292.
• Aagot Noss: Adolph Tidemand and folk han møtte, studiar from travelers in norske dalføre, akvarellar, målarstykke and teikningar . 1981.
• Christian Tønsberg : Norske Folkelivsbilleder / efter painter and Tegninger af Adolf Tidemand, ledsagede with oplysende text . 1854
• Eduard Daelen:  Tidemand, Adolf . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 38, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, pp. 243-246.

Web links

Commons : Adolph Tidemand  - collection of images, videos and audio files