La Ulaña

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Coordinates: 42 ° 39 ′  N , 4 ° 3 ′  W

Map: Spain
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La Ulaña​
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Spain

The archaeological site of La Ulaña is located in the municipality of Humada in the Spanish province of Burgos . The oppidum is a fortified settlement, a castro , which extends over an area of ​​285 hectares. The mountain on which the oppidum is located is surrounded on all sides by steep cliffs. The area of ​​a natural protective ditch, in which a complicated system of walls was found, comprises a further 301 hectares. The settlement itself was divided into two different sized areas by a wall. This made La Ulaña the largest settlement of the Iberian Iron Age . It was founded in the 2nd half of the 1st century BC. Abandoned BC.

The economy of the settlement was based on cattle breeding, to a lesser extent on the keeping of sheep, goats and pigs. Horse meat was also occasionally consumed, and hunting (for wild boars) did not provide a significant part of the diet. The main species that could be identified were domestic cattle ( Bos taurus ), domestic horses ( Equus caballus ), wild goats ( Capra hircus ), domestic sheep ( Ovis aries ), domestic pigs ( Sus domesticus ) and wild boars ( Sus scrofa ). There were close ties with the northern plateau and the Ebro valley .

During the excavation work that began in 1997, 267 structural structures could be identified, as well as several steep access routes. In 2006 the area of ​​the walled settlement was declared an archaeological park and placed under protection.

literature

  • Miguel Cisneros Cunchillos, Pilar López Noriega (ed.): El castro de La Ulaña (Humada, Burgos). La documentación arqueológica (1997–2001) , Universidad de Cantabria, 2005.
  • Miguel Cisneros Cunchillos: La Ulaña (Prov. Burgos): an oppidum of the Younger Iron Age in the north of the Iberian Peninsula , in: Madrider Mitteilungen 49 (2008) pp. 209–228.
  • Ana Belén Marín Arroyo, Miguel Cisneros Cunchillos: Consideraciones económicas sobre el oppidum de La Ulaña (Humada, Burgos): la explotación ganadera , in: Zephyrus 62 (2008).

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