Land commander Trier

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Main building of the Landkommende Trier
The medals in the empire

The Landkommende Trier was the Trier branch of the Teutonic Order . and at the same time the headquarters of the Deutschordensballei Lorraine . The branch was first mentioned in 1242 and existed until it was dissolved in 1802. The original seat of the Land Commissioner is unknown. In 1294 the Trier knights settled in a building on the banks of the Moselle. The soon-to-be-built new building with church bore the patronage of St. Mauritius . After the religious establishment was abolished in the wake of the French Revolution as part of the secularization and the property was auctioned, the church was demolished in 1803. From the buildings of the former Kommende, three buildings have been preserved in the area of ​​Langstrasse and Ausoniusstrasse, the orangery, a farm building and the main building. In Prussian times, the garrison's provisions office was set up here. It existed until the end of the First World War . The administration was in the main building, the garrison bakery was set up in the side building. The stable was used as a magazine. In 1847 the garrison's military prison was built in the Landkommendengarten. A school has been on the site since 1957.

history

The Trier Coming was first mentioned on April 17th, 1242. In 1245, just three years after it was first mentioned in a document, the Kommende owned such extensive land and real estate that it was in a position to grant larger loans. The first church to come was consecrated in 1254. From the year 1321 a new Coming Church was built, which bore the patronage of the Virgin Mary and St. Elisabeth of Thuringia . The church existed until it was demolished in 1803 and had three altars and a choir stalls with 14 seats for the knights. The church had been in a neglected condition since the 17th century. While the donations still flowed in abundance when the Trier Teutonic Order was founded, they came to a standstill in the 14th century. In the 15th century, the Landkommende Trier owned 51 villages or properties within a radius of about 50 kilometers. The Coming Convention always had less than ten members until it was founded.

During the tenure of Landkomtur Dietrich von Nassau there was extensive financial mismanagement, and his way of life and his official behavior led to open opposition to him within the Ballei from 1525 onwards. This resulted in his dismissal by the Grand Master in 1531. The appointment of a governor could not pacify the conflict, as Dietrich von Nassau had powerful supporters in state and church. Only after Dietrich von Nassau died in 1540 was the governor appointed by the Grand Master able to bring the Ballei completely under his control.

In 1552 the land commander Trier fell to the repealed commander Metz, with which she alone had about a third of the balance income. In 1563 a water pipe was laid from the Trier city fountain into the building.

Towards the end of the 16th century and due to the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War and the subsequent wars, the Coming Comes into economic distress and the buildings of the Land Coming Party were occupied by French troops and badly damaged.

It was not until the 1720s that there was an economic recovery and construction of the main building could begin. However, the expensive lifestyle of Landkomtur Casimir Friedrich Reichsfreiherr Boos von Waldeck and Monfort, who came into office in 1762, soon ruined this phase of prosperity. With the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789, taxes were levied on the numerous French estates belonging to the land commander from 1790 onwards and finally confiscated by the state in 1792. In the run-up to the occupation of Trier by French revolutionary troops, the land commander had already fled Trier so as not to fall into the hands of the troops. In the wake of the sacularization, the Landkommende Trier was abolished.

literature

  • Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979.
  2. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, p. 20.
  3. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the German Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 27-28.
  4. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 477-480.
  5. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, p. 39.
  6. ↑ Alain Demurger: Die Ritter des Herr, Geschichte der Geistlichen Ritterorden, Stuttgart 2003, p. 178.
  7. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 273-274.
  8. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 320–329.
  9. ↑ Rudolf Fendler: History of the Deutschordenskommende Einsiedel near Lautern (sources and treatises on the Middle Rhine Church history, 55), Mainz 1986, pp. 51–53.
  10. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 46–48.
  11. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 333–358.
  12. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the German Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 363–368.
  13. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order, Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 370–379.
  14. ^ Rüdiger Schmidt: Die Deutschordenskommenden Trier and Beckingen 1242 - 1794, (Sources and studies on the history of the Teutonic Order Vol. 9), Marburg 1979, pp. 495–505.

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